scholarly journals Steam Pretreatment of Rice Hulls to Release Fermentable Saccharides: An Approach to Improve Recovery of (Hemi)Cellulosic Sugars Through Multivariate Design

Rice Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-510
Author(s):  
Sheila Montipó ◽  
Christian Roslander ◽  
Marli Camassola ◽  
Mats Galbe ◽  
Ola Wallberg
Keyword(s):  
Steam Pretreatment ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Cellulosic Sugars

Silicon Tetrachloride Synthesis from Rice Hulls: Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscope Study

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 236-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Thomas ◽  
Prabir K. Basu ◽  
Francis T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Tetrachloride ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Chemical Heterogeneity ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Hull Structure ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Disposal Problem

Silicon tetrachloride, used in industry for the production of highest purity silicon and silica, is customarily manufactured from silica-sand and charcoal.SiCl4 can also be made from rice hulls, which contain up to 20 percent silica and only traces of other mineral matter. Hulls, after carbonization, actually prove superior as a starting material since they react at lower temperature. This use of rice hulls may offer a new, profitable solution for a rice mill byproduct disposal problem.In studies of the reaction kinetics with carbonized hulls, conversion of SiO2 to SiCl4 was found to proceed within a few minutes to a constant, limited yield which depended reproducibly on the ambient temperature of the reactor. See Fig. 1. This suggested that physical or chemical heterogeneity of the silica in the hull structure might be involved.

scholarly journals The Use of Rice Hulls for Sustainable Control of NOxEmissions in Deep Space Missions

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1813-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. H. Xu ◽  
Y. Shi ◽  
D. Kwak ◽  
S. G. Chang ◽  
J. W. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Missions ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Rice Hulls

scholarly journals Cellulosic Bioethanol from Industrial Eucalyptus globulus Bark Residues Using Kraft Pulping as a Pretreatment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2185
Author(s):  
Mariana S. T. Amândio ◽  
Jorge M. S. Rocha ◽  
Luísa S. Serafim ◽  
Ana M. R. B. Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Fermentation Performance ◽  
Xylose Consumption ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Cellulosic Sugars ◽  
Separate Hydrolysis And Fermentation

The pulp and paper industry faces an emerging challenge for valorising wastes and side-streams generated according to the biorefinery concept. Eucalyptus globulus bark, an abundant industrial residue in the Portuguese pulp and paper sector, has a high potential to be converted into biobased products instead of being burned. This work aimed to evaluate the ethanol production from E. globulus bark previously submitted to kraft pulping through separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) configuration. Fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis provided a concentrated hydrolysate with 161.6 g·L−1 of cellulosic sugars. S. cerevisiae and Ethanol Red® strains demonstrated a very good fermentation performance, despite a negligible xylose consumption. S. passalidarum, a yeast known for its capability to consume pentoses, was studied in a simultaneous co-culture with Ethanol Red®. However, bioethanol production was not improved. The best fermentation performance was achieved by Ethanol Red®, which provided a maximum ethanol concentration near 50 g·L−1 and fermentation efficiency of 80%. Concluding, kraft pulp from E. globulus bark showed a high potential to be converted into cellulosic bioethanol, being susceptible to implementing an integrated biorefinery on the pulp and paper industrial plants.

Combined Steam Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Starch-Free Wheat Fibers

2004 ◽  
Vol 115 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 0989-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Palmarola-Adrados ◽  
Mats Galbe ◽  
Guido Zacchi
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Steam Pretreatment ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Hemicellulose structural changes during steam pretreatment and biogradation of Lentinus edodes

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengbo Ge ◽  
Xiangmeng Chen ◽  
Dongli Li ◽  
Zhenling Liu ◽  
Hui Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Steam Pretreatment ◽  
Lentinus Edodes

Influence of the processing method on the heat resistance of the secondary block copolymer of propylene and ethylene filled with rice hulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
A. R. Sadritdinov ◽  
◽  
E. M. Zakharova ◽  
A. A. Psyanchin ◽  
A. G. Khusnullin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Molding Method

