Potential modulatory mechanisms of action by long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on bone cell and chondrocyte metabolism

Young fronds of ferns are consumed as a vegetable in many countries. The aim of this study was to analyze three fern species that are available for sale in the Russian Far East as dietary sources in terms of fatty acids that are important for human physiology: arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and other valuable long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The content of ARA and EPA was 5.5 and 0.5 mg/g dry weight, respectively, in Pteridium aquilinum, 4.1 and 1.1 in Matteuccia struthiopteris, and 2.2 and 0.8 in Osmundastrum asiaticum. Salted fronds of P. aquilinum contained less these fatty acids than the raw fronds, with a decrease of up to 49% for ARA and 65% for EPA. These losses were less pronounced or even insignificant in dried fronds. Cooked ferns preserved significant portions of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: cooked P. aquilinum contained 4.4 mg/g dry weight ARA and 0.3 mg/g dry weight EPA. The ferns may provide a supplemental dietary source of these valuable long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially for vegetarian diets.

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Enrichment of NaCl-reduced burger with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: Effects on physicochemical, technological, nutritional, and sensory characteristics

Meat Science ◽

10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108497 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 177 ◽

pp. 108497

Author(s):

Juan D. Rios-Mera ◽

Erick Saldaña ◽

Iliani Patinho ◽

Miriam M. Selani ◽

Carmen J. Contreras-Castillo

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Sensory Characteristics ◽

Long Chain

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Vitamin E Content and Estimated Need in German Infant and Follow-On Formulas With and Without Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LC-PUFA) Enrichment

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf502469b ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (41) ◽

pp. 10153-10161 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Madlen Stimming ◽

Christina M. Mesch ◽

Mathilde Kersting ◽

Hermann Kalhoff ◽

Hans Demmelmair ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Long Chain

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Heart Rate Variability and Long Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Haemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072453 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2453

Author(s):

Ana M Pinto ◽

Helen L MacLaughlin ◽

Wendy L Hall

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ckd Stage ◽

Long Chain

Low heart rate variability (HRV) is independently associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and all cardiac death in haemodialysis patients. Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) may exert anti-arrhythmic effects. This study aimed to investigate relationships between dialysis, sleep and 24 h HRV and LC n-3 PUFA status in patients who have recently commenced haemodialysis. A cross-sectional study was conducted in adults aged 40–80 with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 (n = 45, mean age 58, SD 9, 20 females and 25 males, 39% with type 2 diabetes). Pre-dialysis blood samples were taken to measure erythrocyte and plasma fatty acid composition (wt % fatty acids). Mean erythrocyte omega-3 index was not associated with HRV following adjustment for age, BMI and use of β-blocker medication. Higher ratios of erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were associated with lower 24 h vagally-mediated beat-to-beat HRV parameters. Higher plasma EPA and docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-3) were also associated with lower sleep-time and 24 h beat-to-beat variability. In contrast, higher plasma EPA was significantly related to higher overall and longer phase components of 24 h HRV. Further investigation is required to investigate whether patients commencing haemodialysis may have compromised conversion of EPA to DHA, which may impair vagally-mediated regulation of cardiac autonomic function, increasing risk of SCD.

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Is There a FADS2-Modulated Link between Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Plasma Phospholipids and Polyphenol Intake in Adult Subjects Who Are Overweight?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020296 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 296

Author(s):

Manja M. Zec ◽

Irena Krga ◽

Ljiljana Stojković ◽

Maja Živković ◽

Biljana Pokimica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Dietary Polyphenols ◽

Plasma Phospholipids ◽

Treatment Changes ◽

Total Pool ◽

Polyphenol Intake ◽

Overweight Adults ◽

Long Chain

Dietary polyphenols promote cardiometabolic health and are linked with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma phospholipids (LC-PUFA). The FADS2 polymorphisms are associated with LC-PUFA metabolism and overweight/obesity. This 4-week study examined the link between polyphenol intake, FADS2 variants (rs174593, rs174616, rs174576) and obesity in 62 overweight adults (BMI ≥ 25), allocated to consume 100 mL daily of either: Aronia juice, a rich source of polyphenols, with 1177.11 mg polyphenols (expressed as gallic acid equivalents)/100 mL (AJ, n = 22), Aronia juice with 294.28 mg polyphenols/100 mL (MJ, n = 20), or nutritionally matched polyphenol-lacking placebo as a control (PLB, n = 20). We analyzed LC-PUFA (% of total pool) by gas chromatography and FADS2 variants by real-time PCR. Four-week changes in LC-PUFA, BMI, and body weight were included in statistical models, controlling for gender and PUFA intake. Only upon AJ and MJ, the presence of FADS2 variant alleles affected changes in linoleic, arachidonic, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Upon MJ treatment, changes in EPA were inversely linked with changes in BMI (β= −0.73, p = 0.029) and weight gain (β= −2.17, p = 0.024). Only in subjects drinking AJ, the link between changes in EPA and anthropometric indices was modified by the rs174576 variant allele. Our results indicate the interaction between FADS2, fatty acid metabolism, and polyphenol intake in overweight subjects.

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