scholarly journals Determination of Minimum Inhibitory and Fungicidal Concentrations of Potash Alum Against Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irshad ◽  
◽  
Muhamamd Younas ◽  
Asif Ullah Qureshi ◽  
Amir Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Fungicidal Action ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

OBJECTIVE: Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen causing oral candidiasis. Commercially available antifungal agents are effective in eliminating C. albicans, however, their toxicity and high cost are undesirable. Potash Alum is a naturally occurring salt with antibacterial and antifungal properties. Therefore, Potash Alum may be effective against C. albicans. Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro susceptibility of C. albicans to Potash Alum. METHODOLOGY: Swab samples from 19 patients attending the Oral medicine department of Rehman College of Dentistry were transferred to tubes containing Sabouraud Dextrose Broth. After identification of C. albicans by Gram-staining, a solution of 2-5 x 105 CFUs/mL C. albicans was prepared and subjected to MIC and MFC determination by the standard broth microdilution method. Potash alum concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL were used. Commercially available Nystatin was used as a positive control. RESULTS: Our results showed that 10 mg/mL of Potash Alum (PA) solution was able to inhibit growth of most of the clinical isolates of C. albicans. In 5 samples, even 5mg/mL was effective in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans. Potash alum demonstrated fungistatic rather than a fungicidal action against C. albicans. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that potash alum has a fungistatic action against C. albicans in vitro. In addition, the optimum in vitro concentration of potash alum solution effective in inhibiting growth of C. albicans was found to be 10mg/mL. KEYWORDS: Candida albicans, potash alum, nystatin, antifungal HOW TO CITE: Irshad M, Younas M, Qureshi AU, Hameed A. Determination of minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of potash alum against clinical isolates of candida albicans. J Pak Dent Assoc 2020;29(4):235-238.

scholarly journals Comparative resistance of Candida albicans clinical isolates to fluconazole and itraconazole in vitro and in vivo in a murine model.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1342-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Valentin ◽  
R Le Guennec ◽  
E Rodriguez ◽  
J Reynes ◽  
M Mallie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Relationships between azole susceptibility and in vivo response to antifungal therapy in a murine model of candidiasis were investigated for Candida albicans isolates sampled from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. The susceptibilities of seven clinical isolates and two reference strains to fluconazole (FCZ) and itraconazole (ITZ) were determined in vitro by the broth microdilution method. Four isolates were resistant to FCZ and ITZ, two were susceptible to both azoles, and three were resistant to FCZ and susceptible to ITZ (dissociated resistance). CD1 mice were inoculated with each isolate and treated with either FCZ or ITZ (drug regimen, 5 mg/kg of body weight twice daily for 5 days). Quantitative cultures of kidneys were performed at the end of the treatment. On the other hand, the survival rates of the mice were followed daily. These two parameters were clearly correlated with in vitro susceptibility. Thus, the phenomenon of a dissociation of resistance to FCZ and ITZ may be found in vivo as well as in vitro.

scholarly journals Activity of a new triazole, Sch 56592, compared with those of four other antifungal agents tested against clinical isolates of Candida spp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Pfaller ◽  
S Messer ◽  
R N Jones
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Sch 56592 is a new triazole agent with potent, broad-spectrum antifungal activity. The in vitro activities of Sch 56592, itraconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin B, and flucytosine (5-FC) against 404 clinical isolates of Candida spp. (382 isolates) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (22 isolates) were investigated. In vitro susceptibility testing was performed by a broth microdilution method performed according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guidelines. Overall, Sch 56592 was very active (MIC at which 90% of isolates are inhibited [MIC90], 0.5 microgram/ml) against these yeast isolates. Sch 56592 was most active against Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, candida lusitaniae, and Candida stellatoidea (MIC90, < or = 0.12 microgram/ml) and was least active against Candida glabrata (MIC90, 2.0 micrograms/ml). Sch 56592 was 2- to 32-fold more active than amphotericin B and 5-FC against all species except C. glabrata. By comparison with the other triazoles, Sch 56592 was equivalent to itraconazole and greater than or equal to eightfold more active than fluconazole. On the basis of these results, Sch 56592 has promising antifungal activity, and further in vitro and in vivo investigations are warranted.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of linalool in cases of Candida spp. isolated from individuals with oral candidiasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Dias ◽  
E. R. I. S. Trajano ◽  
R. D. Castro ◽  
G. L. S. Ferreira ◽  
H. C. M. Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration

