scholarly journals Change in the Parkinson Anxiety Scale correlates with change in other clinical measures of anxiety over time

2021 ◽  
pp. 100126
Author(s):  
Ruth B. Schneider ◽  
Peggy Auinger ◽  
Christopher G. Tarolli ◽  
Julia Iourinets ◽  
María Cristina Gil-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals AB0104 CORRELATION OF PLASMA 14-3-3Η LEVELS WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY MEASURES IN METHOTREXATE-NAÏVE RA PATIENTS TREATED WITH UPADACITINIB MONOTHERAPY IN THE SELECT-EARLY PHASE 3 STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1351.2-1351
Author(s):  
T. Sornasse ◽  
S. Chahal ◽  
Y. Gui ◽  
N. Nagarajan ◽  
A. Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Radiographic Outcomes ◽  
Activity Measures ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Disease Activity Measures

Background:Early diagnosis and treat-to-target strategies in RA improve clinical and radiographic outcomes. 14-3-3η is a soluble diagnostic biomarker that is involved in the pathogenesis of RA (1) including the potent activation of key signalling cascades such as the JAK-STAT pathway and whose initial expression coincides with a transition to synovitis. In undifferentiated arthralgia, 14-3-3η independently predicts the development of RA. In confirmed RA, 14-3-3η levels decrease with treatment response (2) and those changes are associated with clinical and radiographic outcomes, including the prediction of joint damage progression in patients who have achieved clinical remission. Upadacitinib (UPA), an oral JAK1-selective inhibitor, demonstrated significant and clinically meaningful improvements in RA vs. methotrexate (MTX) in the SELECT-EARLY phase 3 study (3).Objectives:To determine the impact of treatment with UPA monotherapy 15 mg QD on the levels of plasma 14-3-3η and to explore its relationship with clinical measures in early MTX-naïve RA patients.Methods:Patients from the SELECT-EARLY study were randomly selected (UPA n = 100; MTX n = 100) from the pool of patients with available plasma samples. 14-3-3η tests were performed at Augurex according to standard operating procedures. Concentrations (ng/mL) were log-transformed for analysis. Non-parametric correlations between biomarker data and clinical end points were derived using the Spearman method. Changes in 14-3-3η over time were compared using a Repeated Measure Mixed Linear Model. All statistical analyses were conducted in JMP 14.1 (SAS Institute).Results:At baseline, 79% of patients were 14-3-3η positive (≥ 0.19 ng/mL) with similar levels in both arms. Baseline levels of 14-3-3η correlated significantly with baseline disease activity measures (CDAI ρ = 0.164, p = 0.042; DASCRP ρ = 0.222, p = 0.004; and SDAI ρ = 0.177, p = 0.028) but not with baseline mTSS (ρ =-0.021, p = 0.787); of note baseline mTSS were relatively low in this subset of early RA patients (median = 2, IQR [0 – 9.5]). Over time, 14-3-3η levels tended to be lower in both the UPA and MTX groups. However, only treatment with UPA for 24 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in circulating 14-3-3η (p = 0.0002) (Figure 1). In addition, at week 24 in the UPA arm, changes in 14-3-3η levels correlated significantly with changes in concurrent disease activity measures (Δ CDAI ρ = 0.264, p = 0.030; Δ DASCRP ρ = 0.267, p = 0.021; and Δ SDAI ρ = 0.267, p = 0.028) but not with change in mTSS (ρ =-0.186, p = 0.111). In contrast to UPA, the relatively small changes in 14-3-3η induced by MTX did not correlate with any clinical measures.Figure1Conclusion:This study demonstrates that treatment with UPA 15 mg QD monotherapy for 24 weeks significantly reduces the levels of circulating 14-3-3η in MTX-naïve RA patients and that these changes correlate with clinical measures of disease activity. Although we were not able to detect a clear relationship between changes in 14-3-3η and rate of structural damage progression, we would like to hypothesize that the superior clinical activity of UPA over MTX on joint damage may be related to the significant reduction in 14-3-3η induced by UPA; this hypothesis should be tested in a larger RA cohort with a larger proportion of joint damage progressors.References:[1]Maksymowych WP et al. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16(2):R99.[2]Hirata S et al. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17(1):280.[3]van Vollenhoven R et al. Arthritis Rheumatol.;2018 (Suppl 10; vol.70).Disclosure of Interests:Thierry Sornasse Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc, Employee of: AbbVie Inc, Simran Chahal Shareholder of: Augurex Life Science Corp, Employee of: Augurex Life Science Corp, Yuan Gui Shareholder of: Augurex Life Science Corp, Employee of: Augurex Life Science Corp, Neeraja Nagarajan Employee of: Augurex Life Science Corp, Alan Friedman Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc, Employee of: AbbVie Inc, Norma Biln Shareholder of: Augurex Life Science Corp, AbbVie Inc, Employee of: Augurex Life Science Corp

