Olfactory Conditioning by Association with Histidine-Free or Balanced Amino Acid Loads in Rats†

1973 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Simson ◽  
D. A. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Conditioned Aversion ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Olfactory Conditioning ◽  
Conditioned Preference ◽  
Gastric Intubation ◽  
Protein Free Diet

An histidine-devoid but otherwise balanced amino acid mixture depressed food intake from 2 hr after its gastric intubation. It induced conditioned aversion to an odour incorporated in a protein-free diet presented for 6 h following intubation. In other rats, a balanced amino acid mixture established conditioned preference for odour presented in the same diet for 6 h following intubation. The degree of preference was considerably less than the degree of aversion.

Effect of amino acid imbalance on food intake and preference

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Sanahuja ◽  
Alfred E. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Imbalance ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Protein Free Diet

Effects of an amino acid imbalance, caused by adding 3.8% of an amino acid mixture lacking histidine to a diet containing 6% of beef fibrin, on the food intake and food preference of protein-depleted rats are described. After being depleted, animals fed the balanced or imbalanced diets ate equal amounts for 3 days, then both growth rate and food intake of those fed the imbalanced diet dropped. When protein-depleted rats were fed the balanced or imbalanced diet together with a protein-free diet, neither group ate the protein-free diet during the first 3 days. Thereafter, animals fed the imbalanced diet began to eat the protein-free diet in preference to the imbalanced diet, even though the latter would support growth and the former would not. Animals fed ad libitum the balanced diet or the imbalanced diet plus histidine did not eat the protein-free diet at all. These observations indicate that both food intake and food selection are influenced by the amino acid pattern of the diet.

Dissociation between plasma and brain amino acid profiles and short-term food intake in the rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (5) ◽  
pp. R1675-R1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Anderson ◽  
E. T. Li ◽  
S. P. Anthony ◽  
L. T. Ng ◽  
R. Bialik
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Egg Albumin ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Total Mixture ◽  
Brain Amino Acid

The relationship between plasma and brain amino acids and short-term food intake after administration of albumin, or its constituent amino acids, was examined. Rats given protein (0.85 g chicken egg albumin) or an amino acid mixture patterned after egg albumin reduced their food intake during 1 h of feeding beginning 30 min after gavage. Similarly, when given separately, the essential (EAA) and nonessential amino acid (NEAA) fractions of egg albumin caused comparable decreases in food intake. As the dose increased from 0.5 to 1.5 g the duration of anorexia prolonged to 12 h. Little change occurred in plasma amino acids at 30 and 60 min after albumin at 0.85 g, although many increased by 25-50% at 60 min after 1.5 g. Marked changes in plasma occurred after gavage with the total mixture of constituent free amino acids and after either EAA or NEAA fractions. Brain amino acid concentrations were little affected by albumin and did not show consistent changes after the amino acid treatments. Thus the reductions in food intake after ingestion of albumin or of its constituent amino acids were not predicted from the resulting changes in either plasma or brain concentrations of amino acids.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HYDROCHLORIDE-FREE AMINO ACID MIXTURE ON GROWTH AND FOOD INTAKE IN RATS

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-436
Author(s):  
Hiroshi ITOH ◽  
Tetsuya KISHI ◽  
Masahiro EMA ◽  
Ichiro CHIBATA
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture

Comparative Effects of Casein and Amino Acid Mixture Simulating Casein on Growth and Food Intake in Rats

1973 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 1709-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Itoh ◽  
Tesuya Kishi ◽  
Ichiro Chibata
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture

Digestibility and nutrient value of palmitoyl-L-lysine derivatives in weanling rats

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian A. Stephens ◽  
Margaret J. Veen-Baigent ◽  
Alenka Paquet ◽  
G. Harvey Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Nutrient Value ◽  
Weanling Rats

α-N,ε-N-Dipalmitoyl-L-lysine, α-N-monopalmitoyl-L-lysine, and ε-N-monopalmitoyl-L-lysine were compared with 18% casein and lysine HCl as sources of lysine in the diets of weanling rats. The lysine derivatives and lysine HCl were added to a basal diet containing 14.1% of an amino acid mixture with no lysine. Weight gain, food intake, plasma lysine, and urine and fecal lysine were determined. Animals fed the basal and lysine derivative diets lost weight over the 10-day study period. They had lower food intake, urine and plasma lysine content, and a higher fecal lysine content than animals fed the other diets. α-N-Monopalmitoyl-L-lysine was absorbed whereas the ε-N-monopalmitoyl-L-lysine and the α-N,ε-N-dipalmitoyl compounds were not.

