l-Threonine improves intestinal mucin synthesis and immune function of intrauterine growth–retarded weanling piglets

The aims of the present study were to determine whether dietary supplementation with N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) and rumen-protected l-arginine (RP-Arg) to underfed Hu sheep would improve fetal thymus development and immune function. From Day 35 to Day 110 of gestation, 32 Hu ewes carrying twin fetuses were randomly allocated to one of four groups (n = 8 per group): 100% National Research Council (NRC)-recommended nutrient requirements (CON), 50% NRC recommendations (RES), 50% NRC recommendations supplemented with 20 g day−1 RP-Arg (RES+ARG), and 50% NRC recommendations supplemented with 5 g day−1 NCG (RES+NCG). Medullary thickness was increased (P < 0.05) in RES compared with CON ewes, but was reduced (P < 0.05) in both RES+ARG and RES+NCG ewes compared with RES ewes. There were no differences in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity or malondialdehyde levels in the RES+ARG and RES+NCG groups compared with the CON group (P > 0.05). Concentrations of IgA, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 in fetal umbilical cord blood were reduced (P < 0.05) in RES compared with CON ewes, but were increased (P < 0.05) in both RES+ARG and RES+NCG ewes. Expression of Bax, Fas and p53 mRNA was increased (P < 0.05) in RES compared with CON ewes, but were reduced (P > 0.05) in both RES+ARG and RES+NCG ewes. These results indicate that dietary supplementation with NCG and RP-Arg could help alleviate the negative effects of intrauterine growth restriction on fetal thymus development and immune function.

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Impaired Intestinal Mucin Synthesis and Bicarbonate Secretion in NHE8KO Mice

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(11)62737-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 140 (5) ◽

pp. S-660

Author(s):

Hua Xu ◽

Bo Zhang ◽

Jing Li ◽

Chunhui Wang ◽

Huacong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bicarbonate Secretion ◽

Mucin Synthesis ◽

Intestinal Mucin

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Dietary Threonine Restriction Specifically Reduces Intestinal Mucin Synthesis in Rats

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/135.3.486 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 135 (3) ◽

pp. 486-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

Magali Faure ◽

Denis Moënnoz ◽

Franck Montigon ◽

Christine Mettraux ◽

Denis Breuillé ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mucin Synthesis ◽

Intestinal Mucin

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Immune function in intrauterine growth retardation

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/s0271-5317(84)80101-3 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 399-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Charlotte G. Neumann ◽

E. Richard Stiehm ◽

John Zahradnick ◽

Carter Newton ◽

Hans Weber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Function ◽

Growth Retardation ◽

Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽

Intrauterine Growth

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Effects of medium-chain triglycerides on intestinal morphology and energy metabolism of intrauterine growth retarded weanling piglets

Archives of Animal Nutrition ◽

10.1080/1745039x.2017.1312812 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 231-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Li-Li Zhang ◽

Hao Zhang ◽

Yue Li ◽

Tian Wang

Keyword(s):

Energy Metabolism ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Medium Chain Triglycerides ◽

Medium Chain ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Weanling Piglets

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Pterostilbene attenuates liver injury and oxidative stress in intrauterine growth–retarded weanling piglets

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2020.110940 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 81 ◽

pp. 110940 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hao Zhang ◽

Yanan Chen ◽

Yueping Chen ◽

Shuli Ji ◽

Peilu Jia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Weanling Piglets ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Effects of supplemental β-carotene on growth performance, immune function and intestinal mucin in weaned piglets

10.21203/rs.3.rs-18500/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wuying Lang ◽

Haizhou Gong ◽

Ruonan Li ◽

Min Wu ◽

Qianran Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Function ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Dose Group ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Weaned Piglets ◽

Intestinal Mucin ◽

Intestinal Immune System ◽

Β Carotene

Abstract Background Weaning stress causes intestinal immune system disorders. β-carotene displays anti-inflammatory,which can prevent the development of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplemental β-carotene on growth performance, immune function and intestinal mucin in weaned piglets.Results A total of 45 piglets with the average body weight of 4.62 ± 0.06 kg (14 d of age) were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with 5 replicate pens per treatment and 3 pigs per pen and weaned at 21 d. The control group (CG) fed the basal diets from 14 d to 24 d of age. The low-dose group (LG) and the high-dose group (HG) fed the basal diets supplemented with 40 or 80 mg/kg β-carotene from 14 d to 24 d of age, respectively. Compared with the CG, t he average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of piglets in the HG were increased (p<0.05). And the IgA and IL-10 levels in serum in the HG were also higher than those in the CG (p<0.05). The IgM, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in serum in the β-carotene groups were lower than those in the CG (p<0.05). Periodic Acid-Schiff stain results showed that the content of mucopolysaccharide and the number of goblet cells in the intestine in the β-carotene groups were more than those in the CG (p<0.05). The results of immunofluorescence showed that the expression of MUC1 in the intestine in the β-carotene groups was lower than that in the CG (p<0.05). And the expression of mucin1 mRNA in the intestine in the β-carotene groups was also lower than that in the CG (p<0.05). However, compared with the CG, the expression of mucin2 mRNA in the intestine in the HG was increased (p<0.05).Conclusion Supplemental β-carotene could improve growth performance, immune function and intestinal mucin in weaned piglets. It is suspected that our pre-protection of β-carotene in weaned piglets may help weaned piglets safely through the weaning period.

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Resveratrol and its derivative pterostilbene ameliorate intestine injury in intrauterine growth-retarded weanling piglets by modulating redox status and gut microbiota

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1186/s40104-021-00589-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yanan Chen ◽

Hao Zhang ◽

Yueping Chen ◽

Peilu Jia ◽

Shuli Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Body Weight ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Nuclear Translocation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Redox Status ◽

Related Factor ◽

Villus Height ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Weanling Piglets

Abstract Background Intestinal disorder is an important factor contributing to growth lag and high rates of morbidity and mortality of piglets with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Resveratrol (RSV) and its derivative pterostilbene (PT) are natural stilbenes possessing various bioactivities, such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. This study compared the protective potential of RSV and PT on the intestinal redox status and gut microbiota in weanling piglets with IUGR. Methods Eighteen male piglets of normal body weight (NBW) and 54 same-sex IUGR piglets were chosen according to their birth and weaning weights. The NBW piglets accepted a basal diet, while the IUGR piglets were allotted to one of three groups according to their body weight at weaning and received a basal diet, an RSV-supplemented diet (300 mg/kg), or a PT-supplemented diet (300 mg/kg), respectively. Results Compared with IUGR piglets, both RSV and PT improved the IUGR-associated decrease in jejunal villus height and increases in plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate level and jejunal apoptosis of piglets (P < 0.05). Administering RSV and PT also enhanced jejunal superoxide dismutase activity and the mRNA and protein expression of superoxide dismutase 2 of IUGR piglets by promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation (P < 0.05). Comparatively, PT was more effective than RSV in elevating the villus height/crypt depth ratio and occludin mRNA and protein levels in the jejunum of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). PT was also superior to RSV in increasing Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibiting malondialdehyde accumulation in the jejunum of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Additionally, RSV modulated the composition of cecal microbiota of IUGR piglets, as evidenced by increasing the prevalence of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the genera Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, and Parabacteroides and inhibiting the growth of the phylum Proteobacteria and its genera Escherichia and Actinobacillus (P < 0.05). Moreover, RSV significantly increased the butyrate concentration in the cecum of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Conclusion PT is more potent than RSV to prevent intestinal oxidative stress, while RSV has a stronger capacity to regulate gut microbiota compared to PT.

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