Genetic distribution of 295 Bacillus cereus group members based on adk-screening in combination with MLST (Multilocus Sequence Typing) used for validating a primer targeting a chromosomal locus in B. anthracis

ABSTRACTGIL01, Bam35, GIL16, AP50, and Wip1 are tectiviruses preying on theBacillus cereusgroup. Despite the significant contributions of phages in different biological processes, little is known about the dealings taking place between tectiviruses and their Gram-positive bacterial hosts. Therefore, this work focuses on characterizing the interactions between tectiviruses and theB. cereusgroup by assessing their occurrence and genetic diversity and evaluating their host range. To study the occurrence of tectiviruses in theB. cereusgroup, 2,000 isolates were evaluated using primers designed to be specific to two variable regions detected in previously described elements. PCR and propagation tests revealed that tectivirus-like elements occurred in less than 3% of the isolates. Regardless of this limited distribution, several novel tectiviruses were found, and partial DNA sequencing indicated that a greater diversity exists within the familyTectiviridae. Analyses of the selected variable regions, along with their host range, showed that tectiviruses in theB. cereusgroup can be clustered mainly into two different groups: the ones infectingB. anthracisand those isolated from otherB. cereusgroup members. In order to address the host range of some novel tectiviruses, 120 strains were tested for sensitivity. The results showed that all the tested tectiviruses produced lysis in at least oneB. cereus sensu latostrain. Moreover, no simple relationship between the infection patterns of the tectiviruses and their diversity was found.

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SuperCAT: a supertree database for combined and integrative multilocus sequence typing analysis of the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria (including B. cereus, B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis)

Nucleic Acids Research ◽

10.1093/nar/gkm877 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 36 (Database) ◽

pp. D461-D468 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

N. J. Tourasse ◽

A.-B. Kolsto

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽

Bacillus Cereus Group

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Discrimination of the Bacillus cereus Group Members by Pattern Analysis of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR

Biocontrol Science ◽

10.4265/bio.17.83 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 83-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

RITSUKO KUWANA ◽

DAISUKE IMAMURA ◽

HIROMU TAKAMATSU ◽

KAZUHITO WATABE

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Pattern Analysis ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Bacillus Cereus Group ◽

Group Members ◽

Dna Pcr

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Differentiation of Bacillus anthracis and other Bacillus cereus group bacterial strains using multilocus sequence typing method

Folia Biologica et Oecologica ◽

10.18778/1730-2366.16.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 12-21

Author(s):

Grzegorz Graniak ◽

Alina Olender ◽

Katarzyna Naylor

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Phylogenetic Relationship ◽

Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Animal Health ◽

Housekeeping Genes ◽

Negative Control ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Bacillus Cereus Group ◽

Typing Method

The study describes the preparation of the phylogenetic differentiation of Bacillus cereus strains. The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria is very important for human and animal health. The multilocus sequence typing scheme has been used to present this group of bacteria’s phylogenetic relationship and structure. The MLST system was established using 60 isolates of B. anthracis, B. cereus sensu stricto, B. thuringiensis, and transitional environment strains of Bacillus spp. As a negative control, five strains of B. subtilis and B. megaterium were used. Primers for amplification and sequencing were designed to target highly conserved internal fragment of seven housekeeping genes: glpF, gmk, ilvD, pta, pur, pycA, and tpi. A total of 22 different sequence types (STs) were distinguished. Analysis of the sequence data showed that all of the Bacillus cereus strains are very closely related. The MLST scheme exhibited a high level of resolution that can be used as an excellent tool for studying the phylogenetic relationship, epidemiology, and population structure of the Bacillus cereus group strains. The MLST method additionally allows us to define the phylogenetic relationship between very closely related strains based on a combination of the sequences of all seven alleles fragments and each of them separately. Thus, this genetic investigation tool is very useful in epidemiological investigation of potential military/ bioterrorist use of B. anthracis.

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Germination and outgrowth of spores of Bacillus cereus group members: Diversity and role of germinant receptors

Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.fm.2010.03.015 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 199-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Tjakko Abee ◽

Masja Nierop Groot ◽

Marcel Tempelaars ◽

Marcel Zwietering ◽

Roy Moezelaar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Bacillus Cereus Group ◽

Group Members

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Cell Wall Carbohydrate Compositions of Strains from the Bacillus cereus Group of Species Correlate with Phylogenetic Relatedness

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.01292-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 190 (1) ◽

pp. 112-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Christine Leoff ◽

Elke Saile ◽

David Sue ◽

Patricia Wilkins ◽

Conrad P. Quinn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Regulatory Gene ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Bacillus Cereus Group ◽

Group Members ◽

Cell Wall Carbohydrates ◽

Clade 1

ABSTRACT Members of the Bacillus cereus group contain cell wall carbohydrates that vary in their glycosyl compositions. Recent multilocus sequence typing (MLST) refined the relatedness of B. cereus group members by separating them into clades and lineages. Based on MLST, we selected several B. anthracis, B. cereus, and B. thuringiensis strains and compared their cell wall carbohydrates. The cell walls of different B. anthracis strains (clade 1/Anthracis) were composed of glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), N-acetyl mannosamine (ManNAc), and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). In contrast, the cell walls from clade 2 strains (B. cereus type strain ATCC 14579 and B. thuringiensis strains) lacked Gal and contained N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). The B. cereus clade 1 strains had cell walls that were similar in composition to B. anthracis in that they all contained Gal. However, the cell walls from some clade 1 strains also contained GalNAc, which was not present in B. anthracis cell walls. Three recently identified clade 1 strains of B. cereus that caused severe pneumonia, i.e., strains 03BB102, 03BB87, and G9241, had cell wall compositions that closely resembled those of the B. anthracis strains. It was also observed that B. anthracis strains cell wall glycosyl compositions differed from one another in a plasmid-dependent manner. When plasmid pXO2 was absent, the ManNAc/Gal ratio decreased, while the Glc/Gal ratio increased. Also, deletion of atxA, a global regulatory gene, from a pXO2− strain resulted in cell walls with an even greater level of Glc.

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