Disease-suppressive compost enhances natural soil suppressiveness against soil-borne plant pathogens: A critical review

Rhizosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 100192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo De Corato
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness

scholarly journals Phloroglucinol Derivatives in Plant-Beneficial Pseudomonas spp.: Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Functions

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Adrien Biessy ◽  
Martin Filion
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Phloroglucinol Derivatives ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Biosynthesis Regulation

Plant-beneficial Pseudomonas spp. aggressively colonize the rhizosphere and produce numerous secondary metabolites, such as 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). DAPG is a phloroglucinol derivative that contributes to disease suppression, thanks to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. A famous example of this biocontrol activity has been previously described in the context of wheat monoculture where a decline in take-all disease (caused by the ascomycete Gaeumannomyces tritici) has been shown to be associated with rhizosphere colonization by DAPG-producing Pseudomonas spp. In this review, we discuss the biosynthesis and regulation of phloroglucinol derivatives in the genus Pseudomonas, as well as investigate the role played by DAPG-producing Pseudomonas spp. in natural soil suppressiveness. We also tackle the mode of action of phloroglucinol derivatives, which can act as antibiotics, signalling molecules and, in some cases, even as pathogenicity factors. Finally, we discuss the genetic and genomic diversity of DAPG-producing Pseudomonas spp. as well as its importance for improving the biocontrol of plant pathogens.

scholarly journals Bacterial Chitinolytic Communities Respond to Chitin and pH Alteration in Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Kielak ◽  
Mariana Silvia Cretoiu ◽  
Alexander V. Semenov ◽  
Søren J. Sørensen ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

ABSTRACTChitin amendment is a promising soil management strategy that may enhance the suppressiveness of soil toward plant pathogens. However, we understand very little of the effects of added chitin, including the putative successions that take place in the degradative process. We performed an experiment in moderately acid soil in which the level of chitin, next to the pH, was altered. Examination of chitinase activities revealed fast responses to the added crude chitin, with peaks of enzymatic activity occurring on day 7. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)-based analyses of 16S rRNA andchiAgenes showed structural changes of the phylogenetically and functionally based bacterial communities following chitin addition and pH alteration. Pyrosequencing analysis indicated (i) that the diversity ofchiAgene types in soil is enormous and (i) that differentchiAgene types are selected by the addition of chitin at different prevailing soil pH values. Interestingly, a major role of Gram-negative bacteria versus a minor one ofActinobacteriain the immediate response to the added chitin (based on 16S rRNA gene abundance andchiAgene types) was indicated. The results of this study enhance our understanding of the response of the soil bacterial communities to chitin and are of use for both the understanding of soil suppressiveness and the possible mining of soil for novel enzymes.

The concept of soil infectivity and a method for its determination as applied to Endomycorrhizas

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Plenchette ◽  
R. Perrin ◽  
P. Duvert
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Concentration ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Mycorrhiza Formation ◽  
Soil Infectivity ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of soil infectivity, widely used for soil-borne plant pathogens, is applied to the fungi forming vesicular–arbuscular endomycorrhizae. The authors propose a method for the determination of the mycorrhizal soil infectivity (MSI) using leek, a highly mycotrophic plant, for the bioassays. Under controlled conditions, populations of leek plants are grown in a range of concentrations of a natural soil mixed with autoclaved volumes of the same soil. The relationship between the percentage of plants forming mycorrhizae and the soil concentration is used as the basis for the determination of the quantity of soil required to obtain mycorrhiza formation on 50% of the host plant population; the results are defined in terms of MSI units and are expressed as MSI50 for 100 g of soil. The features of the method are illustrated in a comparative study of four agricultural soils from France.

scholarly journals Assessing plant pathogen infection rates in natural soils using R

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn C Rall ◽  
Ellen Latz
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Plant Infection ◽  
Infection Parameters ◽  
Iterative Maximum Likelihood

The potential of soils to naturally suppress inherent plant pathogens is an important ecosystem function. Usually, pathogen infection assays are used for estimating the suppressive potential of soils. In natural soils, however, co-occurring pathogens might simultaneously infect plants complicating the estimation of a focal pathogen's infection rate as a measure of soil suppressiveness. Here, we present a method in R correcting for these unwanted effects by developing a two pathogen mono-molecular infection model. We fit the two pathogen mono-molecular infection model to data by using an integrative approach combining a numerical simulation of the model with an iterative maximum likelihood fit. We show that in presence of co-occurring pathogens uncorrected data critically under- respectively overestimate soil suppressiveness measures. In contrast, our new approach enables to precisely estimate soil suppressiveness measures such as plant infection rate and plant resistance time. Our method allows a correction of measured infection parameters that is necessary in case different pathogens are present. We propose our method to be particularly useful for exploring soil suppressiveness of natural soils from different sites (e.g., in biodiversity experiments).

scholarly journals Assessing plant pathogen infection rates in natural soils using R

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn C Rall ◽  
Ellen Latz
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Plant Infection ◽  
Infection Parameters ◽  
Iterative Maximum Likelihood

