scholarly journals A Study on Vehicle Noise Emission Modelling: Correlation with Air Pollutant Emissions, Impact of Kinematic Variables and Critical Hotspots

2021 ◽  
pp. 147647
Author(s):  
A. Pascale ◽  
P. Fernandes ◽  
C. Guarnaccia ◽  
M.C. Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Vehicle Noise ◽  
Emission Modelling

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Cycle Properties, Noise, and Air Pollutant Emissions of an APS3200 Auxiliary Power Unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Siebel ◽  
Jan Zanger ◽  
Andreas Huber ◽  
Manfred Aigner ◽  
Karsten Knobloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Power Load

Auxiliary power unit (APU) operators face increasingly stricter airport requirements concerning exhaust gas and noise emission levels. To simultaneously reduce exhaust gas and noise emissions and to satisfy the increasing demand of electric power on board, optimization of the current technology is necessary. Prior to any possible demonstration of optimization potential, detailed data of thermodynamic properties and emissions have to be determined. Therefore, the investigations presented in this paper were conducted at a full-scale APU of an operational aircraft. A Pratt & Whitney (East Hartford, CT) APS3200, commonly installed in the Airbus A320 aircraft family, was used for measurements of the reference data. In order to describe the APS3200, the full spectrum of feasible power load and bleed air mass flow combinations were adjusted during the study. Their effect on different thermodynamic and performance properties, such as exhaust gas temperature, pressure as well as electric and overall efficiency is described. Furthermore, the mass flows of the inlet air, exhaust gas, and fuel input were determined. Additionally, the work reports the exhaust gas emissions regarding the species CO2, CO, and NOx as a function of load point. Moreover, the acoustic noise emissions are presented and discussed. With the provided data, the paper serves as a database for validating numerical simulations and provides a baseline for current APU technology.

Experimental Investigation of Cycle Properties, Noise and Air Pollutant Emissions of an APS3200 Auxiliary Power Unit

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Siebel ◽  
Jan Zanger ◽  
Andreas Huber ◽  
Manfred Aigner ◽  
Karsten Knobloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Power Load

Auxiliary power unit (APU) operators face increasingly stricter airport requirements concerning exhaust gas and noise emission levels. To simultaneously reduce exhaust gas and noise emissions and to satisfy the increasing demand of electric power on board, optimization of the current technology is necessary. Prior to any possible demonstration of optimization potential, detailed data of thermodynamic properties and emissions have to be determined. Therefore, the investigations presented in this paper were conducted at a full-scale APU of an operational aircraft. A Pratt & Whitney APS3200, commonly installed in the Airbus A320 aircraft family, was used for measurements of the reference data. In order to describe the APS3200, the full spectrum of feasible power load and bleed air mass flow combinations were adjusted during the study. Their effect on different thermodynamic and performance properties, such as exhaust gas temperature, pressure as well as electric and overall efficiency is described. Furthermore, the mass flows of the inlet air, exhaust gas and fuel input were determined. Additionally, the work reports the exhaust gas emissions regarding the species CO2, CO and NOx as a function of load point. Moreover the acoustic noise emissions are presented and discussed. With the provided data the paper serves as a database for validating numerical simulations and provides a baseline for current APU technology.

MITIGATION OF HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS: VACUUM vs. CONVENTIONAL SEWER SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lazar ◽  
Iulia Carmen Ciobotici Terryn ◽  
Andreea Cocarcea
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutant

scholarly journals Abrupt but smaller than expected changes in surface air quality attributable to COVID-19 lockdowns

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. eabd6696
Author(s):  
Zongbo Shi ◽  
Congbo Song ◽  
Bowen Liu ◽  
Gongda Lu ◽  
Jingsha Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Emission Changes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Gaseous Oxidant ◽  
Sophisticated Analysis ◽  
Limited Change

The COVID-19 lockdowns led to major reductions in air pollutant emissions. Here, we quantitatively evaluate changes in ambient NO2, O3, and PM2.5 concentrations arising from these emission changes in 11 cities globally by applying a deweathering machine learning technique. Sudden decreases in deweathered NO2 concentrations and increases in O3 were observed in almost all cities. However, the decline in NO2 concentrations attributable to the lockdowns was not as large as expected, at reductions of 10 to 50%. Accordingly, O3 increased by 2 to 30% (except for London), the total gaseous oxidant (Ox = NO2 + O3) showed limited change, and PM2.5 concentrations decreased in most cities studied but increased in London and Paris. Our results demonstrate the need for a sophisticated analysis to quantify air quality impacts of interventions and indicate that true air quality improvements were notably more limited than some earlier reports or observational data suggested.

scholarly journals The effects of energy paths and emission controls and standards on future trends in China's emissions of primary air pollutants

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 8849-8868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhao ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
C. P. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Emission Controls ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutant

Abstract. To examine the efficacy of China's actions to control atmospheric pollution, three levels of growth of energy consumption and three levels of implementation of emission controls are estimated, generating a total of nine combined activity-emission control scenarios that are then used to estimate trends of national emissions of primary air pollutants through 2030. The emission control strategies are expected to have more effects than the energy paths on the future emission trends for all the concerned pollutants. As recently promulgated national action plans of air pollution prevention and control (NAPAPPC) are implemented, China's anthropogenic pollutant emissions should decline. For example, the emissions of SO2, NOx, total suspended particles (TSP), PM10, and PM2.5 are estimated to decline 7, 20, 41, 34, and 31% from 2010 to 2030, respectively, in the "best guess" scenario that includes national commitment of energy saving policy and implementation of NAPAPPC. Should the issued/proposed emission standards be fully achieved, a less likely scenario, annual emissions would be further reduced, ranging from 17 (for primary PM2.5) to 29% (for NOx) declines in 2015, and the analogue numbers would be 12 and 24% in 2030. The uncertainties of emission projections result mainly from the uncertain operational conditions of swiftly proliferating air pollutant control devices and lack of detailed information about emission control plans by region. The predicted emission trends by sector and chemical species raise concerns about current pollution control strategies: the potential for emissions abatement in key sectors may be declining due to the near saturation of emission control devices use; risks of ecosystem acidification could rise because emissions of alkaline base cations may be declining faster than those of SO2; and radiative forcing could rise because emissions of positive-forcing carbonaceous aerosols may decline more slowly than those of SO2 emissions and thereby concentrations of negative-forcing sulfate particles. Expanded control of emissions of fine particles and carbonaceous aerosols from small industrial and residential sources is recommended, and a more comprehensive emission control strategy targeting a wider range of pollutants (volatile organic compounds, NH3 and CO, etc.) and taking account of more diverse environmental impacts is also urgently needed.

Air pollutant emissions from on-road vehicles and their control in Inner Mongolia, China

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 121724
Author(s):  
Geng Liu ◽  
Shida Sun ◽  
Chao Zou ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Lin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Road Vehicles

Characterization of particle composition, organic vapor constituents, and mutagenicity of indoor air pollutant emissions

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 351-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Sexton ◽  
Lurance M. Webber ◽  
Steven B. Hayward ◽  
Richard G. Sextro
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Particle Composition ◽  
Organic Vapor

On the spread of ultrafine particulate matter: A mathematical model for motor vehicle emissions and their effects as an asthma trigger

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle N. Rosado-Pérez ◽  
Karen Ríos-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Traveling Wave Solutions ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Diffusion Type

Asthma is a respiratory disease that affects the lungs, with a prevalence of 339.4 million people worldwide [G. Marks, N. Pearce, D. