Matrix reloaded: CCN, tenascin and SIBLING group of matricellular proteins in orchestrating cancer hallmark capabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Thakur ◽  
Durga Prasad Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Matricellular Proteins ◽  
Sibling Group

Socialisation Tactics of the Spectacled Parrotlet (Forpus Conspicillatus)

Behaviour ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 119 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyra Garnetzke-Stollmann ◽  
Dierk Franck
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Pair Bonds ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The One ◽  
And Function ◽  
Sibling Group ◽  
Sibling Groups

AbstractSpectacled parrotlets live in a complex system of individual relationships throughout their lives. The adults form exclusive pair bonds, addressing all friendly and sexual behaviour patterns to each other. Pair mates cooperate in agonistic situations. As long as they stay close together they hold the same rank-order position. In mate-choice experiments females (not males) significantly preferred a mate which formerly held a high social position. There are also non-exclusive pair bonds, which are far less stable than exclusive ones. Only exclusive pairs have a good chance to occupy a breeding cavity. All group members are synchronized in many of their activities, such as foraging, preening or resting. They are keenly interested in unusual activities of other group members. Social learning, including copying sexual techniques, seems to be essential. After fledging the parents keep their offspring at a distance from a very early stage. Instead of a close parent-offspring relationship the fledglings form sibling groups with their nest mates. Over a period of months siblings remain the main interaction partners for all friendly and playful activities. They also support one another in agonistic situations. In the first months of life even courtship feeding and sexual behaviour are addressed predominantly to siblings. Thus a pair-like relationship is established between siblings, anticipating the permanent pair bond of adults. Single fledglings, deprived of the experience of a sibling group, remained poorly integrated into the group. They developed alternative socialisation tactics, namely (1) joining a host group of unrelated siblings, (2) renewing a friendly partnership with the parents, (3) helping to protect and feed younger siblings or even unrelated fledglings and (4) seeking early partnership with unrelated group members. Out of 10 single fledglings only the one that was accepted by a host sibling group immediately after fledging became well integrated into the whole group and reproduced well. It is argued that sibling groups offer good opportunities for learning partnership and function as a safe basis for exploring the social environment. It is tentatively proposed that single fledglings have a decreased probability of reproductive success.

Matricellular proteins in the trabecular meshwork

2009 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Rhee ◽  
Ramez I. Haddadin ◽  
Min Hyung Kang ◽  
Dong-Jin Oh
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Matricellular Proteins

scholarly journals COMBINATORIAL RECONSTRUCTION OF HALF-SIBLING GROUPS FROM MICROSATELLITE DATA

2010 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 337-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAAD I. SHEIKH ◽  
TANYA Y. BERGER-WOLF ◽  
ASHFAQ A. KHOKHAR ◽  
ISABEL C. CABALLERO ◽  
MARY V. ASHLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solutions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Microsatellite Data ◽  
Reconstruction Problem ◽  
Full Sibling ◽  
Synthetic Datasets ◽  
Sibling Group ◽  
Half Sibling ◽  
Sibling Groups

While full-sibling group reconstruction from microsatellite data is a well-studied problem, reconstruction of half-sibling groups is much less studied, theoretically challenging, and computationally demanding. In this paper, we present a formulation of the half-sibling reconstruction problem and prove its APX-hardness. We also present exact solutions for this formulation and develop heuristics. Using biological and synthetic datasets we present experimental results and compare them with the leading alternative software COLONY. We show that our results are competitive and allow half-sibling group reconstruction in the presence of polygamy, which is prevalent in nature.

Audiological Features and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence in a Large Family Carrying Mitochondrial A1555G Mutation without Use of Aminoglycoside

2005 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Matsunaga ◽  
Hiroshi Kumanomido ◽  
Yu-ichi Goto ◽  
Masae Shiroma ◽  
Shin-ichi Usami
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Japanese Family ◽  
A1555g Mutation ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Sibling Group

To elucidate the pathophysiological and genetic mechanisms of hearing loss associated with the homoplasmic mitochondrial A1555G mutation in the absence of aminoglycoside exposure, we conducted audiological and genetic analyses on 67 maternally related members of a large Japanese family carrying this mutation. A consistent pattern was evident in the audiograms, with features of sensory presbycusis, cochlear origin at all levels of hearing loss, and a high degree of vulnerability of outer hair cells. That the degree of hearing loss was similar in affected subjects within the same sibling group but differed between sibling groups suggests the involvement of nuclear modifier genes. Total mitochondrial DNA sequences were completely identical among subjects with various levels of hearing loss, and lacked additional pathogenic mutations. For the diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss, the mitochondrial A1555G mutation should be considered when these features are present even in the absence of aminoglycoside exposure.

scholarly journals Non-cell-autonomous promotion of pluripotency induction mediated by YAP

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaleah Hartman ◽  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Xinyue Chen ◽  
Anna E. Eastman ◽  
Cindy Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Matricellular Proteins ◽  
Fate Control ◽  
Promotional Effect ◽  
Cellular Context ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
Cell Fate Control ◽  
Heterologous Cell

SUMMARYWhile Yes-associated protein (YAP) antagonizes pluripotency during early embryogenesis, it has also been shown to promote stemness of multiple stem cell types, including pluripotent stem cells. Whether cellular context underlies these distinct functions of YAP in pluripotency remains unclear. Here, we establish that depending on the specific cells in which it is expressed, YAP exhibits opposing effects on pluripotency induction from somatic cells. Specifically, YAP inhibits pluripotency induction cell-autonomously but promotes it non-cell-autonomously. For its non-cell-autonomous role, YAP alters the expression of many secreted and matricellular proteins including CYR61, which recapitulates the promotional effect when added as a recombinant protein. Thus, we define a unique YAP-driven non-cell-autonomous process that enhances pluripotency induction. Our work highlights the importance of considering the distinct contributions from heterologous cell types in deciphering the mechanism of cell fate control and calls for careful re-examination of the co-existing bystander cells in complex cultures or tissues.

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