scholarly journals Altered overnight levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in men and women with posttraumatic stress disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Küffer ◽  
Laura D. Straus ◽  
Aric A. Prather ◽  
Sabra S. Inslicht ◽  
Anne Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals Effects of Oxytocin on Fear Memory and Neuroinflammation in a Rodent Model of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Chiang Wang ◽  
Chen-Cheng Lin ◽  
Chun-Chuan Chen ◽  
Nian-Sheng Tzeng ◽  
Yia-Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Fear Extinction ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a trauma-induced mental disorder characterized by fear extinction abnormalities, which involve biological dysfunctions among fear circuit areas in the brain. Oxytocin (OXT) is a neuropeptide that regulates sexual reproduction and social interaction and has recently earned specific attention due to its role in adjusting neurobiological and behavioral correlates of PTSD; however, the mechanism by which this is achieved remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine whether the effects of OXT on traumatic stress-induced abnormalities of fear extinction (specifically induced by single prolonged stress (SPS), an animal model of PTSD) are associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Seven days after SPS, rats received intranasal OXT 40 min before a cue-dependent Pavlovian fear conditioning-extinction test in which rats’ freezing degree was used to reflect the outcome of fear extinction. We also measured mRNA expression of IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), hippocampus, and amygdala at the end of the study, together with plasma oxytocin, corticosterone, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, to reflect the central and peripheral changes of stress-related hormones and cytokines after SPS. Our results suggested that intranasal OXT effectively amends the SPS-impaired behavior of fear extinction retrieval. Moreover, it neurochemically reverses the SPS increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines; thus, IL-1β and IFN-γ can be further blocked by the OXT antagonist atosiban (ASB) in the hippocampus. Peripheral profiles revealed a similar response pattern to SPS of OXT and corticosterone (CORT), and the SPS-induced increase in plasma levels of IL-1β and TNF-α could be reduced by OXT. The present study suggests potential therapeutic effects of OXT in both behavioral and neuroinflammatory profiles of PTSD.

Intimate Partner Violence Predicts Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Severity Independent of Early Life and Deployment-Related Trauma in Deployed Men and Women Veterans

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093851
Author(s):  
Meghan E. Pierce ◽  
Catherine Fortier ◽  
Jennifer R. Fonda ◽  
William Milberg ◽  
Regina McGlinchey
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ptsd Severity

Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to emotional, physical, and/or sexual abuse perpetrated by a current or former partner. IPV affects both genders, though little is known about its effects on men as victims. The aims of this study were to determine if IPV is a factor contributing to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity independently of deployment-related trauma, and to determine if there are gender differences in these associations. Participants were 46 female and 471 male post-9/11 veterans. Four sequential regressions were employed to examine the independent contribution of IPV among multiple trauma types on PTSD severity in men and women at two epochs, post-deployment (participants were anchored to deployment-related PTSD symptoms) and current (within the past month). Models were significant for both epochs in men ( ps < .001) but not in women ( ps > .230). In men, IPV independently predicted PTSD severity in both epochs (β > .093). However, in women, early life trauma (β = .284), but not IPV was a significant and independent predictor for current PTSD. Thus, there are distinct gender differences in how trauma type contributes to PTSD symptom severity. Although the statistical models were not significant in women, we observed similar patterns of results as in men and, in some cases, the β was actually higher in women than in men, suggesting a lack of power in our analyses. More research is clearly needed to follow-up these results; however, our findings indicate that IPV is a contributing factor to PTSD severity in veterans.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Network Structures: A Comparison Between Men and Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie G. Gay ◽  
Blair E. Wisco ◽  
Eric C. Jones ◽  
Arthur D. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Disorder Symptom

Military Sexual Trauma During Deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan: Prevalence, Readjustment, and Gender Differences

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori S. Katz ◽  
Geta Cojucar ◽  
Sayeh Beheshti ◽  
Erin Nakamura ◽  
Michelle Murray
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Sexual Trauma ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Military Sexual Trauma ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
And Gender

This study examines military sexual trauma (MST) in men and women deployed in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. A diverse sample of 470 (408 men and 62 women) completed anonymous self-report questionnaires. Seventy-seven reported MST: 51 (12.5%) men and 26 (42%) women. MST was significantly related to symptoms and readjustment and most strongly with intimacy problems. Of those with MST, 73% also reported exposure to war-related stressors. Gender differences revealed that women reported a higher prevalence of MST, but men were more likely to endorse MST with multiple war-related stressors. However, no gender differences were found on reports of symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or readjustment. Implications of these results are discussed.

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