White matter architecture rather than cortical surface area correlates with the EEG alpha rhythm

AbstractFully characterizing age differences in the brain is a key task for combatting ageing-related cognitive decline. Using propensity score matching on two independent, narrow-age cohorts, we used data on childhood cognitive ability, socioeconomic background, and intracranial volume to match participants at mean age 92 years (n = 42) to very similar participants at mean age 73 (n = 126). Examining a variety of global and regional structural neuroimaging variables, there were large differences in grey and white matter volumes, cortical surface area, cortical thickness, and white matter hyperintensity volume and spatial extent. In a mediation analysis, the total volume of white matter hyperintensities and total cortical surface area jointly mediated 24.9% of the relation between age and general cognitive ability (tissue volumes and cortical thickness were not significant mediators in this analysis). These findings provide an unusual and valuable perspective on neurostructural ageing, in which brains from the eighth and tenth decades of life differ widely despite the same cognitive, socio-economic, and brain-volumetric starting points.

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274. MIR137 Influences White Matter Fractional Anisotropy and Cortical Surface Area in Individuals with High Genetic Risk for Psychosis

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.02.288 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 81 (10) ◽

pp. S112-S113

Author(s):

Bob Vogel ◽

Tristram Lett ◽

Susanne Erk ◽

Sebastian Mohnke ◽

Carolin Wackerhagen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Surface Area ◽

Fractional Anisotropy ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Cortical Surface Area ◽

High Genetic Risk

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Asymmetry Map of Human Brain in Young Adults

10.1101/2020.12.03.409805 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Malekzadeh ◽

Alireza Kashani

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Human Brain ◽

Surface Area ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Cortical Surface Area ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Cortical Regions

AbstractAlthough, asymmetry is a central organizational aspect of human brain, it has not been clearly described yet. Here, we have studied structural brain asymmetry in 1113 young adults using data obtained from Human Connectome Project. A significant rightward asymmetry in mean global cerebral cortical thickness, surface area and gray matter volume as well as volumes of cerebral white matter, cerebellar cortex and white matter, hippocampus, putamen, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens and amygdala was observed. Thalamus showed a leftward asymmetry. Regionally, most cerebral cortical regions show a significant rightward asymmetry in thickness. However, cortical surface area and gray matter volume are more evenly distributed between two hemispheres with almost half of the regions showing a leftward asymmetry. In addition, a strong correlation between cortical surface area and gray matter volume as well as their asymmetry indices was noted which results in concordant asymmetry patterns between cortical surface area and gray matter volume in most cortical regions.

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The influence of MIR137 on white matter fractional anisotropy and cortical surface area in individuals with familial risk for psychosis

Schizophrenia Research ◽

10.1016/j.schres.2017.09.030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 195 ◽

pp. 190-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bob O. Vogel ◽

Tristram A. Lett ◽

Susanne Erk ◽

Sebastian Mohnke ◽

Carolin Wackerhagen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Surface Area ◽

Fractional Anisotropy ◽

Familial Risk ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Cortical Surface Area

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Cortical thickness, cortical surface area and subcortical volumes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients with cannabis use

10.26226/morressier.5971be84d462b80290b52671 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Cecilie Bhandari Hartberg

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Surface Area ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Cortical Surface Area ◽

Subcortical Volumes

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General Psychopathology, Cognition, and the Cerebral Cortex in 10-Year-Old Children: Insights From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnhum.2021.781554 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Yash Patel ◽

Nadine Parker ◽

Giovanni A. Salum ◽

Zdenka Pausova ◽

Tomáš Paus

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Cognitive Development ◽

Surface Area ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

General Psychopathology ◽

Cortical Surface Area ◽

Neurite Density ◽

The Relationship ◽

Strength Of Association

General psychopathology and cognition are likely to have a bidirectional influence on each other. Yet, the relationship between brain structure, psychopathology, and cognition remains unclear. This brief report investigates the association between structural properties of the cerebral cortex [surface area, cortical thickness, intracortical myelination indexed by the T1w/T2w ratio, and neurite density assessed by restriction spectrum imaging (RSI)] with general psychopathology and cognition in a sample of children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Higher levels of psychopathology and lower levels of cognitive ability were associated with a smaller cortical surface area. Inter-regionally—across the cerebral cortex—the strength of association between an area and psychopathology is strongly correlated with the strength of association between an area and cognition. Taken together, structural deviations particularly observed in the cortical surface area influence both psychopathology and cognition.