scholarly journals The Follow up of the Anxiety Levels of Elderlies During the ‘COVID-19’ Pandemic: A Prospective Primary Care Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Öznur Odabaş ◽  
Ezgi Ağadayı ◽  
Duygu Ayhan Başer
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Care Study ◽  
Over Time

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak quickly spread to hundreds of countries and became the first pandemic caused by coronaviruses. As the epidemic spread rate gradually increased in Turkey, curfews were imposed on individuals aged 65 and over as of March 21, 2020. We thought that both the pandemic and the curfew caused anxiety in the elderly. This study investigated the prevalence of anxiety symptoms by using Geriatric anxiety scale in the elderly during curfew. The change in anxiety level was measured over time. The second purpose of the study is to determine the factors affecting anxiety. Method: We evaluated older people’s anxiety status with an interval of 15 days and 6 months during Covid-19 pandemic by using Geriatric anxiety scale. People aged 65 and over among the enrolled population of the FHC were contacted by telephone. Results: 250 people aged 65 and over were called by phone, 213 people were reached.150 people volunteered to participate in the study. While the mean scores of the first Geriatric anxiety scale were 1.0 ± 2.4, second score applied at the 15th days was 0.5 ± 2.1, the third score applied at the sixth month was 0.3 ± 1.8. There was a significant difference between the three measurements (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Total anxiety scores of our sample were low and there was a significant difference between the three measurements performed 15th days and sixth month was a decrease in anxiety. Contrary to what we expected, the elderly were not affected by curfew, and anxiety levels were found to be significantly decreased over time. Gender, education level, living alone, house type were found related with changes in anxiety scores.

scholarly journals When Will My Patient Fall? Sensor-Based In-Home Walking Speed Identifies Future Falls in Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Piau ◽  
Nora Mattek ◽  
Rachel Crissey ◽  
Zachary Beattie ◽  
Hiroko Dodge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Although there are known clinical measures that may be associated with risk of future falls in older adults, we are still unable to predict when the fall will happen. Our objective was to determine whether unobtrusive in-home assessment of walking speed can detect a future fall. Method In both ISAAC and ORCATECH Living Laboratory studies, a sensor-based monitoring system has been deployed in the homes of older adults. Longitudinal mixed-effects regression models were used to explore trajectories of sensor-based walking speed metrics in those destined to fall versus controls over time. Falls were captured during a 3-year period. Results We observed no major differences between those destined to fall (n = 55) and controls (n = 70) at baseline in clinical functional tests. There was a longitudinal decline in median daily walking speed over the 3 months before a fall in those destined to fall when compared with controls, p < .01 (ie, mean walking speed declined 0.1 cm s−1 per week). We also found prefall differences in sensor-based walking speed metrics in individuals who experienced a fall: walking speed variability was lower the month and the week just before the fall compared with 3 months before the fall, both p < .01. Conclusions While basic clinical tests were not able to differentiate who will prospectively fall, we found that significant variations in walking speed metrics before a fall were measurable. These results provide evidence of a potential sensor-based risk biomarker of prospective falls in community living older adults.

