Genotoxic effects of two nickel-compounds in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster

Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) has been used in the Brazilian folk medicine to treat several illnesses. However, the phytochemical profile of S. brasiliensis as well as its genotoxic potential are poorly understood, which compromises population safety regarding the medicinal use of this plant species. In this study, we analyzed the genotoxic effects of S. brasiliensis using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) of Drosophila melanogaster. Larvae from both standard cross (ST) and high bioactivation capacity cross (HB) were exposed to different concentrations of the hydroetanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of S. brasiliensis. We analyzed wings from D. melanogaster according to the type and number of mutant hair. Ours results suggested no genotoxic activity of S. brasiliensis in D. melanogaster somatic cells.

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Genotoxicity of Copper and Nickel Nanoparticles in Somatic Cells of Drosophila melanogaster

Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1155/2018/7278036 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Erico R. Carmona ◽

Alba García-Rodríguez ◽

Ricard Marcos

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Laser Doppler Velocimetry ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Nickel Nanoparticles ◽

Somatic Cells ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Electronic Microscopy ◽

Genotoxic Effects

Copper and nickel nanoparticles (Cu-NPs and Ni-NPs, respectively) are used in a variety of industrial applications, such as semiconductors, catalysts, sensors, and antimicrobial agents. Although studies on its potential genotoxicity already exist, few of them report in vivo data. In the present study we have used the wing-spot assay in Drosophila melanogaster to determine the genotoxic activity of Cu-NPs and Ni-NPs, and these data have been compared with those obtained with their microparticle forms (MPs). Additionally, a complete physical characterization of NPs using transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) techniques was also performed. Results obtained with Cu-NPs and Cu-MPs indicate that both failed to induce an increase in the frequency of mutant spots formation in the wings of the adults, suggesting a lack of genotoxicity in somatic cells of D. melanogaster. However, when Ni-NPs and Ni-MPs were evaluated, a significant increase of small single spots and total mutant spots was observed only for Ni-NPs (P<0.05) at the highest dose assessed. Thus, the genotoxicity of Ni-NPs seem to be related to their nanoscale size, because no genotoxic effects have been reported with their microparticles and ions. This study is the first assessing the in vivo genotoxic potential of Cu-NPs and Ni-NPs in the Drosophila model.

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Mutagenic and recombinogenic assessment of widely used pesticides on Drosophila melanogaster

BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE ◽

10.15547/bjvm.2023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 200-212

Author(s):

R. Sarıkaya ◽

B. Koçak Memmi ◽

S. Sümer ◽

F. Erkoç

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Somatic Cells ◽

Imaginal Discs ◽

Spot Test ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Mutagenic Potential ◽

Genetic Changes ◽

The Third ◽

Drosophila Wing ◽

High Doses

The mutagenic potential of selected widely used pesticides: p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT); fenitrothion; propoxur; deltamethrin, bifenthrin; imidacloprid and thiametoxam was assessed using the wing spot test. Third-instar larvae of standard Drosophila melanogaster cross (ST), trans-heterozygous for the third chromosome recessive markers, multiple wing hairs (mwh) and flare (flr3) were chronically exposed to test compounds. Feeding ended with pupation of the surviving larvae. Genetic changes induced in somatic cells of the wing’s imaginal discs, mutant spots observed in marker-heterozygous (MH) and balancer-heterozygous (BH) flies were compared using the wing spot test, to estimate the genotoxic effects of these pesticides. In conclusion, exposure to 30 mg/mL deltamethrin, 40 mg/mL imidacloprid, 100 µg/mL DDT showed mutagenic and recombinagenic effects in the Drosophila wing spot test. In addition the results of chronic treatments performed at high doses showed mutagenic and recombinagenic effects in both genotypes

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