Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Analysis of Friction Stir Welded AZ31B Mg Alloy Thorough Optimized Process Parameters

This experimental work aims to devise and establish quadratic regression equations, including various input criteria of a friction stir welding (FSW) technique to predict and determine the responses during the fabrication of AZ91C Mg alloy joints. The input process parameters taken into consideration include the traversing speed of the tool, the speed of rotation of the tool, its pin profile (geometry) and the axial force. A five-level, 4 four-factor composite design (of central nature) was applied, and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to formulate quadratic regression models, to develop 3D response surface charts, and to anticipate the responses for various mechanical properties. The generated quadratic mathematical model was tested and validated using the technique of analysis of variance. Validation experimental trial results outlined in the form of scatter diagrams revealed precedented coincidence with that of the generated models. The AZ91C Mg alloy joints obtained using the tool having taper cylindrical pin geometry employed at 1045 rpm, 1.5 mm/s traversing speed, under the exertion of an axial load of 4.87 kN was found to exhibit improved mechanical properties.

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Crack Repairing of Aluminum Alloy 6061 by Reinforcement of Al2O3 and B4C Particles Using Friction Stir Processing

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.875.238 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 875 ◽

pp. 238-247

Author(s):

Zunair Masroor ◽

Ahsan Abdul Rauf ◽

Faisal Mustafa ◽

Syed Wilayat Husain

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Aluminum Alloy ◽

Microstructural Analysis ◽

Hardness Test ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Crack Line ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Mechanical Methods ◽

Weld Parameters

Crack repairing of aluminum alloys is done using conventional welding techniques or mechanical methods, which results in the redundancy of mechanical properties due to defects formation. Friction Stir Welding/Processing (FSW/FSP) is a solid-state joining technique which is used to join various different similar and dissimilar metals, along with the fabrication of surface composites to cater the mentioned problem. The objective of this study is to repair the crack produced in 6061 aluminum alloy by the reinforcement of ceramic particles, Al2O3 and B4C, to further increase the efficiency of the joint along the crack line. Weld parameters, equipment used and the processing conditions are emphasized. The mechanical testing and the characterization of the weld as well as base metal was done and compared using tensile testing, micro hardness test and microstructural analysis. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) was performed for crystallinity and intermetallic study. The dispersion of the particles was investigated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The crack in the Al-6061 was effectively repaired using FSP. The reinforced samples showed improved mechanical properties as compared to non-reinforced ones.

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Influence of The Arrangement of Materials and Microstructural Analysis During FSW of AZ80A & AZ91C Mg Alloys

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials ◽

10.1515/amm-2017-0272 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 1795-1801 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P. Sevvel ◽

V. Jaiganesh

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Microstructural Analysis ◽

Mg Alloys ◽

Mg Alloy ◽

Microstructural Characteristics ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Dissimilar Alloys ◽

Az80a Mg Alloy ◽

Fsw Parameters

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to produce defect free weldments with improved properties during friction stir welding of dissimilar Mg alloys. The influence of the anisotropic arrangement of materials when AZ80A Mg alloy is taken as advancing side and AZ91C Mg alloy as retreating side and vice versa with respect to their mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics were investigated. The effects of various FSW parameters on the quality of these joints were also analyzed and best optimized FSW parameters were suggested. Defect free sound joints with excellent mechanical properties were produced when AZ80A Mg alloy was positioned at retreating side. At the same time, it seems a little bit difficult to obtain good quality joints with the contrary arrangement of materials. These investigations revealed that materials having inferior plastic deformability must be kept at the advancing side to obtain sound joints during FSW of dissimilar alloys of Magnesium.

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Effect of Friction Stir Process Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Chrome Containing Leather Waste Reinforced Aluminium Based Composite

International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology ◽

10.1007/s40684-021-00312-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shashi Prakash Dwivedi ◽

Rajeev Agrawal ◽

Shubham Sharma

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Friction Stir Process ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Leather Waste

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Influence of Tool Geometry and Process Parameters on the Properties of Friction Stir Spot Welded Multiple (AA 5754 H111) Aluminium Sheets

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14051157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 1157

Author(s):

Danka Labus Zlatanovic ◽

Sebastian Balos ◽

Jean Pierre Bergmann ◽

Stefan Rasche ◽

Milan Pecanac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Spot Welding ◽

Minimum Energy ◽

Tool Geometry ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Minimum Energy Consumption ◽

Punch Test ◽

Wide Range ◽

Lap Welding

Friction stir spot welding is an emerging spot-welding technology that offers opportunities for joining a wide range of materials with minimum energy consumption. To increase productivity, the present work addresses production challenges and aims to find solutions for the lap-welding of multiple ultrathin sheets with maximum productivity. Two convex tools with different edge radii were used to weld four ultrathin sheets of AA5754-H111 alloy each with 0.3 mm thickness. To understand the influence of tool geometries and process parameters, coefficient of friction (CoF), microstructure and mechanical properties obtained with the Vickers microhardness test and the small punch test were analysed. A scanning acoustic microscope was used to assess weld quality. It was found that the increase of tool radius from 15 to 22.5 mm reduced the dwell time by a factor of three. Samples welded with a specific tool were seen to have no delamination and improved mechanical properties due to longer stirring time. The rotational speed was found to be the most influential parameter in governing the weld shape, CoF, microstructure, microhardness and weld efficiency. Low rotational speeds caused a 14.4% and 12.8% improvement in joint efficiency compared to high rotational speeds for both tools used in this investigation.

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