Relationship between depressive symptom severity and amygdala volume in a large community-based sample

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with negative affective cognitive biases. Differences on population level however remain unclear, including whether they normalise with remission. This study investigated associations between affective cognition and MDD within a large community-based sample.Methods: Participants from Generation Scotland (N=1,179) completed three affective tasks: (i) Bristol Emotion Recognition Task (BERT), (ii) Face Affective Go/No-go (FAGN), and (iii) Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT). After exclusions, individuals were classified as MDD-current (n=43), MDD-remitted (n=282), or non-MDD controls (n=784). Main analyses tested for hypothesised associations between affective bias summary measures and depressive symptoms, and for differences in affective biases between MDD-remitted versus non-MDD subjects. Exploratory analyses examined responses per task condition in more detail.Results: We found an association between greater depressive symptom severity and lower risk adjustment (CGT win, standardised coefficient =-0.02, p=0.03). This was attenuated when non-affective cognition (g) was accounted for, or when restricting analysis to those not currently taking antidepressant medication. Main analysis revealed no further clear evidence of affective biases, neither for MDD-remitted individuals. Exploratory analyses however suggested more subtle negative biases associated with depressive symptoms.Conclusions: Individuals with high depressive ratings were less likely to bet more despite increasingly favourable win conditions, which may indicate lower reward motivation, but could also be explained by lower non-affective cognitive functioning. Overall, results from this community-based sample showed limited evidence for overarching cognitive affective differences in MDD, though subtle negative biases related to current symptom severity suggested by exploratory analyses across the whole sample.

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Association of menopause symptoms with depressive symptom severity in a diverse community-based sample

Maturitas ◽

10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.09.009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 ◽

pp. 78-80

Author(s):

Xincheng Ji ◽

Sydney Singleterry ◽

Alexandra Kulikova ◽

Yaprak Harrison ◽

Geetha Shivakumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Community Based ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity ◽

Diverse Community

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N-acetylcysteine as an adjunctive treatment to reduce depressive symptom severity when C-reactive protein levels are increased

10.26226/morressier.5971be83d462b80290b52f0e ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sandra Odebrecht Vargas Nunes

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Adjunctive Treatment ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity

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The contribution of depressive ‘disorder characteristics’ to determinations of prognosis for adults with depression: an individual patient data meta-analysis

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721001367 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Joshua E. J. Buckman ◽

Rob Saunders ◽

Zachary D. Cohen ◽

Phoebe Barnett ◽

Katherine Clarke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depressive Symptom ◽

Panic Disorder ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Individual Patient Data ◽

Antidepressant Treatment ◽

Patient Data ◽

History Of ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate general factors associated with prognosis regardless of the type of treatment received, for adults with depression in primary care. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central (inception to 12/01/2020) for RCTs that included the most commonly used comprehensive measure of depressive and anxiety disorder symptoms and diagnoses, in primary care depression RCTs (the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule: CIS-R). Two-stage random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Results Twelve (n = 6024) of thirteen eligible studies (n = 6175) provided individual patient data. There was a 31% (95%CI: 25 to 37) difference in depressive symptoms at 3–4 months per standard deviation increase in baseline depressive symptoms. Four additional factors: the duration of anxiety; duration of depression; comorbid panic disorder; and a history of antidepressant treatment were also independently associated with poorer prognosis. There was evidence that the difference in prognosis when these factors were combined could be of clinical importance. Adding these variables improved the amount of variance explained in 3–4 month depressive symptoms from 16% using depressive symptom severity alone to 27%. Risk of bias (assessed with QUIPS) was low in all studies and quality (assessed with GRADE) was high. Sensitivity analyses did not alter our conclusions. Conclusions When adults seek treatment for depression clinicians should routinely assess for the duration of anxiety, duration of depression, comorbid panic disorder, and a history of antidepressant treatment alongside depressive symptom severity. This could provide clinicians and patients with useful and desired information to elucidate prognosis and aid the clinical management of depression.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR INSOMNIA: INFLUENCE OF SLIGHT-TO-MODERATE DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM SEVERITY AND WORRYING

Depression and Anxiety ◽

10.1002/da.22258 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 31 (8) ◽

pp. 662-668 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Astrid B. H. Hamoen ◽

Else M. Redlich ◽

Al W. de Weerd

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity

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Patient-reported outcomes before and after treatment of major depressive disorder

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience ◽

10.31887/dcns.2014.16.2/rcohen ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 171-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptom ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Burden Of Illness ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Before And After ◽

Depressive Symptom Severity ◽

The Impact ◽

Level 2

Patient reported outcomes (PROs) of quality of life (QoL), functioning, and depressive symptom severity are important in assessing the burden of illness of major depressive disorder (MDD) and to evaluate the impact of treatment. We sought to provide a detailed analysis of PROs before and after treatment of MDD from the large Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. This analysis examines PROs before and after treatment in the second level of STAR*D. The complete data on QoL, functioning, and depressive symptom severity, were analyzed for each STAR*D level 2 treatment. PROs of QoL, functioning, and depressive symptom severity showed substantial impairments after failing a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor trial using citalopram (level 1). The seven therapeutic options in level 2 had positive statistically (P values) and clinically (Cohen's standardized differences [Cohen's d]) significant impact on QoL, functioning, depressive symptom severity, and reduction in calculated burden of illness. There were no statistically significant differences between the interventions. However, a substantial proportion of patients still suffered from patient-reported QoL and functioning impairment after treatment, an effect that was more pronounced in nonremitters. PROs are crucial in understanding the impact of MDD and in examining the effects of treatment interventions, both in research and clinical settings.

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