Design and test of a graphite target system for in-flight fragment separator

2014 ◽  
Vol 752 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Hong ◽  
J.H. Kim ◽  
M.J. Kim ◽  
J.S. Song ◽  
J.W. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Target System ◽  
Graphite Target ◽  
Fragment Separator

scholarly journals Simulations of a solid graphite target for high intensity fast extracted uranium beams for the Super-FRS

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Tahir ◽  
H. Weick ◽  
A. Shutov ◽  
V. Kim ◽  
A. Matveichev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Focal Spot ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Secondary Beam ◽  
Graphite Target ◽  
Fragment Separator ◽  
Super Conducting ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Uranium Beam ◽  
Production Target

AbstractExtensive numerical simulations have been carried out to design a viable solid graphite wheel shaped production target for the super conducting fragment separator experiments (Super-FRS) at the future Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR) using an intense uranium beam. In this study, generation, propagation and decay of deviatoric stress waves induced by the beam in the target, have been investigated. Maximum beam intensities that the target can tolerate using different focal spot sizes that are determined by requirements of good isotope resolution and transmission of the secondary beam through the fragment separator, have been calculated. It has been reported elsewhere that the tensile strength of graphite significantly increases with temperature. To take advantage of this effect, calculations have also been done in which the target is preheated to a higher temperature, that in practice can be achieved, for example, by irradiating the target with a defocused ion beam before the experiments are performed. We report results of a few examples using an initial temperature of 2000 K. This study has shown that employing such a configuration, one may use a solid graphite production target even for the maximum intensity of the uranium beam (5 × 1011ion per bunch) at the Super-FRS.

scholarly journals Three–dimensional simulations of a solid graphite target for high intensity fast extracted uranium beams for the Super–FRS

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Tahir ◽  
A. Matveichev ◽  
V. Kim ◽  
A. Ostrik ◽  
A. Shutov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Graphite Target ◽  
Fragment Separator ◽  
Hydrodynamic Response ◽  
Super Conducting ◽  
Computer Codes ◽  
Uranium Beam

AbstractThis paper presents three–dimensional numerical simulations of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response of a wheel shaped solid graphite production target for the super conducting fragment separator (Super–FRS) that is irradiated with a fast extracted high intensity uranium beam. These fragment separator experiments will be carried out at the future Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR), at Darmstadt. Previously, we reported simulation results that were carried out using two–dimensional computer codes which showed that one can use a solid graphite target for the Super-FRS for the highest intensity (5 × 1011ions per spill) of the fast extracted uranium beam. Present results, however, have shown that due to three–dimensional effects the maximum intensity that can be used with such a target is 3 × 1011ions per spill. A detailed comparison between two–dimensional and three–dimensional results is presented in this paper.

Towards Systematization

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Reichertz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Target System ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
System Construction ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Methodology Development ◽  
Planning Development

Data processing has become an important tool in theoretical and clinical medicine. The main categories of applications are : information analysis, (bio)signal processing and the field of information logistics (information systems).The problems encountered lie in the discrepancy of the basic methods of a formal approach to an empirical science, the complexity of the target system and the system ecology, i.e. the involvement of the user and the system environment during system construction and utilization.Possible solutions to these problems are the application of system techniques, inductive planning, development of medical methodology, development of methods and techniques for user involvement and assessment of motivation and education and educational planning.The necessary general strategy in the development in medical informatics is seen in the continuing systematization of the theoretical and practical approach. It is estimated that this will eventually contribute to the systematization of medical science and practice.

The Energy of the Electrostatic Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Igor’ P. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Field ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Electrostatic Energy ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Target System ◽  
Mathematical Form ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Maximum Work

The work is actual due to the increased role of electrostatic energy in connection with the beginning of mass production of ionistors used in the power supply system of electric vehicles, and the need for the development of theoretical support. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in increasing the correctness of electrostatic calculations that exclude the possibility of obtaining unreliable results in the form of infinite electrostatic energy. (Materials and methods) Authors have used methods of mathematical modeling and analysis, studied the mathematical model as the equivalent of an object that reflects in mathematical form its most important properties, such as the laws that it obeys, and the relationships inherent in its constituent parts. (Results and discussion) Authors have studied the electrostatic field created by a system of two charges of the same name or different names. The article presents calculations for charges located in bodies that have the shape of balls. It was found that the results could be generalized to any form of charged objects. They gave three definitions: first, the total stored energy is the energy of the system or object, equal to the maximum work that the system or object can do if it is given such an opportunity. Second, the conditional realized stored energy is a part of the total stored energy of the system or object, equal to the work that the system or object can produce, limited by a condition that excludes the possibility of the system or object performing the maximum work that the system or object can hypothetically perform. The third is a conditional impossible reserved energy as a part of a complete stored energy system or an object that is equal to the work system or object can do and limited by the condition, which excludes the possibility of making a system or object maximum work that target system or object could hypothetically do. Five theorems were proved. (Conclusions) It was found that the main drawback of the actual potential energy formula is an infinitely large increase in energy at radius tending to 0. The obtained formulas for stored electrostatic energy are devoid of this drawback.

Potential of a new laser target system for percutaneous CT-guided nerve blocks: technical note

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 838-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Krombach ◽  
T. Schmitz-Rode ◽  
B. B. Wein ◽  
J. Meyer ◽  
J. E. Wildberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Note ◽  
Target System ◽  
Nerve Blocks ◽  
Laser Target ◽  
Ct Guided

scholarly journals A Novel Dynamic Method in Distributed Network Attack-Defense Game

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Xiaojian ◽  
Yuan Yuyu
Keyword(s):  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Dynamic Method ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Target System ◽  
Distributed Network ◽  
Network Attack

We analyze the distributed network attack-defense game scenarios, and we find that attackers and defenders have different information acquisition abilities since the ownership of the target system. Correspondingly, they will have different initiative and reaction in the game. Based on that, we propose a novel dynamic game method for distributed network attack-defense game. The method takes advantage of defenders’ information superiority and attackers’ imitation behaviors and induces attackers’ reaction evolutionary process in the game to gain more defense payoffs. Experiments show that our method can achieve relatively more average defense payoffs than previous work.

Fault-Tolerant Strategy for Real-Time System Based on Evolvable Hardware

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1750111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Jiwei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Evolvable Hardware ◽  
Target System ◽  
Time System ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
Fault Tolerant System

The evolvable hardware (EHW) is widely used in the design of fault-tolerant system. Fault-tolerant system is really a real-time system, and the recovery time is necessary in fault detection and recovery. However, when applying EHW, real-time characteristic is usually ignored. In this paper, a fault-tolerant strategy based on EHW is proposed. The recovery time, predicted by the fault tree analysis (FTA), is considered as a constraint condition. A configuration library is set up in the design phase to accelerate the repair process of the anticipated faults. An evolvable algorithm (EA) based on similarity is applied to evolve the repair circuit for the unanticipated faults. When the library reaches the upper, the target system is reconfigured by the EA-repair technology. Extensive experiments are conducted to show that our method can improve the fault-tolerance of the system while satisfying the real-time requirement on FPGA platform. In a long run system, our method can keep a higher fault recovery rate.

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