Amino acid mixture acutely improves the glucose tolerance of healthy overweight adults

AbstractConsumption of high glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic response (GR) food such as white rice has been implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have reported the ability of individual amino acids to reduce GR of carbohydrate-rich foods. Because of the bitter flavour of amino acids, they have rarely been used to reduce GR. We now report the use of a palatable, preformed amino acid mixture in the form of essence of chicken. In all, sixteen healthy male Chinese were served 68 or 136 ml amino acid mixture together with rice, or 15 or 30 min before consumption of white rice. Postprandial blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations were measured at fasting and every 15 min after consumption of the meal until 60 min after the consumption of the white rice. Subsequent blood samples were taken at 30-min intervals until 210 min. The co-ingestion of 68 ml of amino acid mixture with white rice produced the best results in reducing the peak blood glucose and GR of white rice without increasing the insulinaemic response. It is postulated that amino acid mixtures prime β-cell insulin secretion and peripheral tissue uptake of glucose. The use of ready-to-drink amino acid mixtures may be a useful strategy for lowering the high-GI rice diets consumed in Asia.

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Urea Excretion in Adult Humans with Varying Degrees of Kidney Malfunction Fed Milk, Egg or an Amino Acid Mixture: Assessment of Nitrogen Balance

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/103.1.11 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 11-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Enrique Pedro Cottini ◽

Daniel Lino Gallina ◽

Jose Miguel Dominguez

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Amino Acid Mixture ◽

Acid Mixture ◽

Urea Excretion ◽

Adult Humans

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Olfactory Conditioning by Association with Histidine-Free or Balanced Amino Acid Loads in Rats†

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1080/14640747308400356 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 354-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

P. C. Simson ◽

D. A. Booth

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Food Intake ◽

Amino Acid Mixture ◽

Conditioned Aversion ◽

Acid Mixture ◽

Olfactory Conditioning ◽

Conditioned Preference ◽

Gastric Intubation ◽

Protein Free Diet

An histidine-devoid but otherwise balanced amino acid mixture depressed food intake from 2 hr after its gastric intubation. It induced conditioned aversion to an odour incorporated in a protein-free diet presented for 6 h following intubation. In other rats, a balanced amino acid mixture established conditioned preference for odour presented in the same diet for 6 h following intubation. The degree of preference was considerably less than the degree of aversion.

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Liver extract and its free amino acids equally stimulate gastric acid secretion

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1980.239.6.g493 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 239 (6) ◽

pp. G493-G496 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E. J. Feldman ◽

M. I. Grossman

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Acid Secretion ◽

Gastric Acid Secretion ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Liver Extract ◽

Amino Acid Mixture ◽

Acid Mixture

Using intragastric titration in dogs with gastric fistulas, dose-response studies were carried out with liver extract and with a mixture of amino acids that matched the free amino acids found in liver extract. All solutions were adjusted to pH 7.0 and osmolality to 290 mosmol x kg-1. Doses are expressed as the sum of the concentrations of all free amino acids. At each dose studied (free amino acid concentration: 2.8, 5.6, 11, 23, and 45 mM), acid secretion in response to the free amino acid mixture was not significantly different from that of liver extract. The peak response to both liver extract and the free amino acid mixture occurred with the 23-mM dose and represented about 60% of the maximal response to histamine. The serum concentrations of gastrin after liver extract and the amino acid mixture were not significantly different. It is concluded that in dogs with gastric fistula, gastric acid secretion and release of gastrin were not significantly different in response to liver extract and to a mixture of amino acids that simulated the free amino acid content of liver extract.

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