Urban Form And Environmental Performance Of Modern Cities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Salvati
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Modern Cities

The Networked City and the Sustainable Packaging Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1079-1082
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Da Yu Yang ◽  
Wen Juan Gu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Compact City ◽  
Packaging Design ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sustainable Packaging ◽  
Interactive Medium

The networks of different types and scales in the modern cities can be integrated into larger network complexes serving multiple functions. The networked compact city can be a sustainable urban form in China. And it will bring hope to deal with complicated problems which emerge one after another during the procedure of urbanization; for example, the problems of landfill and pollution problems. In the traditional model, more than one-third of landfill waste is attributable to packaging. The concept of the sustainable packaging being discussed in this paper is to reconstruct the functions of the packaging and to build an independent packaging design centre that can benefit both the suppliers and users of the packaging. It consists of the networked cities’ interactive medium, information systems, and logistics systems; and consumes less energy, natural resources and creates less waste.

scholarly journals Urban Form and Mobility Choices: Informing about Sustainable Travel Alternatives, Carbon Emissions and Energy Use from Transportation in Swedish Neighbourhoods

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todor Stojanovski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design

The lack of mobility choices in many Swedish neighbourhoods and cities designed for automobiles hinders the possibilities to shift towards more sustainable travel alternatives. Urban designers and planners can help with redesigning these neighbourhoods and creating urban forms that encourage walking, cycling and increased use of public transportation if they are informed about the environmental performance and carbon implications of transportation systems in existing and newly planned neighbourhoods. This paper proposes a mobility choices model based on urban form and accessibility factors commonly used in urban planning and design practices. The mobility choices model produces heat maps and visually informs about the integration with walking, cycling, public transportation and private car, modal shares, carbon emissions and transportation energy use. This information can (potentially) trigger urban transformation or redesign to better integrate sustainable travel alternatives in these neighbourhoods and contribute to more sustainable cities. Many houses can have an excellent environmental performance as buildings but they can be located at a distance where it is impossible to walk, cycle or use public transportation. The benefits of energy efficient and carbon neutral home then disappears with extensive travel and commuting by automobile.

Environmental performance of the urban form

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Legras ◽  
Jean Cavailhès
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Urban Form

The Topological City

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1985-2000
Author(s):  
Simon Kringas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Alternate Configuration

The Topological City is a design concept for a three-dimensional city in China. To accommodate future populations, cities need to be dense, diverse and ecological. Minimising the physical dimension reduces the consumption of material and energy and the destruction of ecological and agricultural landscapes. Mixed-use cities reduce the time, energy and congestion of travel. The integration of natural systems improves environmental quality and supports biodiversity. Ultimately however, the quality and functionality of contemporary urban life relies on dynamics of economic, social and intellectual interaction. The design form of a city must facilitate exchange between heterogeneous and changing programs while minimising energy and maximising habitat. High-rise construction is the dominant morphology of modern cities. Generated by an extrusion from the ground toward the sky, high-rise adds significant density but results in circulatory dead ends, structural inefficiency and habitat disconnectedness. High-rise is not interactive, energy efficient, or ecological. The Topological City proposes an alternate configuration of the urban environment. Drawing on the theory of place and connection known as ‘topology’, it constructs a three-dimensional network of vertical and horizontal towers, connected and activated by circulation. The Topological City is dense, diverse, ecological and interactive, suggesting a potential new direction for sustainable urban form.

Urban and House Form Constrained by Water Resources—Morgantina

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora P. Crouch
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Water System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Preferences ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Broad Subject ◽  
Singular Analysis

