Gene expression in Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck following infection with the bacterial pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus causing Huanglongbing in Florida

Plant Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Albrecht ◽  
Kim D. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus

scholarly journals Metabolomic Response to Huanglongbing: Role of Carboxylic Compounds in Citrus sinensis Response to ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ and Its Vector, Diaphorina citri

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 666-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Killiny ◽  
Yasser Nehela
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus

Huanglongbing, a destructive disease of citrus, is caused by the fastidious bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ and transmitted by Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri. The impact of ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ infection or D. citri infestation on Valencia sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) leaf metabolites was investigated using gas chromatography mass spectrometry, followed by gene expression analysis for 37 genes involved in jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and proline-glutamine pathways. The total amino acid abundance increased after ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ infection, while the total fatty acids increased dramatically after infestation with D. citri, compared with control plants. Seven amino acids (glycine, l-isoleucine, l-phenylalanine, l-proline, l-serine, l-threonine, and l-tryptophan) and five organic acids (benzoic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, SA, and succinic acid) increased in ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’-infected plants. On the other hand, the abundance of trans-JA and its precursor α-linolenic increased in D. citri-infested plants. Surprisingly, the double attack of both D. citri infestation and ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ infection moderated the metabolic changes in all chemical classes studied. In addition, the gene expression analysis supported these results. Based on these findings, we suggest that, although amino acids such as phenylalanine are involved in citrus defense against ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ infection through the activation of an SA-mediated pathway, fatty acids, especially α-linolenic acid, are involved in defense against D. citri infestation via the induction of a JA-mediated pathway.

Maternal Contribution of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus to Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) Nymphs Through Oviposition Site Inoculation and Transovarial Transmission

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia J Kelley ◽  
Kirsten S Pelz-Stelinski
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Oviposition Site ◽  
Asian Citrus Psyllid ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus

Abstract Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), transmits Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), the bacterial pathogen putatively responsible for citrus huanglongbing. Multiple studies have shown psyllids acquire Las more frequently, and are more likely to inoculate susceptible plants, when they acquire Las as nymphs. Understanding the transmission of Las to nymphs is critical to the Las lifecycle. The objective of this study was to determine the transmission Las by female D. citri to their offspring. Two transmission pathways were quantified: horizontal transmission (acquisition of Las via feeding at the oviposition site) and vertical transmission (transovarial). Eggs of individual, infected females were transferred to an uninfected seedling to assess vertical transmission. In a second experiment, horizontal transmission was evaluated by replacing eggs laid by infected females with uninfected nymphs. Nymphs exposed to Las via horizontal transmission of the oviposition site were more likely to acquire Las than from vertical transmission. Las deposited in flush by an infected adult female feeding during oviposition was sufficient for infecting nymphs. Combined results of both experiments suggest that vertical transmission allows Las to spread in low amounts even when infected plant hosts are not available and that inoculation of the oviposition site provides a source of Las to developing nymphs via the plant phloem. These data support the hypothesis that transmission through infected plant material via maternal inoculation is a primary pathway of Las transmission between vector and host.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Profiling of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ in Citrus and Psyllids

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina De Francesco ◽  
Amelia H. Lovelace ◽  
Dipan Shaw ◽  
Min Qiu ◽  
Yuanchao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Cell Wall Modification ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus

‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las) is an emergent bacterial pathogen that is associated with the devastating citrus huanglongbing (HLB). Vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid, Las colonizes the phloem tissue of citrus, causing severe damage to infected trees. So far, cultivating pure Las culture in axenic media has not been successful, and dual-transcriptome analyses aiming to profile gene expression in both Las and its hosts have a low coverage of the Las genome because of the low abundance of bacterial RNA in total RNA extracts from infected tissues. Therefore, a lack of understanding of the Las transcriptome remains a significant knowledge gap. Here, we used a bacterial cell enrichment procedure and confidently determined the expression profiles of approximately 84% of the Las genes. Genes that exhibited high expression in citrus include transporters, ferritin, outer membrane porins, specific pilins, and genes involved in phage-related functions, cell wall modification, and stress responses. We also found 106 genes to be differentially expressed in citrus versus Asian citrus psyllids. Genes related to transcription or translation and resilience to host defense response were upregulated in citrus, whereas genes involved in energy generation and the flagella system were expressed to higher levels in psyllids. Finally, we determined the relative expression levels of potential Sec-dependent effectors, which are considered as key virulence factors of Las. This work advances our understanding of HLB biology and offers novel insight into the interactions of Las with its plant host and insect vector.

scholarly journals Resistance inducers and organic fertilizer in Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazmin Zapata Contreras ◽  
Eduardo Osorio Hernandez ◽  
José Hugo Silva Espinosa ◽  
Criseida Alhelí Saénz Pérez ◽  
Ma. Teresa de Jesús Segura Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Resistance Inducers

Objective: To evaluate the effect of three resistance inducers and an organic fertilizer on the titles of CandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus in Citrus sinensis (L.) Obseck cv. Valencia.Design/methodology/approach: The treatments consisted of Vacciplant Max and UPL-08, Fosetil aluminum. Likewise, BIO-FOM was applied on the periphery of the trees, with moisture for nutrients absorption. The evaluated variables were fruit weight, equatorial diameter, skin thickness, °BRIX, severity and chlorophyll, in each of the five treatments, which consisted of 20 repetitions.Results: The fruits of the trees treated with Vacciplant Max had lower skin thickness and a higher °BRIX. Also, the highest chlorophyll index was recorded with BIO-FOM fertilizer. However, none of the evaluated treatments significantly decreased the fruit harshness.Findings/conclusions: The best treatment against Huanglongbing was fosetyl aluminum which conferred greater fruit weight and diameter

scholarly journals Dynamics of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ Colonization of New Growth of Citrus

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (10) ◽  
pp. 1165-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Hilf ◽  
Weiqi Luo
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Citrus Macrophylla

‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ is a phloem-colonizing intracellular bacterial pathogen of citrus associated with the disease huanglongbing. A study of patterns of colonization and bacterial population growth in new growth of different citrus types was conducted by pruning infected citron, sweet orange, sour orange, mandarin, citrange, and Citrus macrophylla trees to force the growth of axillary and adventitious shoots. The first three leaves on newly emerged shoots were collected at 30, 60, and 90 days to assess colonization and population growth of ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ using real time PCR (qPCR). Single trials were conducted with mandarin and citron, two trials each for citrange, sour orange and sweet orange, and four trials for C. macrophylla. In citron the proportion of colonized leaves increased significantly over time, with 67, 85, and 96% of leaves colonized at 30, 60, and 90 days, respectively. For the other citrus types, the exact proportion of colonized leaves differed, but colonization exceeded 60% in mandarin, sour orange, and citrange, and exceeded 80% at 30 days in two trials with sweet orange and three trials with C. macrophylla, but there was no significant increase in the proportion of colonized leaves at 60 and 90 days. Bacteria were readily detected by 30 days in new leaves of all citrus types. Differences in the growth of the bacterial population between citrus types and at different times of the year were noted, but common trends were apparent. In general, bacterial titers peaked at 60 days, except in leaves of C. macrophylla where bacterial titers peaked at 30 days. The early and consistently high proportion of leaf colonization observed for new growth of sweet orange during two trials and for C. macrophylla during three trials indicates a near synchronous colonization of new leaves by 30 days.

‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ putative effectors: in silico analysis and gene expression in citrus leaves displaying distinct huanglongbing symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Moreira Granato ◽  
Tiago S. Oliveira ◽  
Raquel L. Boscariol-Camargo ◽  
Diogo M. Galdeano ◽  
Nicholas V. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
In Silico ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Citrus Leaves ◽  
Silico Analysis
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