scholarly journals Brain grey and white matter predictors of verbal ability traits in older age: The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

NeuroImage ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 394-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hoffman ◽  
Simon R. Cox ◽  
Dominika Dykiert ◽  
Susana Muñoz Maniega ◽  
Maria C. Valdés Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort

Serum cholesterol and cognitive functions: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janie Corley ◽  
John M. Starr ◽  
Ian J. Deary
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort ◽  
Statin Use

ABSTRACTBackground:We examined the associations between serum cholesterol measures, statin use, and cognitive function measured in childhood and in old age. The possibility that lifelong (trait) cognitive ability accounts for any cross-sectional associations between cholesterol and cognitive performance in older age, seen in observational studies, has not been tested to date.Methods:Participants were 1,043 men and women from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 Study, most of whom had participated in a nationwide IQ-type test in childhood (Scottish Mental Survey of 1947), and were followed up at about age 70 years. Serum cholesterol measures included total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, and cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratio. Cognitive outcome measures were age 70 IQ (using the same test as at age 11 years), general cognitive ability (g), processing speed, memory, and verbal ability.Results:Higher TC, higher HDL-C, and lower triglycerides were associated with higher age 70 cognitive scores in most cognitive domains. These relationships were no longer significant after covarying for childhood IQ, with the exception a markedly attenuated association between TC and processing speed, and triglycerides and age 70 IQ. In the fully adjusted model, all conventionally significant (p < 0.05) effects were removed. Childhood IQ predicted statin use in old age. Statin users had lower g, processing speed, and verbal ability scores at age 70 years after covarying for childhood IQ, but significance was lost after adjusting for TC levels.Conclusions:These results suggest that serum cholesterol and cognitive function are associated in older age via the lifelong stable trait of intelligence. Potential mechanisms, including lifestyle factors, are discussed.

scholarly journals Neuroticism, depressive symptoms and white-matter integrity in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. McIntosh ◽  
M. E. Bastin ◽  
M. Luciano ◽  
S. Muñoz Maniega ◽  
M. del C.Valdés Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

BackgroundClinical depression is associated with reductions in white-matter integrity in several long tracts of the brain. The extent to which these findings are localized or related to depressive symptoms or personality traits linked to disease risk remains unclear.MethodMembers of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC936) were assessed in two waves at mean ages of 70 and 73 years. At wave 1, they underwent assessments of depressive symptoms and the personality traits of neuroticism and extraversion. Brain diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained at the second wave and mood assessments were repeated. We tested whether depressive symptoms were related to reduced white-matter tract fractional anisotropy (FA), a measure of integrity, and then examined whether high neuroticism or low extraversion mediated this relationship.ResultsSix hundred and sixty-eight participants provided useable data. Bilateral uncinate fasciculus FA was significantly negatively associated with depressive symptoms at both waves (standardized β=0.12–0.16). Higher neuroticism and lower extraversion were also significantly associated with lower uncinate FA bilaterally (standardized β=0.09–0.15) and significantly mediated the relationship between FA and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsTrait liability to depression and depressive symptoms are associated with reduced structural connectivity in tracts connecting the prefrontal cortex with the amygdala and anterior temporal cortex. These effects suggest that frontotemporal disconnection is linked to the etiology of depression, in part through personality trait differences.

Brain atrophy associations with white matter lesions in the ageing brain: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1084-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin S. Aribisala ◽  
Maria C. Valdés Hernández ◽  
Natalie A. Royle ◽  
Zoe Morris ◽  
Susana Muñoz Maniega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort ◽  
Ageing Brain

ADRB2, brain white matter integrity and cognitive ageing in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Lyall ◽  
Lorna M. Lopez ◽  
Mark E. Bastin ◽  
Susana Muñoz Maniega ◽  
Lars Penke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Cognitive Ageing ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort

scholarly journals Cross-sectional associations between personality traits and device-based measures of step count and sedentary behaviour in older age: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Čukić ◽  
◽  
Catharine R. Gale ◽  
Sebastien F. M. Chastin ◽  
Philippa M. Dall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort ◽  
Rate Test

Abstract Background While the associations between personality traits and self-reported physical activity are well replicated, few studies have examined the associations between personality and device-based measures of both physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary behaviour are known risk factors for poorer health outcomes in older age. Methods We used device-based measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviour recorded over 7 days in 271 79-year-old participants of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Linear regression models were used to assess whether personality traits were cross-sectionally associated with step count, sedentary time, and the number of sit-to-stand transitions. Personality traits were entered one at a time, and all-together, controlling for age and sex in Model 1 and additionally for BMI and limiting long-term illness in Model 2. Results None of the associations between personality traits and measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviours remained significant after controlling for multiple-comparisons using the False Discovery Rate test (all ps > .07). Conclusions We found no evidence that personality traits are associated with device-based measures of physical activity or sedentary behaviour in older age. More studies are needed to replicate and examine the nature of these relationships.

scholarly journals Brain white matter integrity and cortisol in older men: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon R. Cox ◽  
Mark E. Bastin ◽  
Karen J. Ferguson ◽  
Susana Muñoz Maniega ◽  
Sarah E. MacPherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Older Men ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and trajectories of global and domain-specific cognitive decline in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Janie Corley ◽  
Ian J. Deary
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort

Abstract Healthy dietary patterns may protect against age-related cognitive decline but results of studies have been inconsistent and few have had extensive longitudinal follow-up with comprehensive cognitive testing. The aim of the present study was to determine associations of dietary patterns with trajectories of global and domain-specific cognitive change over a 12-year period. Data from 863 community-dwelling, dementia-free participants from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 study of ageing completed a food frequency questionnaire at baseline (aged 70) and underwent cognitive testing at baseline, age 73, 76, 79, and 82. Composite cognitive scores were constructed for four cognitive domains (visuospatial ability, processing speed, memory, and verbal ability) and global cognitive function. A Mediterranean-style pattern and a traditional pattern were derived using principal component analysis of self-reported dietary intakes. In fully-adjusted latent growth curve models, higher baseline adherence to the Mediterranean-style dietary pattern (β = 0.056, P = 0.009) and lower baseline adherence to the traditional dietary pattern (β = -0.087, P < 0.001) were cross-sectionally associated with better verbal ability. A slightly steeper decline in verbal ability over 12 years was observed in those with higher Mediterranean-style diet scores at baseline (β = -0.003, P = 0.008). All other associations were non-significant. Our findings in this well-characterised Scottish cohort indicate that adherence to a healthy Mediterranean-style diet is associated cross-sectionally with better verbal (crystallised) ability, with the converse being true for the traditional diet. A healthier baseline diet did not predict a reduced risk of global or domain-specific cognitive decline.

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