Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Biomaterials Systems – Perspectives for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewable, rapidly proliferating, multipotent stem cells which reside in almost all post-natal tissues. MSCs possess potent immunoregulatory properties and, in juxtacrine and paracrine manner, modulate phenotype and function of all immune cells that participate in tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, MSCs produce various pro-angiogenic factors and promote neo-vascularization in healing tissues, contributing to their enhanced repair and regeneration. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms that regulate the crosstalk between MSCs and immune cells in tissue repair and regeneration.

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Potential Role of Growth Factors Controlled Release in Achieving Enhanced Neuronal Trans-differentiation from Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neural Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Molecular Neurobiology ◽

10.1007/s12035-021-02646-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ayushi Gupta ◽

Sangeeta Singh

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Growth Factors ◽

Controlled Release ◽

Tissue Repair ◽

Potential Role ◽

Neural Tissue ◽

Tissue Repair And Regeneration

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Glutathione–Allylsulfur Conjugates as Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulating Agents for Potential Applications in Tissue Repair

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21051638 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 1638 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emilia Di Giovanni ◽

Silvia Buonvino ◽

Ivano Amelio ◽

Sonia Melino

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Tissue Repair ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽

Stem Cell Delivery ◽

Cell Based Therapy

The endogenous gasotransmitter H2S plays an important role in the central nervous, respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Accordingly, slow-releasing H2S donors are powerful tools for basic studies and innovative pharmaco-therapeutic agents for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, the effects of H2S-releasing agents on the growth of stem cells have not been fully investigated. H2S preconditioning can enhance mesenchymal stem cell survival after post-ischaemic myocardial implantation; therefore, stem cell therapy combined with H2S may be relevant in cell-based therapy for regenerative medicine. Here, we studied the effects of slow-releasing H2S agents on the cell growth and differentiation of cardiac Lin− Sca1+ human mesenchymal stem cells (cMSC) and on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). In particular, we investigated the effects of water-soluble GSH–garlic conjugates (GSGa) on cMSC compared to other H2S-releasing agents, such as Na2S and GYY4137. GSGa treatment of cMSC and NHDF increased their cell proliferation and migration in a concentration dependent manner with respect to the control. GSGa treatment promoted an upregulation of the expression of proteins involved in oxidative stress protection, cell–cell adhesion and commitment to differentiation. These results highlight the effects of H2S-natural donors as biochemical factors that promote MSC homing, increasing their safety profile and efficacy after transplantation, and the value of these donors in developing functional 3D-stem cell delivery systems for cardiac muscle tissue repair and regeneration.

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Engineering human pluripotent stem cells into a functional skeletal muscle tissue

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-017-02636-4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

Lingjun Rao ◽

Ying Qian ◽

Alastair Khodabukus ◽

Thomas Ribar ◽

Nenad Bursac

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Muscle Tissue ◽

Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽

Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

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Mechanisms of Action of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair Regeneration and their Implications

Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1712752 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (02) ◽

pp. 104-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manisha Singh ◽

Suchi Gupta ◽

Sonali Rawat ◽

Swati Midha ◽

Krishan Gopal Jain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Tissue Repair ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Maximum Output ◽

Cell Replacement Therapy ◽

Tissue Repair And Regeneration

ABSTRACTCell replacement therapy holds a promising future in the treatment of degenerative diseases related to neuronal, cardiac and bone tissues. In such kind of diseases, there is a progressive loss of speciﬁc types of cells. Currently the most upcoming and trusted cell candidate is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as these cells are easy to isolate from the tissue, easy to maintain and expand and no ethical concerns are linked. MSCs can be obtained from a number of sources like bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord, dental pulp, adipose tissues, etc. MSCs help in tissue repair and regeneration by various mechanisms of action like cell differentiation, immunomodulation, paracrine effect, etc. The future of regenerative medicine lies in tissue engineering and exploiting various properties to yield maximum output. In the current review article, we have targeted the repair and regeneration mechanisms of MSCs in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac diseases and those related to bones. Yet there is a lot to understand, discover and then understand again about the molecular mechanisms of MSCs and then applying this knowledge in developing the therapy to get maximum repair and regeneration of concerned tissue and in turn the recovery of the patient.

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