Polymer composites based on secondary thermoplastic polymers filled with biodegradable components of plant origin was developed. Repeated thermal and mechanical action on polymers during their processing in the presence of dispersed phase particles leads to a change in the thermophysical and strength characteristics of finished products. The paper studies the regularities of changes in the heat resistance of polymer composites based on a secondary block copolymer of propylene and ethylene, and rice husks, processed by injection molding and pressing. It is shown that filling the secondary polymer with rice hulls leads to an increase in the heat resistance of composites, which is characterized by an increase in the bending temperature under load, Vicat softening temperature, and decomposition temperature during thermogravimetric analysis in an inert atmosphere. Compared to the injection molding method, the processing of polymer composites by pressing makes it possible to obtain more heat-resistant plastic products. Obviously, this is due to the different degrees of crystallinity of the polymer phase. The high cooling rate of the polymer composite melt during the filling of the injection mold reduces the time required for the corresponding change in the conformation of macromolecules and the formation of the crystalline phase. As a consequence, an increase in the content of the amorphous phase of the secondary block copolymer of propylene and ethylene decreases the heat resistance of the prototypes.

249 Increasing Structural Fiber Improves Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
Sara Ebarb ◽  
Sabrina May ◽  
Mark D Newcomb
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Wheat Middlings

Abstract Fiber ingredients in swine diets have various components that affect the intestinal tract distinctively. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of structural fiber sources on growth performance of nursery pigs. A total of 1,760 weanling pigs (initial BW = 6.12 ± 0.3 kg, 16 reps/trt, 22 pigs/pen) were used in a study with 5 dietary treatments: 1) Complex nursery diet with no additional fiber (CON); 2) CON + 2% rice hulls; 3) CON + 4% rice hulls; 4) CON + 6% wheat middlings; 5) CON + 12% wheat middlings. Fiber ingredients were added at the expense of corn and some processed soybean meal to maintain similar dietary protein levels. Using an in vitro fermentation estimation of fermentation for rice hulls and wheat middlings, diets were constructed to add similar levels of structural (non-fermentable NDF) fiber between low and high additions of rice hulls and wheat middlings. Pens across two barns were randomly allotted independent of one another and within a location block to one of the five treatments on d 0 of a two-phase study (d 0–11 and d 11–20.5 post-weaning). Data were analyzed by general linear model in R. Mortality and removal data were analyzed as a generalized linear mixed model with a binomial distribution. Contrasts tested the effect of additional fiber (CON vs treatments 2–5), effect of medium vs high fiber (treatment 2/4 vs 3/5), effect of source of fiber (treatment 2/3 vs 4/5), and the interaction of level and source of fiber. Overall (Table 1), additional fiber resulted in increased ADFI (P < 0.05) and tended to increase ADG (P < 0.10). Probability of mortality and removal was reduced (P < 0.05) when additional fiber was included. In summary, increasing the level of structural fiber improved performance and livability of nursery pigs.

scholarly journals Comparative Population Growth of the Psocid Liposcelis yunnaniensis (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) on Different Diets

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. IJIS.S4590 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W. Hassan ◽  
W. Dou ◽  
H.B. Jiang ◽  
J.J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Relative Level ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Hulled Barley ◽  
Comparative Population

In this study, we investigated the population growth of the Liposcelis yunnaniensis (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) feeding on ten different diets. Out of the ten diets, eight were made of plain cereals namely wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), corn ( Zea mays L.), barley ( Hordeum vulgar L.), oats ( Avena sativa L.), rice ( Oryza sative L.), and sorghum ( Sorghum bicolour L.) while two were the artificial diets named Nayak wheat diet and Universal diet. The population growth was recorded as corn > wheat > universal diet > hulled barley > rice (hulls intact) > barley (hulls intact) > sorghum > Nayak wheat diet > oats > hulled rice. After 32 d culture, the initial 5 psocids developed to the populations as 41.8 ± 4.26, 41.5 ± 4.09 and 39.1 ± 7.64 on corn, wheat and universal diet, respectively. Meanwhile, psocids feeding on Nayak wheat diet, oats and hulled rice had significantly lower populations with 25.6 ± 2.42, 22.5 ± 3.09 and 13.6 ± 2.36 respectively. Rice and barley were included in the diets with and without hulls to see their effect on population growth. In case of barley, hulls had no significant effect on population growth while rice with hulls had significantly higher populations than rice alone. This study has confirmed the relative level of suitability of different cereals for this species when damaged. We have described a method to get the uniform age adults that can be helpful in research experiments.

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