In vitro susceptibility of Candida   albicans clinical isolates to eight antifungal agents in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Relationships between azole susceptibility and in vivo response to antifungal therapy in a murine model of candidiasis were investigated for Candida albicans isolates sampled from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. The susceptibilities of seven clinical isolates and two reference strains to fluconazole (FCZ) and itraconazole (ITZ) were determined in vitro by the broth microdilution method. Four isolates were resistant to FCZ and ITZ, two were susceptible to both azoles, and three were resistant to FCZ and susceptible to ITZ (dissociated resistance). CD1 mice were inoculated with each isolate and treated with either FCZ or ITZ (drug regimen, 5 mg/kg of body weight twice daily for 5 days). Quantitative cultures of kidneys were performed at the end of the treatment. On the other hand, the survival rates of the mice were followed daily. These two parameters were clearly correlated with in vitro susceptibility. Thus, the phenomenon of a dissociation of resistance to FCZ and ITZ may be found in vivo as well as in vitro.

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In vitro activity of cloconazole, sulconazole, butoconazole, isoconazole, fenticonazole, and five other antifungal agents against clinical isolates of Candida albicans and Candida spp.

Mycopathologia ◽

10.1007/bf00472565 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 118 (1) ◽

pp. 15-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

J. M. Hern�ndez Molina ◽

J. Los� ◽

A. Martinez Brocal ◽

A. Ventosa

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Candida Spp

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In vitro susceptibility to antifungal agents of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus neoformans isolated in Southern of Brazil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652001000500006 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 267-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Sydney Hartz ALVES ◽

Loiva T. OLIVEIRA ◽

Jane M. COSTA ◽

Irina LUBECK ◽

Agnes Kiesling CASALI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽

Amphotericin B ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Environmental Isolates ◽

Aids Patients ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility ◽

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations

The purpose of the present study was to compare the susceptibility to four antifungal agents of 69 Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from AIDS patients with that of 13 C. neoformans strains isolated from the environment. Based on the NCCLS M27-A methodology the Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) obtained for amphotericin B, itraconazole and ketoconazole were very similar for clinical and environmental isolates. Clinical isolates were less susceptible to fluconazole than environmental isolates. The significance of these findings and aspects concerning the importance, role and difficulties of C. neoformans susceptibility testing are also discussed.

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Susceptibility to antifungal agents of Candida spp. from blood and feces collected in Novi Sad in 3-year period (2008-2010)

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke ◽

10.2298/zmspn1121019j ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 19-26

Author(s):

Zora Jelesic ◽

Deana Medic ◽

Mira Mihajlovic-Ukropina ◽

Marija Jevtic ◽

Vera Gusman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Empiric Therapy ◽

Invasive Disease ◽

Candida Spp ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility ◽

The Right ◽

Novi Sad

Candidemia is an important emerging nosocomial infection in patients with risk factors. Candida species from nonsterile sites can give insight into the characteristics of strains that may cause invasive disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate antifungal susceptibility of Candida blood and fecal isolates in Novi Sad, Vojvodina. During a 3-year period (2008 to 2010), 424 isolates of Candida spp. were collected, 30 bloodstream isolates and 394 strains from fecal samples. In vitro susceptibility of these isolates to five antifungal agents was established using commercial ATB FUNGUS 3 (Bio-M?rieux). Predominant species was Candida albicans (6 isolates from blood and 269 from feces). Resistance to one or more antifungal agents was less common in Candida albicans (3.63%) than in other species (24.83%). Resistance to itraconazole was the most commonly found in both groups of isolates, 9.64% strains from feces and 20% from blood samples. Twelve isolates were multiply resistant, usually to fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole. Resistance to amphotericine B was extremely rare. Although resistance to antimycotics of Candida spp. is rare at present, continued surveillance of antifungal susceptibility is necessary in order to monitor trends, and to choose the right empiric therapy.

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In Vitro Activities of Ravuconazole and Voriconazole Compared with Those of Four Approved Systemic Antifungal Agents against 6,970 Clinical Isolates of Candida spp

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.46.6.1723-1727.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 1723-1727 ◽

Cited By ~ 153

Author(s):

M. A. Pfaller ◽

S. A. Messer ◽

R. J. Hollis ◽

R. N. Jones ◽

D. J. Diekema

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Amphotericin B ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Medical Centers ◽

Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT The in vitro activities of ravuconazole and voriconazole were compared with those of amphotericin B, flucytosine (5FC), itraconazole, and fluconazole against 6,970 isolates of Candida spp. obtained from over 200 medical centers worldwide. Both ravuconazole and voriconazole were very active against all Candida spp. (MIC at which 90% of the isolates tested are inhibited [MIC90], 0.25 μg/ml; 98% of MICs were ≤1 μg/ml); however, a decrease in the activities of both of these agents was noted among isolates that were susceptible-dose dependent (fluconazole MIC, 16 to 32 μg/ml) and resistant (MIC, ≥ 64 μg/ml) to fluconazole. Candida albicans was the most susceptible species (MIC90 of both ravuconazole and voriconazole, 0.03 μg/ml), and C. glabrata was the least susceptible species (MIC90, 1 to 2 μg/ml). Ravuconazole and voriconazole were each more active in vitro than amphotericin B, 5FC, itraconazole, and fluconazole against all Candida spp. and were the only agents with good in vitro activity against C. krusei. These results provide further evidence for the spectrum and potency of ravuconazole and voriconazole against a large and geographically diverse collection of Candida spp.