Although we may think that physical form of a city is mainly the result of cultural preferences interacting with the inherent potential of local materials, there are in fact even more basic constraints that constitute the substratum of every urban form because they are the basis of life itself. These factors are food, water, and the earth that provides them and makes life possible. The urban form makes explicit how the society provides food and water for its members and how they relate to the earth. Intentionally and unintentionally, the forms of the houses, the work places, the public buildings, and the open spaces reflect the people's values and ways of behaving, as well as what they know about their environment and how they manipulate it. We are so accustomed to analyzing modern cities or “primitive” cultures in these terms that to state them is to utter a truism, but in the study of ancient cities these ideas have been applied rarely if at all. One cannot exhaust this broad subject in one chapter, since the formal and technical details are not condensible, nor are the cultural-historic aspects susceptible to terse summary. Rather, we will take one basic constraint—water—and examine it in the light of the evidence from one particular place—Morgantina, Sicily—with just enough comparative material to make the details from Morgantina stand out clearly. This singular analysis will, I hope, suggest how fruitful it would be to study ancient urbanization in terms of the social and architectural results of resource management. The ordinary provisions for urban form and water management as they interrelated at one ordinary site are discussed in this chapter. The desired urban form dictated placement of water system elements, and the water potential was exploited to make possible the kind of physical arrangement preferred by the urban dwellers. In this provincial town, the standard solutions for water management were applied, and the resulting urban form differed from the typical only in the feature of the great steps, which as we have seen, were specifically built to solve a drainage problem. The street patterns of ancient Greek cities are discussed in Chapter 5, Urban Patterns.

scholarly journals Towards Informal Planning: Mapping the Evolution of Spontaneous Settlements in Time.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maddalena Iovene ◽  
Graciela Fernandéz De Córdova ◽  
Ombretta Romice ◽  
Sergio Porta
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Complex Adaptive System ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Scale Reading ◽  
Modern Cities

Maddalena Iovene¹, Graciela Fernandéz De Córdova2, Ombretta Romice¹, Sergio Porta¹ ¹Urban Design Studies Unit (UDSU). Department of Architecture. University of Strathclyde. 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G11XJ, UK. 2Centro de Investigación de la Arquitectura y la Ciudad (CIAC), Departamento de Arquitectura, PUCP. Av. Universitaria 1801, 32 San Miguel, Lima, Peru. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],  [email protected] Keywords (3-5): Informal Settlement, Peru, Lima, Model of Change, Urban Morphology Conference topics and scale: Reading and Regenerating the Informal City   Cities are the largest complex adaptive system in human culture and have always been changing in time according to largely unplanned patterns of development. Though urban morphology has typically addressed studies of form in cities, with emphasis on historical cases, diachronic comparative studies are still relatively rare, especially those based on quantitative analysis. As a result, we are still far from laying the ground for a comprehensive understanding of the urban form’s model of change. However, developing such understanding is extremely relevant as the cross-scale interlink between the spatial and social-economic dynamics in cities are increasingly recognized to play a major role in the complex functioning of urban systems and quality of life. We study the urban form of San Pedro de Ate, an informal settlement in Lima, Peru, along its entire cycle of development over the last seventy years. Our study, conducted through a four-months on-site field research, is based on the idea that informal settlements would change according to patterns similar to those of pre-modern cities, though at a much faster pace of growth, yet giving the opportunity to observe the evolution of an urban organism in a limited time span. To do so we first digitalize aerial photographs of five different time periods (from 1944 to 2013), to then conduct a typo-morphological analysis at five scales: a) unit, b) building, c) plot, d) block, and e) settlement (comprehensive of public spaces and street network). We identify and classify patterns of change in the settlement’s urban structure using recognised literature on pre-modern cities, thus supporting our original hypothesis. We then suggest a unitary model of analysis that we name Temporal Settlement Matrix (TSM).   Reference List Caniggia, G., & Maffei, G. L. (2008). Lettura dell’edilizia di base (Vol. 215). Alinea Editrice. Conzen, M. R. G. (1958). The growth and character of Whitby. A Survey of Whitby and the Surrounding Area, 49–89. Hernández, F., Kellett, P. W., & Allen, L. K. (2010). Rethinking the informal city: critical perspectives from Latin America (Vol. 11). Berghahn Books. Kropf, K. (2009). Aspects of urban form. Urban Morphology, 13(2), 105–120. Muratori, S. (1960). Studi per una operante storia urbana di Venezia. Palladio, 1959, 1–113. 22. Porta, S., Romice, O., Maxwell, J. A., Russell, P., & Baird, D. (2014). Alterations in scale: patterns of change in main street networks across time and space. Urban Studies, 51(16), 3383–3400. Watson, V. (2009). “The planned city sweeps the poor away…”: Urban planning and 21st century urbanisation. Progress in Planning, 72(3), 151–193. Whitehand, J. W. R. (2001). Changing suburban landscapes at the microscale. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 92(2), 164–184.

