Environmental performance of the urban form

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Legras ◽  
Jean Cavailhès
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todor Stojanovski

The lack of mobility choices in many Swedish neighbourhoods and cities designed for automobiles hinders the possibilities to shift towards more sustainable travel alternatives. Urban designers and planners can help with redesigning these neighbourhoods and creating urban forms that encourage walking, cycling and increased use of public transportation if they are informed about the environmental performance and carbon implications of transportation systems in existing and newly planned neighbourhoods. This paper proposes a mobility choices model based on urban form and accessibility factors commonly used in urban planning and design practices. The mobility choices model produces heat maps and visually informs about the integration with walking, cycling, public transportation and private car, modal shares, carbon emissions and transportation energy use. This information can (potentially) trigger urban transformation or redesign to better integrate sustainable travel alternatives in these neighbourhoods and contribute to more sustainable cities. Many houses can have an excellent environmental performance as buildings but they can be located at a distance where it is impossible to walk, cycle or use public transportation. The benefits of energy efficient and carbon neutral home then disappears with extensive travel and commuting by automobile.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2503 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Miguel Velasquez ◽  
Katrin Eisenbeiss

Cities in the developing world are experiencing rapid motorization. In Asian cities, the fleets of two-wheelers are growing particularly fast, with electric bikes (e-bikes) driving much of that growth, especially in China, where more than 200 million e-bikes are on the roads. This study aimed to provide elements to further the understanding of the environmental implications of the fast growth of e-bikes by examining their energy efficiency, effect on local air quality, and greenhouse gas emissions. The findings show that e-bikes have a positive environmental performance, with high energy efficiency compared with other transport modes and benefits for public health as a result of zero tailpipe emissions. The findings need to be weighed by the fact that e-bikes have higher accident rates and are a strong competitor for public transport that could threaten the financial sustainability of public transport and reduce its ability to shape the urban form in a more sustainable way.


2020 ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Oleg Yu. Chernykh ◽  
◽  
Vadim A. Bobrov ◽  
Sergey N. Zabashta ◽  
Roman A. Krivonos ◽  
...  

Rabies remains a constant threat to humanity in many parts of the world. At the same time, scientifically grounded antiepizootic measures should be based on the peculiarities of the regional epizootology of this zooanthroponosis. The authors studied the epizootological and statistical reporting data of the Kropotkin Regional Veterinary Laboratory, presented an analysis of the registration of rabies in animals in Krasnodar region. From the obtained data, it should be noted that despite the wide range of animals involved in the epizootic process of rabies infection in Krasnodar region, dogs, cats and foxes play a major role in the reservation and spread of infection, which account for 78.6. Of the total number of registered cases, 15.5% falls on foxes, that indicates the natural focus of the disease, along with the manifestation of the disease in an urban form. At the same time, stray and neglected dogs and cats, which occupy a significant place among the total number of sick animals, are also sources and spread of the infection. Thus farm animals (8.3% of the total number of infected animals) are a biological dead end for the infection. Isolated cases of the disease were noted in muskrat, donkey, raccoon, raccoon dog, marten, ferret and jackal. The authors also established the specific morbidity of various animal species with rabies infection, that is an important aspect in the development and implementation of antiepizootic measures complex


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