Effect of dietary amino acid pattern on plasma amino acid pattern and food intake

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Sanahuja ◽  
Alfred E. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Plasma Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Imbalance

Effects of a dietary imbalance of amino acids on the plasma amino acid pattern of the protein-depleted rat are described. The amino acid imbalance was created by adding a mixture of indispensable amino acids lacking histidine to a diet in which the protein was provided by 6% of beef blood fibrin. The addition of this amino acid mixture was previously shown to cause depressions in growth and food intake. In the present study the depression in food intake was preceded by a fall in plasma histidine concentration and at the same time the concentrations of some of the other indispensable amino acids, especially threonine, began to rise. The ratios of several indispensable amino acids to histidine in the plasma were elevated when food intake was most severely depressed.

scholarly journals The rejection of a diet which has been associated with a single administration of an histidine -free amino acid mixture

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Simson ◽  
D. A. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Control Load ◽  
Protein Free Diet

1. A protein-free diet, to which an odour had been added, was offered to rats immediately after giving a gastric load of an histidine-free, but otherwise balanced, amino acid mixture. The same diet with a different odour was offered to the rats on another day, after administration of a control load of saline or a balanced amino acid mixture. After access to stock diet for 6 h of 1 d, the rats were offered two samples of protein-free diet, each with one of the two odours.2. The rate of consumption of odorized protein-free diet was depressed 2–4 h after administration of the histidine-free load. In the later preference test, the dietary sample with odour which had been offered after the deficient load was rejected in favour of the sample with the odour which had been offered after the control load.3. Rejection of the deficiency-paired odour in the final preference test did not occur when the histidine-free load had been given 2 h before the rats were first offered odorized diet. Also, there was in these instances no depression of rate of food consumption 2–4 h after loading. This indicated that aversive reactions to the odour were established by association of the odour with some effect of the histidine-free load which had occurred within 2 h of its administration, and that the early depression of intake and the much later rejection during choice were both expressions of these acquired reactions.4. This rapid conditioning of selective rejection did not depend on previous prolonged protein deprivation or on the use of immature rats but did depend upon an intermittent supply of amino acids during 3 d before conditioning. Subcutaneous injection of deficient amino acid mixture did not establish rejection, suggesting that conditioning depended on rapid delivery of the deficient mixture into the circulation.5. It is concluded that the critical biochemical events which lead to the rejection of diets that are imbalanced or deficient in essential amino acids occur soon after ingestion of the diet, and may have been effective in producing a conditioned aversion before any suppression of food intake appears. It is suggested that the depression of food consumption, which is the normal response to an imbalanced diet, is in this instance the result of conditioned response to sensory qualities of the diet rather than to the direct effect of biochemical stimuli.

An open-label, single-center pilot study to test the effects of an amino acid mixture in older patients admitted to internal medicine wards

Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 110588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Bellanti ◽  
Aurelio Lo Buglio ◽  
Elena Di Stasio ◽  
Giorgia di Bello ◽  
Rosanna Tamborra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Internal Medicine Wards

Choosing A Balanced Amino Acid Mixture

1970 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture

scholarly journals Effect of co-ingestion of amino acids with rice on glycaemic and insulinaemic response

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1845-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yean Yean Soong ◽  
Joseph Lim ◽  
Lijuan Sun ◽  
Christiani Jeyakumar Henry
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Amino Acid Mixtures

AbstractConsumption of high glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic response (GR) food such as white rice has been implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have reported the ability of individual amino acids to reduce GR of carbohydrate-rich foods. Because of the bitter flavour of amino acids, they have rarely been used to reduce GR. We now report the use of a palatable, preformed amino acid mixture in the form of essence of chicken. In all, sixteen healthy male Chinese were served 68 or 136 ml amino acid mixture together with rice, or 15 or 30 min before consumption of white rice. Postprandial blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations were measured at fasting and every 15 min after consumption of the meal until 60 min after the consumption of the white rice. Subsequent blood samples were taken at 30-min intervals until 210 min. The co-ingestion of 68 ml of amino acid mixture with white rice produced the best results in reducing the peak blood glucose and GR of white rice without increasing the insulinaemic response. It is postulated that amino acid mixtures prime β-cell insulin secretion and peripheral tissue uptake of glucose. The use of ready-to-drink amino acid mixtures may be a useful strategy for lowering the high-GI rice diets consumed in Asia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document