Abstract This study analyzed the antifungal activity of phytoconstituents from linalool on Candida spp. strains, in vitro, isolated from patients with clinical diagnoses of oral candidiasis associated with the use of a dental prosthesis. Biological samples were collected from 12 patients using complete dentures or removable partial dentures and who presented mucous with diffuse erythematous or stippled features, indicating a clinical diagnosis of candidiasis. To identify fungal colonies of the genus Candida, samples were plated onto CHROMagar Candida®. The antifungal activity of linalool, a monoterpene unsaturated constituent of basil oil, was performed using the broth microdilution technique. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the two subsequent stronger concentrations and the positive controls were subcultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates to determine the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The experiments were performed in triplicate and nystatin was used as a positive control in all tests. Diagnoses of oral candidiasis were verified in eight patients (66.6%) and the most prevalent fungal species was Candida albicans (37.5%), followed by Candida krusei (25.0%); and Candida tropicalis (4.2%). The best antifungal activity of linalool was observed on Candida tropicalis (MIC = 500 mg/mL), followed by Candida albicans (MIC = 1.000 mg/mL), and Candida krusei (MIC = 2.000 mg/mL).Under the study conditions and based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the Candida strains tested were susceptible to linalool.

In vitro susceptibility of Candida   albicans clinical isolates to eight antifungal agents in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zida ◽  
A. Yacouba ◽  
S. Bamba ◽  
I. Sangare ◽  
M. Sawadogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility

scholarly journals Cinnamaldehyde and α-terpineol inhibit the growth of planktonic cultures of Candida albicans and non albicans

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e554101019027
Author(s):  
Loyse Martorano Fernandes ◽  
Mariana Cavalcanti Lacerda ◽  
Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti ◽  
Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Reference Strains

Agents based in natural products have been investigated for the treatment of oral candidiasis. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal effect of phytoconstituent cinnamaldehyde and α-terpineol in planktonic cultures of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and clinical isolates of C. albicans. Reference strains of C. albicans (ATCC 90028 and ATCC 60193), C. glabrata (ATCC 2001), C. krusei (ATCC 34135) and four clinical isolates were used. Nistatin 100,000UI was used as a positive control.  After preparation of the inoculum (1 × 103 CFU / mL), serial microdilution technique was performed using RPMI 1640 medium. Results: in reference strains, the MIC for α-terpineol ranged from 312,5 μg / mL (C. albicans 90028) to 40 μg / mL (C. krusei); and the cinnamaldehyde ranged from 40 μg / mL (C. albicans 90028, C. albicans 60193 and C. glabrata) to 20 μg / mL (C. krusei). Whereas for clinical strains, the MIC for α-terpineol ranged from 156 μg / mL to 78 μg / mL and cinnamaldehyde ranged from 78 μg / mL to 40 μg / mL. Therefore, the cinnamaldehyde and α-terpineol present an inhibitory effect against planktonic cultures of Candida albicans and not albicans.

scholarly journals 1044. In vitro Activity of Tebipenem Against Relevant Clinical Isolates in the Presence of Pulmonary Surfactant

