scholarly journals Resource use and economic development: an exergy perspective on energy and material flows and stocks from 1900 to 2010

2021 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 105226
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel Carmona ◽  
Kai Whiting ◽  
Dominik Wiedenhofer ◽  
Fridolin Krausmann ◽  
Tânia Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Material Flows ◽  
Energy And Material Flows

Exergy-based tool path evaluation method of material and energy flows to support the sustainable-oriented intelligent manufacturing

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622091108
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Chaozhong Guo ◽  
Jihong Yan ◽  
Fu Zhao ◽  
John W Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Exergy Loss ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Material Flows ◽  
Milling Tool ◽  
Energy And Material Flows

The environmental performance of machining processes is of extreme importance in the field of sustainable manufacturing. The development of an environmental impact assessment method is a crucial strategy to realize energy and material efficient manufacturing, yet few studies have addressed energy and material flows using a common perspective. In principle, to realize the minimum environmental impact, energy and material flows must be viewed using the same metric; this is required to avoid impact shifting from energy to material or vice versa. In this paper, an environmental evaluation method for milling tool path strategies is proposed to support intelligent manufacturing, which considers energy flow (electricity provided to the machine tool and air compressor) and material flows (associated with the cutting tool, workpiece, and cutting fluid) for a milling process. The proposed method provides a quantitative calculation to characterize the total exergy loss in terms of energy and material flows. It is envisioned that total exergy loss can support quantitative decisions related to electricity consumption, tool wear, metal chips recycling, and cutting fluid loss. To demonstrate the applicability of the method, a case study is considered in which a milling tool path is selected to minimize exergy loss. The proposed method will be integrated into an intelligent control system for evaluating the total exergy loss of a milling process, which can assist manufacturers to make reliable decisions to reduce the environmental impact during machining stage in the industry 4.0 era.

scholarly journals Greening Kenya’s Special Economic Zones and Industrial Parks: Achieving their Competitiveness in the face of Resource Scarcity and a Changing Climate Regime

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Kelvin Khisa ◽  
Arthur Onyuka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Economic Development Model ◽  
Economic Zones

The culture of industrialization through special economic zones (SEZs) and industrial parks (IPs) is gathering momentum in Kenya. Increasingly, the Kenyan private sector is recognizing that SEZs/ IPs do provide an enabling environment for manufacturing comprising of energy, water, telecommunications, transport, and waste management infrastructure that is non-existent in other manufacturing locations across the country. Because SEZs/ IPs concentrate industries in delimited zones, their strict adherence to the ideals of resource use efficiency and eco-innovation as well as waste and by-product exchange through industrial symbiosis (IS) will enable them increase their productivity and lower their carbon footprints while remaining competitive. Unfortunately, the current master plans governing the planning, design, construction, and operationalization of the country’s SEZs/IPs are based on the wasteful linear economic development model of extracting raw materials, converting them into consumable products and discarding the resultant wastes into the landfill/ dumpsite. This traditional linear economic development model is characterized with linear flows of matter, where raw material inputs are mined, value added into desired products, made use of, and discarded with a trail of waste at every stage of the supply chain. Such an approach to economic development can only be sustainable in a situation where the country is endowed with endless resources for its increasing demand and that land is always available for waste disposal. This is certainly not the case for Kenya. As a result, there is emerging international consensus that over-reliance on wasteful linear economic development models is no longer sustainable. A much more promising economic development model is one that seeks to promote a circular economy that is powered by enhanced resource use efficiency, the adoption of the 3R philosophy of reducing, reusing, and recycling wastes, before engaging industrial symbiosis to deal with the inevitable residual waste. This paper highlights the environmental and socio-economic benefits of the spontaneous evolution of industrial symbiosis at the Athi River SEZ in four clusters. The results reveal a spontaneously emerging cluster network within the economic zone that is largely driven by the prevailing forces of supply and demand; an existing intercompany material flow system that is being hampered by a weak waste recovery and recycling infrastructure; a limited application of the principles of industrial ecology in mitigating the environmental challenges of the economic zone; and a weak governance structure that is incapable of enabling the entire economic zone to assume low-carbon, resource efficient and climate resilient operational status.

scholarly journals RATIONAL STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ECONOMY MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Irina Kuksova ◽  
Irina Zinoveva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Rational Management

The article is devoted to the development of the methodology of rational management of the economics of environmental management. The importance of this study stems from the need to establish principles and strategies for sound economic management to promote economic development, sustainable resource use, reduce environmental problems and support human livelihoods. This article highlights the latest developments in the field of economic development management strategies for environmental management. Regulatory forecasts are proposed to rationalize management in accordance with the strategic goals and the achievement of established measures for the development of the environmental economy, which allows to ensure the country's competitiveness. Theoretical approaches and practical recommendations for the formation of the structure of rational management of the economy of natural resource use have been developed. The article reflects the current research results in the field of development of the methodology of rational management of the economics of environmental management. The features of environmental management are revealed and their assessment is proposed, where the functional purpose of rationalization, the purpose and the direction of the results are highlighted as classification signs. The practical experience of the level of achievement of planned values of indicators of environmental state subprograms in the Russian Federation is analyzed. The advantages of rational management of nature management economics are shown. The key elements of this article can be used as theories and strategies for justifying, selecting and implementing economic and economic projects, integrating environmental protection measures, mitigating environmental impacts, mitigating the effects of climate change and managing climate change. The conclusions drawn are based on an assessment of good or bad governance and technical judgment.

scholarly journals Protection of Female Workers' rights in Employment and Incomes in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Hong Loan NGUYEN ◽  
Thu Trang PHAM ◽  
Thi Ngoc Anh NGUYEN ◽  
Thi Thu Thuy BUI ◽  
Hong Thai NGUYEN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Female Employees

As an important task of the country's socio-economic development, protecting the rights offemale workers in employment and income is concerned and implemented by international organizationsand all countries in the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting the global economy and hurtthe incomes and employment of many female workers. In Vietnam nowadays, there is an increase in theunemployment rate of female workers, gender inequality in employment and income, and the ability tosecure their jobs and income. The article analyzes the current regulations and their implementation in theemployment and income of Vietnamese female workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thearticle also proposes some recommendations on legal provisions related to training backup jobs, arrangingand employing female employees, providing income support for female employees during leave due tothe COVID-19 epidemic; and policies related to female workers and their employers. Theserecommendations will improve Vietnam's labor law on female workers’ rights in employment and incomeand enhance the efficiency of human resource use and socio-economic development.

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