scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Organization of the Individual Human Cerebellum

Neuron ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-993.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Marek ◽  
Joshua S. Siegel ◽  
Evan M. Gordon ◽  
Ryan V. Raut ◽  
Caterina Gratton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Human Cerebellum ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Spatial and Temporal Organization of the Individual Human Cerebellum

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Marek ◽  
Joshua S. Siegel ◽  
Evan M. Gordon ◽  
Ryan V. Raut ◽  
Caterina Gratton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Human Cerebellum ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Organizing Things in Dickens

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Auyoung
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Bleak House ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
Concrete Objects ◽  
Comprehension Process ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

This chapter demonstrates how the organization of narrative information can shape a reader’s impression of what is represented. It focuses on two ways in which concrete objects are arranged in Charles Dickens’s Bleak House: as specific members of general categories and as part of causally connected narrative structures. Dickens relies on these representational strategies to capture a scale of reality no longer suited to the individual human body. In doing so, he also reveals that the realist novel’s conventional commitment to individual experience at the scale of concrete particulars reflects constraints on the comprehension process.

History: changing the forms or forming the changes?

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVEND ERIK LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Vitruvian Man ◽  
Human Responsibility ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Change in European cultural history has, for a long period, been discussed through two interrelated notions, that of science and that of history. This paper traces the various stages of this discussion from Antiquity to the present day from the point of view of history. Two reoccurring and paradigmatic characters of mythological descent, Odysseus and Prometheus, illustrate how history as a realm for human responsibility and future planning has established itself as a specific European construct, with the 18th century as its final breakthrough in practical and ideological terms. A close analysis of Leonardo da Vinci's drawing the Vitruvian Man, in statu nascendi, shows how the individual human being carrying the obligations and the promises of this history, is envisioned. The final remarks underline the importance of scientific knowledge in the concrete shaping of this responsibility and a plea for an increased cooperation across the disciplines.

scholarly journals In the Absence of the Rule of Law: Everyday Lawyering, Dignity and Resistance in Myanmar’s ‘Disciplined Democracy’

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-599
Author(s):  
Alex Batesmith ◽  
Jake Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
State Power ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Material Support ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

This article explores how ‘everyday’ lawyers undertaking routine criminal defence cases navigate an authoritarian legal system. Based on original fieldwork in the ‘disciplined democracy’ of Myanmar, the article examines how hegemonic state power and a functional absence of the rule of law have created a culture of passivity among ordinary practitioners. ‘Everyday’ lawyers are nevertheless able to uphold their clients’ dignity by practical and material support for the individual human experience – and in so doing, subtly resist, evade or disrupt state power. The article draws upon the literature on the sociology of lawyering and resistance, arguing for a multilayered understanding of dignity going beyond lawyers’ contributions to their clients’ legal autonomy. Focusing on dignity provides an alternative perspective to the otherwise often all-consuming rule of law discourse. In authoritarian legal systems, enhancing their clients’ dignity beyond legal autonomy may be the only meaningful contribution that ‘everyday’ lawyers can make.

Herbert Mac Cabe’s Philosophical Anthropology

Politeia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-260
Author(s):  
Franco Manni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
External World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Language System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Individual Human

From the ideas of Aristotle, De Saussure and Wittgenstein, philosopher Herbert McCabe elaborated an original anthropology. 'Meaning' means: the role played by a part towards the whole. Senses are bodily organs and sensations allow an animal to get fragments of the external world which become 'meaningful' for the behaviour of the whole animal Besides sensations, humans are ‘linguistic animals’ because through words they are able to 'communicate', that is, to share a peculiar kind of meanings: concepts. Whereas, sense-images are stored physically in our brain and cannot be shared, even though we can relate to sense-images by words (speech coincides with thought). However, concepts do not belong to the individual human being qua individual, but to an interpersonal entity: the language system. Therefore, on the one hand, to store images is a sense-power and an operation of the brain, whereas the brain (quite paradoxically!) is not in itself the organ of thought. On the other hand, concepts do not exist on their own.