The potential of soils to naturally suppress inherent plant pathogens is an important ecosystem function. Usually, pathogen infection assays are used for estimating the suppressive potential of soils. In natural soils, however, co-occurring pathogens might simultaneously infect plants complicating the estimation of a focal pathogen's infection rate as a measure of soil suppressiveness. Here, we present a method in R correcting for these unwanted effects by developing a two pathogen mono-molecular infection model. We fit the two pathogen mono-molecular infection model to data by using an integrative approach combining a numerical simulation of the model with an iterative maximum likelihood fit. We show that in presence of co-occurring pathogens uncorrected data critically under- respectively overestimate soil suppressiveness measures. In contrast, our new approach enables to precisely estimate soil suppressiveness measures such as plant infection rate and plant resistance time. Our method allows a correction of measured infection parameters that is necessary in case different pathogens are present. We propose our method to be particularly useful for exploring soil suppressiveness of natural soils from different sites (e.g., in biodiversity experiments).

scholarly journals Phenazine antibiotics produced by fluorescent pseudomonads contribute to natural soil suppressiveness to Fusarium wilt

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 977-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Mazurier ◽  
Thérèse Corberand ◽  
Philippe Lemanceau ◽  
Jos M Raaijmakers
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonads ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Phenazine Antibiotics

INACTIVATION OF SEED-BORNE PLANT PATHOGENS IN THE SOIL

1938 ◽  
Vol 16c (9) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Henry ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Antibiotic Action ◽  
Micro Organisms

Certain seed-borne pathogens are inactivated to a marked degree when infested seed is sown in natural soil. Polyspora lini and Colletotrichum lini, the fungi causing respectively the Browning and Anthracnose diseases of flax, are so affected, both when naturally and artificially infested seed is used. This appears to be due largely to the antibiotic action of the micro-organisms of the soil, since in sterilized soil similar seed produces significantly higher percentages of infection. Infection may be reduced as much or more by this means as by seed treatment with certain fungicides.On the contrary, some seed-borne pathogens apparently are not inactivated to such an extent as to produce consistently less disease in natural than in sterilized soil. This has been indicated by preliminary experiments with certain smut fungi, for example those causing bunt of wheat.

Effects of ALS-inhibitor herbicides, crop sequence, and fertilization on natural soil suppressiveness to Striga hermonthica

2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monday O. Ahonsi ◽  
Dana K. Berner ◽  
Alphonse M. Emechebe ◽  
Segun T. Lagoke
Keyword(s):  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Als Inhibitor ◽  
Crop Sequence

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Characterization and Biological Activities of a Digestate and a More Stabilized Digestate-Derived Compost from Agro-Waste

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Vitti ◽  
Hazem S. Elshafie ◽  
Giuseppina Logozzo ◽  
Stefania Marzario ◽  
Antonio Scopa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect

The excessive use of agricultural soils and the reduction in their organic matter, following circular economy and environmental sustainability concepts, determined a strong attention in considering composting as a preferred method for municipalities and industries to recycle organic by-products. Microorganisms degrade organic matter for producing CO2, water and energy, originating stable humus named compost. The current study analyzed the chemical composition of a cow slurry on-farm digestate and a more stabilized digestate-derived compost (DdC), along with their phytotoxic, genotoxic and antifungal activities. The chemical analysis showed that digestate cannot be an ideal amendment due to some non-acceptable characteristics. Biological assays showed that the digestate had phytotoxicity on the tested plants, whereas DdC did not induce a phytotoxic effect in both plants at the lowest dilution; hence, the latter was considered in subsequent analyses. The digestate and DdC induced significant antifungal activity against some tested fungi. DdC did not show genotoxic effect on Vicia faba using a micronuclei test. Soil treated with DdC (5 and 10%) induced damping-off suppression caused by Fusarium solani in tomato plants. The eco-physiological data indicated that DdC at 5–10% could increase the growth of tomato plants. In conclusion, DdC is eligible as a soil amendment and to strengthen the natural soil suppressiveness against F. solani.

scholarly journals Chitin Amendment Increases Soil Suppressiveness toward Plant Pathogens and Modulates the Actinobacterial and Oxalobacteraceal Communities in an Experimental Agricultural Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (17) ◽  
pp. 5291-5301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Silvia Cretoiu ◽  
Gerard W. Korthals ◽  
Johnny H. M. Visser ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Long Term Experiment

ABSTRACTA long-term experiment on the effect of chitin addition to soil on the suppression of soilborne pathogens was set up and monitored for 8 years in an experimental field, Vredepeel, The Netherlands. Chitinous matter obtained from shrimps was added to soil top layers on two different occasions, and the suppressiveness of soil towardVerticillium dahliae, as well as plant-pathogenic nematodes, was assessed, in addition to analyses of the abundances and community structures of members of the soil microbiota. The data revealed that chitin amendment had raised the suppressiveness of soil, in particular towardVerticillium dahliae, 9 months after the (second) treatment, extending to 2 years following treatment. Moreover, major effects of the added chitin on the soil microbial communities were detected. First, shifts in both the abundances and structures of the chitin-treated soil microbial communities, both of total soil bacteria and fungi, were found. In addition, the abundances and structures of soil actinobacteria and theOxalobacteraceaewere affected by chitin. At the functional gene level, the abundance of specific (family-18 glycoside hydrolase) chitinase genes carried by the soil bacteria also revealed upshifts as a result of the added chitin. The effects of chitin noted for theOxalobacteraceaewere specifically related to significant upshifts in the abundances of the speciesDuganella violaceinigraandMassilia plicata. These effects of chitin persisted over the time of the experiment.

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