Negatively charged nanoparticles of multiple materials inhibit shear-induced platelet accumulation

SummaryThe generation of trace amounts of thrombin at artificial surfaces in contact with blood is likely to be a contributing factor in thrombosis on biomaterials. Using an in vitro capillary perfusion system, platelet accumulation on glass surfaces, uncoated or precoated with purified bovine collagen or human plasma proteins, was determined in the presence or absence of preadsorbed purified human thrombin. Static adsorption for 15 min at 22° C from solutions of thrombin 100 NIH units (33 μg)/ml gave surface concentrations in the range 0.019-0.101 μg/cm2. Protein coated capillaries, thrombin treated or untreated, were perfused for 2 min at 37° C with suspensions of washed 111In-labeled human platelets in Tyrode's-albumin buffer containing 40% washed red blood cells, under conditions of controlled, non pulsatile laminar flow (50 s−1 or 2,000 s−1). Platelet accumulation was increased in the presence of surface adsorbed thrombin on uncoated and albumin or fibrinogen coated glass but little affected on fibronectin or collagen coated glass. On von Willebrand factor (vWF) coated glass, thrombin enhancement was observed only at high shear forces. In experiments using antibodies against human platelet α-granule proteins, thrombin stimulated platelet deposition in uncoated glass capillaries was inhibited at 2,000 s−1 by anti-vWF and to a lesser extent by anti-fibrinogen but not by antithrombospondin antibodies.

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Platelet Accumulation on Fibrin-coated Polyethylene: Role of Platelet Activation and Factor XIII

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1653880 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 73 (05) ◽

pp. 850-856 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

F D Rubens ◽

D W Perry ◽

M W C Hatton ◽

P D Bishop ◽

M A Packham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Xiii ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Internal Diameter ◽

Static System ◽

Graft Occlusion ◽

Platelet Binding ◽

Coated Surface ◽

Platelet Accumulation ◽

Polyethylene Tubing

SummaryPlatelet accumulation on small- and medium-calibre vascular grafts plays a significant role in graft occlusion. We examined platelet accumulation on the surface of fibrin-coated polyethylene tubing (internal diameter 0.17 cm) during 10 min of flow (l0ml/min) at high wall shear rate (764 s-1). Washed platelets labelled with 51Cr were resuspended in Tyrode solution containing albumin, apyrase and red blood cells (hematocrit 40%). When the thrombin that was used to form the fibrin-coated surface was inactivated with FPRCH2C1 before perfusion of the tubes with the platelet:red blood cell suspension, the accumulation of platelets was 59,840 ± 27,960 platelets per mm2, whereas accumulation on fibrin with residual active thrombin was 316,750 ± 32,560 platelets per mm2 (n = 4). When the fibrin on the surface was cross-linked by including recombinant factor XIII (rFXIII) in the fibrinogen solution used to prepare the fibrin-coated surface, platelet accumulation, after thrombin neutralization, was reduced by the cross-linking from 46,974 ± 9702 to 36,818 ± 7964 platelets per mm2 (n = 12, p <0.01). Platelet accumulation on tubes coated with D-dimer was ten times less than on tubes coated with D-domain; this finding also supports the observation that cross-linking of fibrin with the formation of γ-γ dimers reduces platelet accumulation on the fibrin-coated surface. Thrombin-activated platelets themselves were shown to cross-link fibrin when they had adhered to it during perfusion, or in a static system in which thrombin was used to form clots from FXIII-free fibrinogen in the presence of platelets. Thus, cross-linking of fibrin by FXIII in plasma or from platelets probably decreases the reactivity of the fibrin-containing thrombi to platelets by altering the lysine residue at or near the platelet-binding site of each of the γ-chains of the fibrinogen which was converted into the fibrin of these thrombi.

