Renal protective effects of astragaloside IV, in diabetes mellitus kidney damage animal models: A systematic review, meta-analysis

Background and Purpose: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe disease characterized by sudden headache, loss of consciousness, or focal neurological deficits. Melatonin has been reported as a potential neuroprotective agent of SAH. It provides protective effects through the anti-inflammatory effects or the autophagy pathway. Our systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin administration on experimental SAH animals and offer support for the future clinical trial design of the melatonin treatment following SAH.Methods: The following online databases were searched for experimentally controlled studies of the effect of melatonin on SAH models: PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (all until March 2021). The melatonin effect on the brain water content (BWC) and neurological score (NS) were compared between the treatment and control groups using the standardized mean difference (SMD).Results: Our literature identified 160 possible articles, and most of them were excluded due to duplication (n = 69) and failure to meet the inclusion criteria (n = 56). After screening the remaining 35 articles in detail, we excluded half of them because of no relevant outcome measures (n = 16), no relevant interventions (n = 3), review articles (n = 1), duplicated publications (n = 1), and studies on humans or cells (n = 2). Finally, this systematic review contained 12 studies between 2008 and 2018. All studies were written in English except for one study in Chinese, and all of them showed the effect of melatonin on BWC and NS in SAH models.Conclusion: Our research shows that melatonin can significantly improve the behavior and pathological results of SAH animal models. However, due to the small number of studies included in this meta-analysis, the experimental design and experimental method limitations should be considered when interpreting the results. Significant clinical and animal studies are still required to evaluate whether melatonin can be used in the adjuvant treatment of clinical SAH patients.

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The efficacy and safety of Momordica charantia L. in animal models of type 2 diabetes mellitus; A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/681494 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emanuel L. Peter ◽

Prakash B. Nagendrappa ◽

Anita Kaligirwa ◽

Patrick Engeu Ogwang ◽

Crispin Duncan Sesaazi

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Animal Models ◽

Publication Bias ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias

AbstractBackgroundMomordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) has been used to control hyperglycemia in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asia, South America, and Africa for decades. However, a meta-analysis of clinical trials confirmed very low-quality evidence of its efficacy. To potentially increase the certainty of evidence, we evaluated the effect of M. charantia L. in comparison with vehicle on glycemic control in animal models of type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsReview authors searched in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL databases without language restriction through April 2019. Two authors independently evaluated full texts, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted data. We analyzed the influence of study design and evidence of publication bias.ResultsThe review included 66 studies involving 1861 animals. They had a follow up between 7 and 90 days. Majority 29 (43.9%) used Wistar albino rats, and 37 (56.1%) used male animals. Thirty-two (48%) used an aqueous extract of fresh fruits. M. charantia L. reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c in comparison to vehicle control (42 studies, 815 animals; SMD, −6.86 [95% CI; −7.95, −5.77], 3 studies, 59 animals; SMD; −7.76 [95%CI; −12.50, −3.01]) respectively. Magnitude of FPG was large in Wistar albino rat subgroup; SMD; −10.29, [95%CI; −12.55, −8.03]. Publication bias changed FPG to non-significant −2.46 SMD, [95%CI; - 5.10, 0.17]. We downgraded the evidence to moderate quality due to poor methodological quality, high risk of bias, unexplained heterogeneity, suspected publication bias, and lack of standardized dose.ConclusionM. charantia L. lowers elevated plasma glucose level in type 2 diabetes mellitus animal models. Publication bias and poor methodological quality call for future researches to focus on standardizing dose with chemical markers and provide measures to improve preclinical type 2 diabetes mellitus studies.Systematic review registration CRD42019119181

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