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S614-S614
Author(s):  
S J Ryan Arends ◽  
Abby L Klauer ◽  
Nicole Cotroneo ◽  
Ian A Critchley ◽  
Rodrigo E Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Tebipenem (TBP) is an orally administered broad-spectrum carbapenem antibiotic under development for the treatment of acute pyelonephritis and complicated urinary tract infections. This study evaluated the effect of bovine pulmonary surfactant (BPS) on the in vitro activity of TBP and ertapenem (ETP) against a recent collection of clinical isolates. Methods A total of 10 isolates recovered from patients with infections in 2018 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to TBP and ETP in the absence or presence of 1%, 5%, or 10% BPS (Infasurf; ONY Biotech). These isolates included the following species: C. freundii, E. cloacae, E. coli, H. influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, K. pneumoniae, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae, and S. pyogenes. Isolates were tested with the appropriate broth microdilution method for each organism as specified by CLSI. For most organisms, MICs were determined in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB). CAMHB was supplemented with 2.5-5% lysed horse blood for streptococci and Haemophilus Test Medium broth for Haemophilus spp. Daptomycin (DAP) was tested against S. aureus ATCC 29213 as a positive control. Results All isolates displayed TBP MIC values ranging from ≤0.004 to 0.06 mg/L in media without BPS. There were no observed MIC increases &gt;2-fold in the presence of BPS. 4 of the 10 isolates displayed slightly higher (≥4-fold) ETP than TBP MIC values. The ETP MIC values ranged from 0.015-0.25 mg/L in media without BPS. Similarly, there were no observed instances of a &gt;2-fold shift toward lower potency in the presence of BPS. For both TBP and ETP, MIC endpoint values were easily determined, except for in the case of the 2 Haemophilus strains growing in the presence of 5% or 10% BPS. For these conditions, resazurin was added to establish an MIC value. The MIC values found with this method did not differ from the MIC values found in either HTM media or HTM media with 1% BPS. As expected, the addition of BPS shifted DAP S. aureus MIC values to &gt;8 mg/L for all 3 BPS concentrations. Conclusion TBP displayed potent activity against all isolates tested, as all observed MIC values were ≤0.06 mg/L. The addition of BPS to the testing medium did not affect the in vitro MIC values of TBP or ETP against these species. Disclosures S J Ryan Arends, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Abby L. Klauer, n/a, Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Nicole Cotroneo, Spero Therapeutics (Employee, Shareholder) Ian A. Critchley, Ph.D., Spero Therapeutics (Employee, Shareholder) Rodrigo E. Mendes, PhD, AbbVie (Research Grant or Support)AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)ContraFect Corporation (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

scholarly journals Cephalosporin nitric oxide-donor prodrug DEA-C3D disperses biofilms formed by clinical cystic fibrosis isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odel Soren ◽  
Ardeshir Rineh ◽  
Diogo G Silva ◽  
Yuming Cai ◽  
Robert P Howlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Nitric Oxide Donor ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Abstract Objectives The cephalosporin nitric oxide (NO)-donor prodrug DEA-C3D (‘DiEthylAmin-Cephalosporin-3′-Diazeniumdiolate’) has been shown to initiate the dispersal of biofilms formed by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa laboratory strain PAO1. In this study, we investigated whether DEA-C3D disperses biofilms formed by clinical cystic fibrosis (CF) isolates of P. aeruginosa and its effect in combination with two antipseudomonal antibiotics, tobramycin and colistin, in vitro. Methods β-Lactamase-triggered release of NO from DEA-C3D was confirmed using a gas-phase chemiluminescence detector. MICs for P. aeruginosa clinical isolates were determined using the broth microdilution method. A crystal violet staining technique and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to evaluate the effects of DEA-C3D on P. aeruginosa biofilms alone and in combination with tobramycin and colistin. Results DEA-C3D was confirmed to selectively release NO in response to contact with bacterial β-lactamase. Despite lacking direct, cephalosporin/β-lactam-based antibacterial activity, DEA-C3D was able to disperse biofilms formed by three P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. Confocal microscopy revealed that DEA-C3D in combination with tobramycin produces similar reductions in biofilm to DEA-C3D alone, whereas the combination with colistin causes near complete eradication of P. aeruginosa biofilms in vitro. Conclusions DEA-C3D is effective in dispersing biofilms formed by multiple clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and could hold promise as a new adjunctive therapy to patients with CF.

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