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Intrathoracic Platelet Accumulation in the Guinea-Pig Induced by Intravenous Administration of Arachidonic Acid - Effect of Cyclooxygenase and Thromboxane Synthetase Inhibitors

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1661674 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 56 (03) ◽

pp. 311-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P A Barrett ◽

K D Butler ◽

R A Shand ◽

R B Wallis

Keyword(s):

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Blood Volume ◽

Intravenous Administration ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Human Albumin ◽

Thromboxane Synthetase ◽

Acid Effect ◽

Rapid Accumulation ◽

Platelet Accumulation ◽

High Doses

SummaryIntravenous administration of arachidonic acid to guinea-pigs caused a dose-related, rapid accumulation of 51Cr-labelled platelets in the thorax. Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase inhibited the platelet accumulation, induced by arachidonic acid (30 mg/kg), at doses which did not alter the thoracic blood volume (as measured by 131I-labelled human albumin). Thromboxane synthetase inhibitors had different effects on platelet accumulation depending on the dose. CGS 12970 (3 mg/kg) and N(1-carboxyheptyl) imidazole (100 mg/kg) reduced platelet accumulation. High doses of CGS 12970 and CGS 13080 caused an apparent enhancement of platelet accumulation which was associated with pooling of blood in the thorax, as measured by either 131I-labelled human albumin or 51Cr-labelled erythrocytes. This increase in thoracic blood volume was abolished if the guinea-pigs were also pretreated with diclofenac (1 mg/kg) in addition to the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. Increases in thoracic blood volume were also obtained following infusions of PGI2 but not PGD2 or PGE2.

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The Effects of Modulation of Prostanoid Metabolism on the Thoracic Platelet Accumulation Induced by Intravenous Administration of Collagen in the Guinea-Pig

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1661663 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 56 (03) ◽

pp. 263-267

Author(s):

K D Butler ◽

R A Shand ◽

R B Wallis

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Intravenous Administration ◽

Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽

Concomitant Increase ◽

Thromboxane Synthetase ◽

Platelet Accumulation ◽

Related Increase

SummaryThe effects of intravenously administered collagen on the circulatory platelet count, TxB2, 6-keto PGF1α and 51Cr-labelled platelet accumulation in the thorax have been evaluated in the guinea-pig. Administration of collagen induced a dose-related peripheral thrombocytopenia and a concomitant increase in 51Cr-labelled platelets in the thorax. There was also a transient dose-related increase in plasma TxB2 but no change in plasma 6-keto PGF1α levels.The thromboxane synthetase inhibitors tested, reduced the platelet accumulation, but only CGS 13080 significantly inhibited TxB2 production. In contrast all the cyclooxygenase inhibitors tested impaired the elevation of plasma TxB2 after collagen, but only diclofenac inhibited the 51Cr-labelled platelet accumulation.The greater effect of thromboxane synthetase inhibitors compared to cyclooxygenase inhibitors on platelet accumulation in this system cannot be completely explained by the changes measured in the circulating prostanoids.

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Pre-bond surface inspection using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the adhesive bonding of multiple materials

International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives ◽

10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2019.01.014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 ◽

pp. 102320 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tadatake Sato ◽

Kenichi Tashiro ◽

Yoshizo Kawaguchi ◽

Hideki Ohmura ◽

Haruhisa Akiyama

Keyword(s):

Adhesive Bonding ◽

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽

Surface Inspection ◽

Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽

Laser Induced Breakdown ◽

Multiple Materials

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Penetration and preferential binding of charged nanoparticles to mixed lipid monolayers: interplay of lipid packing and charge density

Soft Matter ◽

10.1039/d0sm01945c ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anurag Chaudhury ◽

Koushik Debnath ◽

Wei Bu ◽

Nikhil R. Jana ◽

Jaydeep Kumar Basu

Keyword(s):

Charge Density ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Cell Membranes ◽

Lipid Monolayers ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Lipid Packing ◽

Preferential Binding ◽

Charged Nanoparticles

Designing of nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications or mitigating their cytotoxic eﬀects require microscopic understanding of their interactions with cell membranes. Such insight is best obtained by studying model biomembranes...