Symptom-specific self-referential cognitive processes in bipolar disorder: a longitudinal analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1895-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pavlickova ◽  
F. Varese ◽  
O. Turnbull ◽  
J. Scott ◽  
R. Morriss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundAlthough depression and mania are often assumed to be polar opposites, studies have shown that, in patients with bipolar disorder, they are weakly positively correlated and vary somewhat independently over time. Thus, when investigating relationships between specific psychological processes and specific symptoms (mania and depression), co-morbidity between the symptoms and changes over time must be taken into account.MethodA total of 253 bipolar disorder patients were assessed every 24 weeks for 18 months using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), the Bech–Rafaelsen Mania Assessment Scale (MAS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Questionnaire (RSEQ), the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS), the Internal, Personal and Situational Attributions Questionnaire (IPSAQ) and the Personal Qualities Questionnaire (PQQ). We calculated multilevel models using the xtreg module of Stata 9.1, with psychological and clinical measures nested within each participant.ResultsMania and depression were weakly, yet significantly, associated; each was related to distinct psychological processes. Cross-sectionally, self-esteem showed the most robust associations with depression and mania: depression was associated with low positive and high negative self-esteem, and mania with high positive self-esteem. Depression was significantly associated with most of the other self-referential measures, whereas mania was weakly associated only with the externalizing bias of the IPSAQ and the achievement scale of the DAS. Prospectively, low self-esteem predicted future depression.ConclusionsThe associations between different self-referential thinking processes and different phases of bipolar disorder, and the presence of the negative self-concept in both depression and mania, have implications for therapeutic management, and also for future directions of research.

scholarly journals Explainable AI for Retinal Prostheses: Predicting Electrode Deactivation from Routine Clinical Measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuying Hu ◽  
Michael Beyeler
Keyword(s):  
Model Fit ◽  
Retinal Implant ◽  
Retinal Prostheses ◽  
Flexible Electrode ◽  
Explainable Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Accuracy Performance ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Longitudinal Dataset

AbstractTo provide appropriate levels of stimulation, retinal prostheses must be calibrated to an individual’s perceptual thresholds (‘system fitting’). Nonfunctional electrodes may then be deactivated to reduce power consumption and improve visual outcomes. However, thresholds vary drastically not just across electrodes but also over time, thus calling for a more flexible electrode deactivation strategy. Here we present an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) model fit on a large longitudinal dataset that can 1) predict at which point in time the manufacturer chose to deactivate an electrode as a function of routine clinical measures (‘predictors’) and 2) reveal which of these predictors were most important. The model predicted electrode deactivation from clinical data with 60.8% accuracy. Performance increased to 75.3% with system fitting data, and to 84% when thresholds from follow-up examinations were available. The model further identified subject age and time since blindness onset as important predictors of electrode deactivation. An accurate XAI model of electrode deactivation that relies on routine clinical measures may benefit both the retinal implant and wider neuroprosthetics communities.

scholarly journals Prevention strategies for refractive errors in users of electronic display screens: a systematic rapid review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Lema ◽  
José Esteban Hernández ◽  
Andrea Carolina Reyes García ◽  
Francisco Palencia-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Media ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Electronic Display ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Over Time

The prevalence of refractive errors has been increasing over time, and its correlation with the increase in time spent in front of electronic media and screens has been studied. However, the literature regarding prevention strategies for this phenomenon is scarce compared to that found for other conditions associated with the use of video terminals such as computer vision syndrome and dry eye syndrome. This review aims to compile the main prevention strategies for refractive errors, specifically myopia, associated with the use of electronic media. For this, a systematic rapid review of the literature in databases and gray literature databases was carried out, finding that the general recommendations focus on increasing outdoor exposure at least 120 minutes a day, maintaining a distance of at least 30 minutes. cm from the device screen, take breaksduring reading sessions and do blinking exercises, among others, as well as clinical measures such as the use of ophthalmic drops with atropine, glasses or multifocal lenses, and orthokeratology.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

Articulatory Generalization in Two Word-Medial, Ambisyllabic Contexts

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Suzanne D. Blocker ◽  
Norma J. Prater
Keyword(s):  
Common View ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unitary Concept ◽  
Over Time

Articulatory generalization of velar cognates /k/, /g/ in two phonologically disordered children was studied over time as a function of sequential word-morpheme position training. Although patterns of contextual acquisition differed, correct responses to the word-medial, inflected context (e.g., "picking," "hugging") occurred earlier and exceeded those to the word-medial, noninflected context (e.g., "bacon," "wagon"). This finding indicates that the common view of the word-medial position as a unitary concept is an oversimplification. Possible explanations for superior generalization to the word-medial, inflected position are discussed in terms of coarticulation, perceptual salience, and the representational integrity of the word.

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