Medicare Annual Wellness Visits: A Scoping Review of Current Practice Models and Opportunities for Pharmacists

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e5-e6
Author(s):  
Lindsey Hohmann ◽  
Tessa Hastings ◽  
Jingjing Qian ◽  
Geoffrey Curran ◽  
Salisa Westrick
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Practice Models

The Current Landscape of Transitions of Care Practice Models: A Scoping Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine D. Rochester-Eyeguokan ◽  
Kathleen J. Pincus ◽  
Roshni S. Patel ◽  
Shirley J. Reitz
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Transitions Of Care ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Practice Models

scholarly journals Comparing Current and Emerging Practice Models For the Extrapolation of Survival Data: A Simulation Study and Case-Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kearns ◽  
Matt D. Stevenson ◽  
Kostas Triantafyllopoulos ◽  
Andrea Manca
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Practice Models ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract BackgroundEstimates of future survival can be a key evidence source when deciding if a medical treatment should be funded. Current practice is to use standard parametric models for generating extrapolations. Several emerging, more flexible, survival models are available which can provide improved within-sample fit. This study aimed to assess if these emerging practice models also provided improved extrapolations.MethodsBoth a simulation study and a case-study were used to assess the goodness of fit of five classes of survival model. These were: current practice models, Royston Parmar models (RPMs), Fractional polynomials (FPs), Generalised additive models (GAMs), and Dynamic survival models (DSMs). The simulation study used a mixture-Weibull model as the data-generating mechanism with varying lengths of follow-up and sample sizes. The case-study was long-term follow-up of a prostate cancer trial. For both studies, models were fit to an early data-cut of the data, and extrapolations compared to the known long-term follow-up.ResultsThe emerging practice models provided better within-sample fit than current practice models. For data-rich simulation scenarios (large sample sizes or long follow-up), the GAMs and DSMs provided improved extrapolations compared with current practice. Extrapolations from FPs were always very poor whilst those from RPMs were similar to current practice. With short follow-up all the models struggled to provide useful extrapolations. In the case-study all the models provided very similar estimates, but extrapolations were all poor as no model was able to capture a turning-point during the extrapolated period. ConclusionsGood within-sample fit does not guarantee good extrapolation performance. Both GAMs and DSMs may be considered as candidate extrapolation models in addition to current practice. Further research into when these flexible models are most useful, and the role of external evidence to improve extrapolations is required.

scholarly journals Status, demand and practice models of palliative day-care clinics and day hospices: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2021-003171
Author(s):  
Teresa Terjung ◽  
Stephanie Stiel ◽  
Nils Schneider ◽  
Franziska A Herbst
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Practice Models

BackgroundLittle is known about the structure, accessibility, service provision and needs of palliative and hospice day-care in Germany and abroad. Researchers, healthcare providers and policy makers would benefit from a systematic overview.AimThe aim was to identify, describe and summarise available evidence on status, demand and practice models of palliative day-care clinics and day hospices. A secondary aim was to disclose research gaps and present recommendations for clinical practice and future research.DesignThe scoping review followed the methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley. The analysed publications included studies of varying kinds to describe the current state of the art.Data sourcesUsing a highly sensitive search strategy, the authors searched PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL and Google Scholar within the publication window of inception to 12 June 2020. An additional hand search of the reference lists of the identified review articles was conducted.ResultsThe authors screened the titles and abstracts of 2643 studies, retrieved 197 full texts and included 32 articles in the review. The review identified nine major themes: (1) the referral process, (2) models of care, (3) patient characteristics, (4) demand, (5) the discharge process, (6) perceptions of services, (7) funding and costs, (8) outcome measurement and (9) education.ConclusionsThere is a need for further research to identify groups of patients who would receive the most benefit from palliative and hospice day-care and to determine any necessary revisions in admission criteria.

The current practice of social work in pain management: a scoping review on chronic disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jennifer King ◽  
Susan Tupper ◽  
Kara Fletcher ◽  
Kelsey Brose ◽  
Donna Goodridge
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Current Practice

scholarly journals The Use of Analog and Digital Games for Autism Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gray Atherton ◽  
Liam Cross
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Autism Interventions

Many interventions that target improvements in social communication and other cognitive, learning, and physical issues have been developed to help autistic people. The gamification of interventions offers an alternative approach to fostering and assessing desired behaviors and cognitions in a more naturalistic and emergent setting. In this scoping review aimed at educators, practitioners, and parents of those with autism, we detail studies that have tested game-based approaches to improving the lives of autistic children, adolescents, and adults, focusing on how research into gamification and autism can both progress and can be progressed and implemented. We offer parents, professionals and academics resources to incorporate game-based psycho-educational programs into their current practice.

Task Sharing to Support Paediatric Service Delivery in Low- and Middle-income Countries: Current Practice and a Scoping Review of Emerging Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingxi Zhao ◽  
Christiane Hagel ◽  
Raymond Tweheyo ◽  
Nathanael Sirili ◽  
David Gathara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Task Sharing ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Paediatric Service ◽  
Training Opportunities

Abstract BackgroundDemographic and epidemiological changes have prompted thinking on the need to broaden the child health agenda to include care for complex and chronic conditions in the 0-19 years (paediatric) age range. The general and skilled paediatric workforce shortage especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) will impede the provision of additional paediatric services. This paper examines experiences with task sharing as part of the solution to this human resources challenge in LMICs and specifically looks beyond the provision of care for acute infectious diseases and malnutrition that are widely and historically shifted. MethodsWe (1) reviewed the Global Burden of Diseases study to understand which conditions may need to be prioritised; (2) investigated training opportunities and national policies related to task sharing (current practice) in five purposefully selected African countries (Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi and South Africa); and (3) summarised reported experience of task sharing and paediatric service delivery through a scoping review of research literature in LMICs published between 1990-2019 using MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library. ResultsWe found that while some training opportunities nominally support emerging roles for non-physician clinicians and nurses, formal scopes of practices often remain rather restricted and neither training nor policy seems well aligned with probable needs from high-burden complex and chronic conditions. From 83 studies in 24 LMICs, and aside from the historically shifted conditions, we found there is some evidence available for task sharing for a small set of specific conditions (circumcision, some complex surgery, rheumatic heart diseases, epilepsy, mental health). ConclusionAs child health strategies are further redesigned to address the previously unmet needs careful strategic thinking on the development of an appropriate paediatric workforce is needed. To achieve coverage at scale countries may need to transform their paediatric workforce including possible new roles for mid-level cadres to support safe, accessible and high-quality care.

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