scholarly journals Adapting Design Principles of Traditional Courtyard Housing for Future Urban Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Soroush Nikeghbali
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Traditional Design ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Design Proposal

Most cities in recent decades have copied the modern type of architecture and urban design of the western countries. Modern cities in different regions of the world have been relatively developed with similar urban form types. In this research, it has been suggested to investigate the traditional or vernacular architecture and to propose new design principles based on the historic shape of cities. Thus the paper has been concentrated on vernacular architecture of traditional Iranian cities. The research has been focused on analysing the vernacular architecture of this country and to define the main traditional design principles in scale of urban fabric particularly in residential neighbourhoods. These principles have been adapted to be applicable for the contemporary life style and condition of the Iranian cities. The design proposal has been assessed via an inquiry by design process in order to understand the feasibility and adequacy of the suggested design principles. This research can show the methodology of learning from the traditional architecture and urban design to make new distinctive urban forms. Such urban forms create distinguished local identity for Iranian residential urban fabrics.

Emergence of Electric-Powered Two-Wheelers on Asian Roads

2015 ◽  
Vol 2503 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Miguel Velasquez ◽  
Katrin Eisenbeiss
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Asian Cities ◽  
High Energy Efficiency

Cities in the developing world are experiencing rapid motorization. In Asian cities, the fleets of two-wheelers are growing particularly fast, with electric bikes (e-bikes) driving much of that growth, especially in China, where more than 200 million e-bikes are on the roads. This study aimed to provide elements to further the understanding of the environmental implications of the fast growth of e-bikes by examining their energy efficiency, effect on local air quality, and greenhouse gas emissions. The findings show that e-bikes have a positive environmental performance, with high energy efficiency compared with other transport modes and benefits for public health as a result of zero tailpipe emissions. The findings need to be weighed by the fact that e-bikes have higher accident rates and are a strong competitor for public transport that could threaten the financial sustainability of public transport and reduce its ability to shape the urban form in a more sustainable way.

scholarly journals Identify Urban Spatial Patterns Based on the Plot Shapes and Building Setting in Downtown of Nanjing.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wowo Ding ◽  
Yusheng Gu ◽  
Lian Tang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
General Survey ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
The Relationship

Yusheng Gu, Lian Tang, Wowo DingSchool of Architecture & Urban Planning, Nanjing University, No.22 Hankou Rd, Jiangsu 210093, P.R.ChinaE-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: +86 13951786797; +86 25 8359 7205Key words: Spatial Configuration, Building Pattern, Plot Pattern, Plot Boundary Line The geometric characteristics of modern cities have been difficult to describe that is important for urban design, which deserve to be further interpreted. Taking advantage of Conzen’s methodology, the building is tightly related with its plot, which means the certain building pattern can be described by examining the generation of the building arrangement within the plot. Simultaneously, the building pattern is highly affected by the plot pattern it is located. In view of these, plot patterns together with land property and site coding could be taken as the clue for understanding both building patterns and urban spatial configuration. 35 commercial blocks in Nanjing downtown areas are chosen as research samples. Firstly, the internal structure of the blocks will be studied by analyzing the patterns, functions and land utilities of its plots. Focusing on the site coding and regulation, the building arrangement could be clarified and mapped. The results will identify the urban spatial patterns in downtown of Nanjing by mapping the characteristics of plot size, shape, properties and boundary lines. Therefore, the method on describing urban spatial configuration in modern cities could be developed. References(70 words) Conzen, M.R.G.(1960) “Alnwick, Northumberland: A Study in Town Plan Analysis" , Institute of British Geographers. Conzen, Michael P. (2004) Thinking about urban form : papers on urban morphology, Peter Lang Publishing. Dongxue Wang(2016) The relationship between the space of block and the plot boundary-based on a general survey in Nanjing, Master's thesis of Nanjing University. Jingjing Jiang(2015)Commercial plots and building patterns analysis-based on a general survey in Nanjing, Master's thesis of Nanjing University.  

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