scholarly journals Long term methylphenidate exposure and growth in children and adolescents with ADHD. A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Carucci ◽  
Carla Balia ◽  
Antonella Gagliano ◽  
Angelico Lampis ◽  
Jan K. Buitelaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Relationship between exclusive breast feeding and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e023223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Berlanga-Macías ◽  
Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa ◽  
Celia Álvarez-Bueno ◽  
Jose Alberto Martínez-Hortelano ◽  
Miriam Garrido-Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding

IntroductionBreast feeding has been considered important due to its short-term and long-term benefits on infant and maternal health. Regarding the long-term benefits, the influence of exclusive breastfeeding on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) during childhood and adolescence has been studied, although with controversial conclusions. This study protocol aims to provide a clear and standardised procedure for systematically reviewing the relationship between breast feeding, in terms of duration and exclusivity, and CRF in children and adolescents.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis protocol is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. A literature search will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Observational studies regarding the association between breast feeding and CRF in children and adolescents written in English or Spanish will be included. A Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies and The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for longitudinal studies will be used for quality assessment of included studies. Standardised mean differences of CRF by exclusive breastfeeding categories will be calculated as the primary outcome. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression will be performed based on the sources of heterogeneity.Ethics and disseminationThis evidence-based systematic review will summarise the relevant information on the association of exclusive breast feeding and CRF in children and adolescents. The results will be disseminated by publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Given that the data used for this systematic review will be exclusively extracted from published studies, ethical approval will not be required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018082642.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Diabetes Type 1: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Dorando ◽  
Thomas Haak ◽  
Dawid Pieper
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Aim The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems on short- and long-term glycemic control in children and adolescents diagnosed with diabetes type 1. Methods The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019135152). We partly updated a formerly published systematic review and searched several databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Clinicaltrials.gov) in May 2019. Summary measures were estimated as relative risks (RR) and standardized mean differences (SMD). The primary endpoint of our analysis was frequency of hypoglycemic events. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Results Eleven studies with a total number of 818 patients were included in our review. Meta-analyses indicated a potential benefit of CGM systems regarding the relative risk of a severe hypoglycemic event (RR 0.78; 95% CI 0.29 to 2.04) and mean level of HbA1c at end of study (SMD -0.23; 95% CI -0.46 to 0.00). Certainty of evidence for effect estimates of these meta-analyses was low due to risk of selection bias and imprecision of the included studies. Qualitative analyses of the secondary outcomes of user satisfaction and long-term development of blood glucose supported these findings. Conclusion CGM systems may improve glycemic control in children and adolescents diagnosed with diabetes type 1, but the imprecision of effects is still a problem. Only a few studies examined and reported data for pediatric populations in sufficient detail. Further research is needed to clarify advantages and disadvantages of CGM systems in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Blood Pressure Among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Huang ◽  
Jingyuan Chen ◽  
Yiping Yang ◽  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Zhijun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Short Term

Background Previous studies have investigated the association of ambient air pollution with blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents, however, the results are not consistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the relationship between short‐term and long‐term ambient air pollutant exposure with BP values among children and adolescents. Methods and Results We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase before September 6, 2020. Two reviewers independently searched and selected studies, extracted data, and assessed study quality. The studies were divided into groups by composition of air pollutants (NO 2 , particulate matter (PM) with diameter ≤10 μm or ≤2.5 μm) and length of exposure. The beta regression coefficients (β) and their 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the strength of the effect with each 10 μg/m 3 increase in air pollutants. Out of 36 650 articles, 14 articles were included in this meta‐analysis. The meta‐analysis showed short‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.267; 95% CI, 0.033‒0.501) was significantly associated with elevated systolic BP values. In addition, long‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤2.5 μm (β=1.809; 95% CI, 0.962‒2.655), PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.526; 95% CI, 0.095‒0.958), and NO 2 (β=0.754; 95% CI, 0.541‒0.968) were associated with systolic BP values and long‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤2.5 μm (β=0.931; 95% CI, 0.157‒1.705), and PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.378; 95% CI, 0.022‒0.735) was associated with diastolic BP. Conclusions Our study indicates that both short‐term and long‐term exposure to some ambient air pollutants may increase BP values among children and adolescents.

Mechanical thrombectomy in pediatric stroke: systematic review, individual patient data meta-analysis, and case series

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Bhatia ◽  
Hans Kortman ◽  
Christopher Blair ◽  
Geoffrey Parker ◽  
David Brunacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neurological Outcomes

OBJECTIVEThe role of mechanical thrombectomy in pediatric acute ischemic stroke is uncertain, despite extensive evidence of benefit in adults. The existing literature consists of several recent small single-arm cohort studies, as well as multiple prior small case series and case reports. Published reports of pediatric cases have increased markedly since 2015, after the publication of the positive trials in adults. The recent AHA/ASA Scientific Statement on this issue was informed predominantly by pre-2015 case reports and identified several knowledge gaps, including how young a child may undergo thrombectomy. A repeat systematic review and meta-analysis is warranted to help guide therapeutic decisions and address gaps in knowledge.METHODSUsing PRISMA-IPD guidelines, the authors performed a systematic review of the literature from 1999 to April 2019 and individual patient data meta-analysis, with 2 independent reviewers. An additional series of 3 cases in adolescent males from one of the authors’ centers was also included. The primary outcomes were the rate of good long-term (mRS score 0–2 at final follow-up) and short-term (reduction in NIHSS score by ≥ 8 points or NIHSS score 0–1 at up to 24 hours post-thrombectomy) neurological outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke in patients < 18 years of age. The secondary outcome was the rate of successful angiographic recanalization (mTICI score 2b/3).RESULTSThe authors’ review yielded 113 cases of mechanical thrombectomy in 110 pediatric patients. Although complete follow-up data are not available for all patients, 87 of 96 (90.6%) had good long-term neurological outcomes (mRS score 0–2), 55 of 79 (69.6%) had good short-term neurological outcomes, and 86 of 98 (87.8%) had successful angiographic recanalization (mTICI score 2b/3). Death occurred in 2 patients and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in 1 patient. Sixteen published thrombectomy cases were identified in children < 5 years of age.CONCLUSIONSMechanical thrombectomy may be considered for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (ICA terminus, M1, basilar artery) in patients aged 1–18 years (Level C evidence; Class IIb recommendation). The existing evidence base is likely affected by selection and publication bias. A prospective multinational registry is recommended as the next investigative step.

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