scholarly journals What have we learned from the dead? A compilation of three years of cooperation between entomologists and crime scene investigators in Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo C. Corrêa ◽  
Maria F.C. Caneparo ◽  
Karine P. Vairo ◽  
Alexandre G. de Lara ◽  
Mauricio O. Moura
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
The Dead

scholarly journals Phase separation during blood spreading

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houssine Benabdelhalim ◽  
David Brutin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Pool Area

AbstractBlood pools can spread on several types of substrates depending on the surrounding environment and conditions. Understanding the influence of these parameters on the spreading of blood pools can provide crime scene investigators with useful information. The focus of the present study is on phase separation, that is, when the serum spreads outside the main blood pool. For this purpose, blood pools with constant initial masses on wooden floors that were either varnished or not were created at ambient temperatures of $$21~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 21 ∘ C , $$29~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 29 ∘ C , and $$37~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 37 ∘ C with a relative humidity varying from 20 to 90%. The range $$21~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 21 ∘ C to $$37~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 37 ∘ C covers almost all worldwide indoor cases. The same whole blood from the same donor was used for all experiments. As a result, an increase in relative humidity was found to result in an increase in the final pool area. In addition, at the three different experimental temperatures, the serum spread outside the main pool at relative humidity levels above 50%. This phase separation is more significant on varnished substrates, and does not lead to any changes in the drying morphology. This phenomenon is explained by the competition between coagulation and evaporation.

scholarly journals Efficient DNA Sampling in Burglary Investigations

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Colin Charles Tièche ◽  
Markus Dubach ◽  
Martin Zieger
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
Forensic Dna ◽  
Dna Profile ◽  
Dna Database ◽  
Dna Sampling ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
Dna Collection ◽  
Private Homes ◽  
Reference Samples

In terms of crime scene investigations by means of forensic DNA-analyses, burglaries are the number one mass crime in Switzerland. Around one third of the DNA trace profiles registered in the Swiss DNA database are related to burglaries. However, during the collection of potential DNA traces within someone’s residence after a burglary, it is not known whether the sampled DNA originated from the perpetrator or from an inhabitant of said home. Because of the high incidence of burglaries, crime scene investigators usually do not collect reference samples from all the residents for economical and administrative reasons. Therefore, the presumably high probability that a DNA profile belonging to a person authorized to be at the crime scene ends up being sent to a DNA database for comparison, has to be taken into account. To our knowledge, no investigation has been made to evaluate the percentage of these non-perpetrator profiles straying into DNA databases. To shed light on this question, we collected reference samples from residents who had been victims of recent burglaries in their private homes. By comparing the profiles established from these reference samples with the profiles generated from trace DNA, we can show that the majority of the DNA samples collected in burglary investigations belong to the residents. Despite the limited number of cases included in the study, presumably due to a crime decline caused by the pandemic, we further show that trace DNA collection in the vicinity of the break and entry area, in particular window and door glasses, is most promising for sampling perpetrator instead of inhabitant DNA.

PTSD Symptoms Experienced and Coping Tactics Used by Crime Scene Investigators in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1444-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Rosansky ◽  
Jeffery Cook ◽  
Harold Rosenberg ◽  
Jon E. Sprague
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Coping Tactics

scholarly journals FTIR Hyperspectral Images of Microscopic Droplets of Splattered Blood

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott W. Huffman ◽  
Kara B. Lukasiewicz ◽  
Chris W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Exact Time ◽  
Important Clue ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
Forensic Investigations

During forensic Investigations, determining the time frame of a crime can be an extremely important clue for solving the case. The exact time at which a crime was committed can be especially difficult to determine when considerable time has elapsed. To improve the predictive capabilities of crime scene investigators, we have focused on using spectroscopic methods to Investigate the aging of bloodstains.

Crime scene investigators

SecEd ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Cosh
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators

A strategy for the forensic detection of distraction burglary

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-260
Author(s):  
John W Bond
Keyword(s):  
Dna Detection ◽  
Cognitive Interview ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Dna Recovery ◽  
Utility Company ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators

Although much reduced in recent years, distraction burglary involving elderly or vulnerable victims continues to make up ∼ 4% of recorded UK domestic burglaries. Detection of these offences by forensic means, such as DNA or fingerprints, can be problematic due to the forensic awareness of the offender and a lack of recall by the victim. In this study, we consider a range of measures designed to improve the forensic detection of distraction burglary using trace DNA or fingerprints. Our findings show that attendance at a distraction burglary by two crime scene investigators, one of whom conducted a cognitive interview of the victim, produced a statistically significant increase in the number of offences detected using trace DNA when the deception involved the offender purporting to be from a utility company. For this deception, a cognitive interview of the victim did not produce increases in the number of offences detected using fingerprints. A cognitive interview of the victim for other deceptions did not produce an increase in trace DNA detections although the frequency of both DNA and fingerprint recovery was reduced, thereby saving time and resources. This success of trace DNA detection is due to the careful targeting of surfaces by the crime scene investigator for DNA recovery, based on information received from the victim. Attendance by crime scene investigators up to 2 h after an offence was reported had no statistically significant effect on the forensic detection of the offence. We include a strategy for the forensic examination of distraction burglary.

scholarly journals Crime Scene Investigation Issues: Present Issues and Future Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2021) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Khairul Osman ◽  
Gina Francesca Gabriel ◽  
Noor Hazfalinda Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Crime Scene Investigation ◽  
Expert Report ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
Good Guide ◽  
Scene Investigation ◽  
Investigation Process

Crime Scene Investigation is the backbone of any criminal investigation. Expert report generated by Crime Scene Investigators are based on scientific evidence and are reported in a standard form. The content, when published should be reviewed rigorously by its peers. The expert report is a document detailing out how the investigation process of a crime scene was performed. The process of collecting and evidence processing do not only entail identifying, collecting and storing evidences for later analysis but it is a step by step process that is well structured in a document called Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Crime Scene Investigator. SOP is a complex document and sometimes overwhelmingly technical for the uninitiated. But if understood, it can be a good guide for law practitioners to determine if a piece of evidence should be included in a case. This article details out the SOP which entails groundwork before entering a crime scene, processing of a crime scene and wrapping up of the crime scene investigation. At each step, this paper will look at how it is adopted in current practices, its weakness and suggested improvement that should be adopted to ensure a final quality expert report.

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