Potential Role of Growth Factors Controlled Release in Achieving Enhanced Neuronal Trans-differentiation from Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neural Tissue Repair and Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayushi Gupta ◽  
Sangeeta Singh
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration

scholarly journals The Cross-Talk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Cells in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Carl Randall Harrell ◽  
Valentin Djonov ◽  
Vladislav Volarevic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Function

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewable, rapidly proliferating, multipotent stem cells which reside in almost all post-natal tissues. MSCs possess potent immunoregulatory properties and, in juxtacrine and paracrine manner, modulate phenotype and function of all immune cells that participate in tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, MSCs produce various pro-angiogenic factors and promote neo-vascularization in healing tissues, contributing to their enhanced repair and regeneration. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms that regulate the crosstalk between MSCs and immune cells in tissue repair and regeneration.

scholarly journals Glutathione–Allylsulfur Conjugates as Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulating Agents for Potential Applications in Tissue Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Di Giovanni ◽  
Silvia Buonvino ◽  
Ivano Amelio ◽  
Sonia Melino
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Stem Cell Delivery ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

The endogenous gasotransmitter H2S plays an important role in the central nervous, respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Accordingly, slow-releasing H2S donors are powerful tools for basic studies and innovative pharmaco-therapeutic agents for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, the effects of H2S-releasing agents on the growth of stem cells have not been fully investigated. H2S preconditioning can enhance mesenchymal stem cell survival after post-ischaemic myocardial implantation; therefore, stem cell therapy combined with H2S may be relevant in cell-based therapy for regenerative medicine. Here, we studied the effects of slow-releasing H2S agents on the cell growth and differentiation of cardiac Lin− Sca1+ human mesenchymal stem cells (cMSC) and on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). In particular, we investigated the effects of water-soluble GSH–garlic conjugates (GSGa) on cMSC compared to other H2S-releasing agents, such as Na2S and GYY4137. GSGa treatment of cMSC and NHDF increased their cell proliferation and migration in a concentration dependent manner with respect to the control. GSGa treatment promoted an upregulation of the expression of proteins involved in oxidative stress protection, cell–cell adhesion and commitment to differentiation. These results highlight the effects of H2S-natural donors as biochemical factors that promote MSC homing, increasing their safety profile and efficacy after transplantation, and the value of these donors in developing functional 3D-stem cell delivery systems for cardiac muscle tissue repair and regeneration.

scholarly journals Potential Role of the Resident Mesenchymal Stem-Like Cells in Renal Fibrogenesis after Ureteral Obstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yong-Hua Peng ◽  
Jie Xiao ◽  
Chen Yan ◽  
Lan Luo ◽  
Tao-Sheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Renal Fibrogenesis

The mechanisms of renal fibrogenesis after ureteral obstruction remain unclear. We tried to primarily expand mesenchymal stem cells from renal tissues and then investigated their role in fibrogenesis after ureteral obstruction. Unilateral ureteral obstruction was induced by ligating the left ureteral duct of adult C57BL/6 mice. We collected the kidneys for experiments at 2, 7, and 14 days after operation. Histological analysis showed obviously fibrotic changes in the left kidney at 7 days and further increased at 14 days after ureteral obstruction. To expand mesenchymal stem cells, we minced the renal tissues into small explants (about 1 mm3) and cultured onto 10 cm dishes. Interestingly, the outgrowth of cells was observed significantly earlier from the explants of the obstructed left kidney than that of the unobstructed right kidney. These expanded cells showed the potency of adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiations and positively expressed with CD44 and partly expressed with CD90, CD105, and CD106, but negatively expressed with CD34, CD45, and FSP1, suggesting the phenotype of mesenchymal stem-like cells (MSLCs). The mouse fibrosis RT2 profiler PCR array showed that many genes were changed over 2-fold in the MSLCs expanded from both kidneys at 2, 7, and 14 days after operation. Interestingly, profibrotic genes were prevalently enhanced in the left kidney with ureteral obstruction. Histological analysis also showed obviously infiltration of inflammatory cells in the left kidney at 14 days after operation. Our data indicate the potential role of resident MSLCs in renal fibrogenesis after ureteral obstruction, but further experiments are required to understand the relevant mechanisms.

Potential Role of Growth Factors in Diminishing Radiation Therapy Neural Tissue Injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolaus H. Andratschke ◽  
Carsten Nieder ◽  
Roger E. Price ◽  
Belinda Rivera ◽  
K. Kian Ang
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Neural Tissue

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Action of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair Regeneration and their Implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (02) ◽  
pp. 104-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Singh ◽  
Suchi Gupta ◽  
Sonali Rawat ◽  
Swati Midha ◽  
Krishan Gopal Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Cell Replacement Therapy ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration

ABSTRACTCell replacement therapy holds a promising future in the treatment of degenerative diseases related to neuronal, cardiac and bone tissues. In such kind of diseases, there is a progressive loss of specific types of cells. Currently the most upcoming and trusted cell candidate is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as these cells are easy to isolate from the tissue, easy to maintain and expand and no ethical concerns are linked. MSCs can be obtained from a number of sources like bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord, dental pulp, adipose tissues, etc. MSCs help in tissue repair and regeneration by various mechanisms of action like cell differentiation, immunomodulation, paracrine effect, etc. The future of regenerative medicine lies in tissue engineering and exploiting various properties to yield maximum output. In the current review article, we have targeted the repair and regeneration mechanisms of MSCs in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac diseases and those related to bones. Yet there is a lot to understand, discover and then understand again about the molecular mechanisms of MSCs and then applying this knowledge in developing the therapy to get maximum repair and regeneration of concerned tissue and in turn the recovery of the patient.

scholarly journals The role of immunosuppression of mesenchymal stem cells in tissue repair and tumor growth

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Han ◽  
Yingying Jing ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yufang Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tissue Repair

Progress of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Tissue Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 2022-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guifang Zhao ◽  
Yiwen Ge ◽  
Chenyingnan Zhang ◽  
Leyi Zhang ◽  
Junjie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Tissue Specific

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of adult stem cells with self-replication and multidirectional differentiation, which can differentiate into tissue-specific cells under physiological conditions, maintaining tissue self-renewal and physiological functions. They play a role in the pathological condition by lateral differentiation into tissue-specific cells, replacing damaged tissue cells by playing the role of a regenerative medicine , or repairing damaged tissues through angiogenesis, thereby, regulating immune responses, inflammatory responses, and inhibiting apoptosis. It has become an important seed cell for tissue repair and organ reconstruction, and cell therapy based on MSCs has been widely used clinically. The study found that the probability of stem cells migrating to the damaged area after transplantation or differentiating into damaged cells is very low, so the researchers believe the leading role of stem cell transplantation for tissue repair is paracrine secretion, secreting growth factors, cytokines or other components. Exosomes are biologically active small vesicles secreted by MSCs. Recent studies have shown that they can transfer functional proteins, RNA, microRNAs, and lncRNAs between cells, and greatly reduce the immune response. Under the premise of promoting proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis, they play a repair role in tissue damage, which is caused by a variety of diseases. In this paper, the biological characteristics of exosomes (MSCs-exosomes) derived from mesenchymal stem cells, intercellular transport mechanisms, and their research progress in the field of stem cell therapy are reviewed.

The role of growth factors in maintenance of stemness in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 445 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Woo Eom ◽  
Ji-Eun Oh ◽  
Jong In Lee ◽  
Soon Koo Baik ◽  
Ki-Jong Rhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors
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