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Cognitive and brain development is independently influenced by socioeconomic status and polygenic scores for educational attainment

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.2001228117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 117 (22) ◽

pp. 12411-12418 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicholas Judd ◽

Bruno Sauce ◽

John Wiedenhoeft ◽

Jeshua Tromp ◽

Bader Chaarani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Educational Attainment ◽

Brain Development ◽

Surface Area ◽

Brain Structure ◽

Parental Education ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Cortical Surface Area ◽

Regional Association ◽

Polygenic Scores

Genetic factors and socioeconomic status (SES) inequalities play a large role in educational attainment, and both have been associated with variations in brain structure and cognition. However, genetics and SES are correlated, and no prior study has assessed their neural associations independently. Here we used a polygenic score for educational attainment (EduYears-PGS), as well as SES, in a longitudinal study of 551 adolescents to tease apart genetic and environmental associations with brain development and cognition. Subjects received a structural MRI scan at ages 14 and 19. At both time points, they performed three working memory (WM) tasks. SES and EduYears-PGS were correlated (r= 0.27) and had both common and independent associations with brain structure and cognition. Specifically, lower SES was related to less total cortical surface area and lower WM. EduYears-PGS was also related to total cortical surface area, but in addition had a regional association with surface area in the right parietal lobe, a region related to nonverbal cognitive functions, including mathematics, spatial cognition, and WM. SES, but not EduYears-PGS, was related to a change in total cortical surface area from age 14 to 19. This study demonstrates a regional association of EduYears-PGS and the independent prediction of SES with cognitive function and brain development. It suggests that the SES inequalities, in particular parental education, are related to global aspects of cortical development, and exert a persistent influence on brain development during adolescence.

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Tonotopic and functional organization in the auditory cortex of the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1988 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 70 (5) ◽

pp. 1988-2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

S. P. Dear ◽

J. Fritz ◽

T. Haresign ◽

M. Ferragamo ◽

J. A. Simmons

Keyword(s):

Auditory Cortex ◽

Surface Area ◽

Cortical Neurons ◽

Functional Organization ◽

Primary Auditory Cortex ◽

Target Range ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Behavioral Experiments ◽

Cortical Surface Area ◽

Harmonic Ratio

1. In Eptesicus the auditory cortex, as defined by electrical activity recorded from microelectrodes in response to tone bursts, FM sweeps, and combinations of FM sweeps, encompasses an average cortical surface area of 5.7 mm2. This area is large with respect to the total cortical surface area and reflects the importance of auditory processing to this species of bat. 2. The predominant pattern of organization in response to tone bursts observed in each cortex is tonotopic, with three discernible divisions revealed by our data. However, although cortical best-frequency (BF) maps from most of the individual bats are similar, no two maps are identical. The largest division contains an average of 84% of the auditory cortical surface area, with BF tonotopically mapped from high to low along the anteroposterior axis and is part of the primary auditory cortex. The medium division encompasses an average of 13% of the auditory cortical surface area, with highly variable BF organization across bats. The third region is the smallest, with an average of only 3% of auditory cortical surface area and is located at the anterolateral edge of the cortex. This region is marked by a reversal of the tonotopic axis and a restriction in the range of BFs as compared with the larger, tonotopically organized division. 3. A population of cortical neurons was found (n = 39) in which each neuron exhibited two BF threshold minima (BF1 and BF2) in response to tone bursts. These neurons thus have multipeaked frequency threshold tuning curves. In Eptesicus the majority of multipeaked frequency-tuned neurons (n = 27) have threshold minima at frequencies that correspond to a harmonic ratio of three-to-one. In contrast, the majority of multipeaked neurons in cats have threshold minima at frequencies in a ratio of three-to-two. A three-to-one harmonic ratio corresponds to the "spectral notches" produced by interference between overlapping echoes from multiple reflective surfaces in complex sonar targets. Behavioral experiments have demonstrated the ability of Eptesicus to use spectral interference notches for perceiving target shape, and this subpopulation of multipeaked frequency-tuned neurons may be involved in coding of spectral notches. 4. The auditory cortex contains delay-tuned neurons that encode target range (n = 99). Most delay-tuned neurons respond poorly to tones or individual FM sweeps and require combinations of FM sweeps. They are combination sensitive and delay tuned.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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