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A single variable-based method for concurrent multiscale topology optimization with multiple materials

Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.cma.2021.113727 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 378 ◽

pp. 113727

Author(s):

Haitao Liao

Keyword(s):

Topology Optimization ◽

Single Variable ◽

Multiple Materials

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Semi-Automated Determination of Heavy Metals in Autopsy Tissue Using Robot-Assisted Sample Preparation and ICP-MS

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26133820 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (13) ◽

pp. 3820

Author(s):

Heidi Fleischer ◽

Christoph Lutter ◽

Andreas Büttner ◽

Wolfram Mittelmeier ◽

Kerstin Thurow

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Human Tissue ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

Systemic Exposure ◽

Body Fluids ◽

Automation System ◽

Robot Assisted ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Multiple Materials

The endoprosthetic care of hip and knee joints introduces multiple materials into the human body. Metal containing implant surfaces release degradation products such as particulate wear and corrosion debris, metal-protein complexes, free metallic ions, inorganic metal salts or oxides. Depending on the material composition of the prostheses, a systemic exposure occurs and may result in increasing metal concentrations in body fluids and tissues especially in the case of malfunctions of the arthroplasty components. High concentrations of Cr, Co, Ni, Ti and Al affect multiple organs such as thyroid, heart, lung and cranial nerves and may lead to metallosis, intoxications, poly-neuropathy, retinopathy, cardiomyopathy and the formation of localized pseudo tumors. The determination of the concentration of metals in body fluids and tissues can be used for predicting failure of hip or knee replacements to prevent subsequent severe intoxications. A semi-automated robot-assisted measurement system is presented for the determination of heavy metals in human tissue samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The manual and automated measurement processes were similarly validated using certified reference material and the results are compared and discussed. The automation system was successfully applied in the determination of heavy metals in human tissue; the first results are presented.

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Natural Building Materials for Interior Fitting and Refurbishment—What about Indoor Emissions?

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14010234 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 234

Author(s):

Matthias Richter ◽

Wolfgang Horn ◽

Elevtheria Juritsch ◽

Andrea Klinge ◽

Leon Radeljic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Well Being ◽

Testing Time ◽

Evaluation Scheme ◽

Partition Walls ◽

Health Related ◽

Internal Partition ◽

Multiple Materials ◽

Natural Building

Indoor air quality can be adversely affected by emissions from building materials, consequently having a negative impact on human health and well-being. In this study, more than 30 natural building materials (earth dry boards and plasters, bio-based insulation materials, and boards made of wood, flax, reed, straw, etc.) used for interior works were investigated as to their emissions of (semi-)volatile organic compounds ((S)VOC), formaldehyde, and radon. The study focused on the emissions from complete wall build-ups as they can be used for internal partition walls and the internal insulation of external walls. Test chambers were designed, allowing the compounds to release only from the surface of the material facing indoors under testing parameters that were chosen to simulate model room conditions. The emission test results were evaluated using the AgBB evaluation scheme, a procedure for the health-related evaluation of construction products and currently applied for the approval of specific groups of building materials in Germany. Seventeen out of 19 sample build-ups tested in this study would have passed this scheme since they generally proved to be low-emitting and although the combined emissions of multiple materials were tested, 50% of the measurements could be terminated before half of the total testing time.

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Maximum fluid concentrations of materials released from platelets at a surface

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1983.244.1.h109 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 244 (1) ◽

pp. H109-H114 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. A. Adams ◽

I. A. Feuerstein

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Empirical Data ◽

Maximum Amount ◽

Inhibit Platelet Aggregation ◽

Fluid Concentration ◽

Diffusion And Convection ◽

Platelet Accumulation ◽

Von Willebrand ◽

Willebrand Factor

We examine the estimation of local concentrations of materials that are released from the dense and alpha-granules of platelets during accumulation of platelets upon collagen-coated glass. Platelet/red blood cell suspensions were perfused through a 1.3-mm-ID tube. Empirical data were used in a calculation procedure, based on diffusion and convection, designed to yield an upper bound on the interfacial fluid concentration (IFC) for each substance considered. The necessary empirical data are the rate of platelet accumulation and the maximum amount of material in the platelet capable of secretion. It was found that the IFC is dependent on the shear rate at the surface (G) and is proportional to G0.27. This means that an eightfold increase in flow rate would increase the IFCs approximately twofold. Serotonin, pyrophosphate, adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) were found not to be present in sufficient quantities to produce IFCs that could influence platelet aggregation if used alone at the IFC. A second set of materials, fibrinogen, fibronectin von Willebrand factor, and calcium, had IFCs less than their concentrations normally found in plasma. A third category, containing adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) alone, had an IFC close to those known to affect platelet aggregation. The role of metabolites of arachidonic acid, which may promote or inhibit platelet aggregation, awaits further description.

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