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Antifungal Activities of Posaconazole, Ravuconazole, and Voriconazole Compared to Those of Itraconazole and Amphotericin B against 239 Clinical Isolates of Aspergillus spp. and Other Filamentous Fungi: Report from SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 2000

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.46.4.1032-1037.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 1032-1037 ◽

Cited By ~ 248

Author(s):

M. A. Pfaller ◽

S. A. Messer ◽

R. J. Hollis ◽

R. N. Jones

Keyword(s):

Amphotericin B ◽

Filamentous Fungi ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

The United States ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

National Committee ◽

Surveillance Program ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility

ABSTRACT Posaconazole, ravuconazole, and voriconazole are new triazole derivatives that possess potent, broad-spectrum antifungal activity. We evaluated the in vitro activity of these investigational triazoles compared with that of itraconazole and amphotericin B against 239 clinical isolates of filamentous fungi from the SENTRY Program, including Aspergillus spp. (198 isolates), Fusarium spp. (7 isolates), Penicillium spp. (19 isolates), Rhizopus spp. (4 isolates), Mucor spp. (2 isolates), and miscellaneous species (9 isolates). The isolates were obtained from 16 different medical centers in the United States and Canada between January and December 2000. In vitro susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution broth method outlined in the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M38-P document. Overall, posaconazole was the most active compound, inhibiting 94% of isolates at a MIC of ≤1 μg/ml, followed by voriconazole (91%), amphotericin B (89%), ravuconazole (88%), and itraconazole (70%). All three new triazoles demonstrated excellent activity (MIC, ≤1 μg/ml) against Aspergillus spp. (114 Aspergillus fumigatus, 22 Aspergillus niger, 13 Aspergillus flavus, 9 Aspergillus versicolor, 8 Aspergillus terreus, and 32 Aspergillus spp.): posaconazole (98%), voriconazole (98%), ravuconazole (92%), amphotericin B (89%), and itraconazole (72%). None of the triazoles were active against Fusarium spp. (MIC at which 50% of the isolates tested were inhibited [MIC50], >8 μg/ml) or Mucor spp. (MIC50, >8 μg/ml). Posaconazole and ravuconazole were more active than voriconazole against Rhizopus spp. (MIC50, 1 to 2 μg/ml versus >8 μg/ml, respectively). Based on these results, all three new triazoles exhibited promising activity against Aspergillus spp. and other less commonly encountered isolates of filamentous fungi. The clinical value of these in vitro data remains to be seen, and in vitro-in vivo correlation is needed for both new and established antifungal agents. Surveillance efforts should be expanded in order to monitor the spectrum of filamentous fungal pathogens and their in vitro susceptibility as these new antifungal agents are introduced into clinical use.

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In vitro susceptibility of Candida albicans isolates from apical and marginal periodontitis to common antifungal agents

Oral Microbiology and Immunology ◽

10.1034/j.1399-302x.2000.150406.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 245-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

T. M. T. Waltimo ◽

D. Ørstavik ◽

J. H. Meurman ◽

L. P. Samaranayake ◽

M. P. P. Haapasalo

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility ◽

Marginal Periodontitis

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Determination of Minimum Inhibitory and Fungicidal Concentrations of Potash Alum Against Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans

Journal of The Pakistan Dental Association ◽

10.25301/jpda.294.235 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (04) ◽

pp. 235-238

Author(s):

Muhammad Irshad ◽

◽

Muhamamd Younas ◽

Asif Ullah Qureshi ◽

Amir Hameed

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Oral Candidiasis ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Positive Control ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility ◽

Fungicidal Action ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

OBJECTIVE: Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen causing oral candidiasis. Commercially available antifungal agents are effective in eliminating C. albicans, however, their toxicity and high cost are undesirable. Potash Alum is a naturally occurring salt with antibacterial and antifungal properties. Therefore, Potash Alum may be effective against C. albicans. Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro susceptibility of C. albicans to Potash Alum. METHODOLOGY: Swab samples from 19 patients attending the Oral medicine department of Rehman College of Dentistry were transferred to tubes containing Sabouraud Dextrose Broth. After identification of C. albicans by Gram-staining, a solution of 2-5 x 105 CFUs/mL C. albicans was prepared and subjected to MIC and MFC determination by the standard broth microdilution method. Potash alum concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL were used. Commercially available Nystatin was used as a positive control. RESULTS: Our results showed that 10 mg/mL of Potash Alum (PA) solution was able to inhibit growth of most of the clinical isolates of C. albicans. In 5 samples, even 5mg/mL was effective in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans. Potash alum demonstrated fungistatic rather than a fungicidal action against C. albicans. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that potash alum has a fungistatic action against C. albicans in vitro. In addition, the optimum in vitro concentration of potash alum solution effective in inhibiting growth of C. albicans was found to be 10mg/mL. KEYWORDS: Candida albicans, potash alum, nystatin, antifungal HOW TO CITE: Irshad M, Younas M, Qureshi AU, Hameed A. Determination of minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of potash alum against clinical isolates of candida albicans. J Pak Dent Assoc 2020;29(4):235-238.

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