The Inactivation by Carbenoxolone of Individual Human Pepsinogens and Pepsins

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Roberts ◽  
W. H. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Peptic Activity ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Gastric Lumen ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Active Centres ◽  
Individual Human

1. Carbenoxolone, in suspension at pH 4·0, inhibits swine pepsin A, and human pepsins 1, 3 and 5. Human pepsin 5 is the most readily inhibited, and human pepsin 1 the least. 2. Inhibition occurs by a process which is time-dependent, temperature-dependent and proportional to the quantity of carbenoxolone suspended. 3. Carbenoxolone, in solution at pH 7·4 and pH 8·0, inhibits the activation of the total pepsinogens of human gastric mucosal extracts and of the individual pepsinogens 1, 3 and 5. Pepsinogen 1 was the most readily inhibited, pepsinogen 5 the least. 4. Chymotrypsin was readily inhibited by carbenoxolone at pH 7·4 and 8·0. Trypsin was not inhibited at pH 7·4 but was inhibited, relatively weakly, at pH 8·0. Pronase was weakly inhibited at pH 7·4 and 8·0 but papain was weakly activated. 5. Carbenoxolone is therefore not a general enzyme inhibitor but shows specificity for enzymes (pepsins and chymotrypsin) which split proteins at the same bonds, rather than for enzymes with similar active centres (chymotrypsin and trypsin). 6. The results suggest that, in vivo, carbenoxolone might diminish peptic activity in three ways: by inactivating pepsinogens irreversibly in the mucosal cells or at some point before their activation to pepsins; by inhibiting pepsins irreversibly in the gastric lumen; and by binding pepsins in the lumen without destroying their activity but decreasing their effective concentration. 7. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that pepsins, and pepsin 1 particularly, are factors in the aetiology of peptic ulcer.

Are There Philosophical Reasons To Promote Gifted Education

1998 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Santos Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Gifted Education ◽  
Good Will ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Despite the historical recognition of the importance of the development of individual human potentialities for the group, gifted individuals have not been treated equally. Three reasons are analyzed: (a) the primacy given to institutions over the individual, except those particular cases in which the individual is identified with the institution itself, or invested with the power of one institution; (b) the lack of recognition of the particular needs of gifted individuals; and (c) the assumption of egalitarian ideals inside specific societies. Despite arguments to the contrary, gifted education will be defended. Gifted individuals have special needs. I assume that Hope and Good Will provide enough justification for this public human task.

Ethical Individualism, Natural Law, and the Primacy of Natural Rights

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-69
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Den Uyl ◽  
Douglas B. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Natural Rights ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Ethical Concept ◽  
Moral World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Whether or not Strauss's observation is historically accurate, it does suggest two sets of questions for philosophical examination. (1) Is Strauss correct to view natural duties and natural rights as the same type of ethical concept? Do they serve the same function? Do they work on the same level, and are they necessarily in competition with each other? (2) Does saying that the individual human being is the center of the moral world require that one reject the idea of a human end, or telos? Does accepting the ethical centrality of a human telos require that one reject ethical individualism? Are they mutually exclusive?

Implementation of UN Treaty Body Decisions: A Brief Insight for Practitioners

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Kate Fox Principi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
Treaty Body ◽  
Human Rights Norms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Do So ◽  
Individual Human

Abstract The United Nations human rights treaty bodies are independent bodies of experts tasked with monitoring the implementation by states parties of human rights treaties. These bodies monitor the implementation of treaties, inter alia, by making decisions on allegations of individual human rights violations under the individual complaints procedures (these decisions are officially referred to as ‘Views’). The number of complaints to the treaty bodies has increased exponentially since the first complaint was examined by the Human Rights Committee in 1977 and is expected to continue to rise. At the same time, a backlog in cases has increased, as resources have never matched the rise in cases to be considered. In addition, decisions in which the treaty bodies find violations of human rights are not always implemented—that is, states do not necessarily grant the victim of the violation the remedy prescribed by the treaty body examining the case. This current situation is taking place against a global backdrop of increased criticism of human rights: a global pushback against human rights, including from states which have been heretofore human rights supportive. Surely, the response from supporters of human rights should be to reinforce the importance and universality of the treaties as the foundation of human rights norms. This article seeks to demonstrate one way to do so by focusing on implementation of treaty body decisions in individual cases.

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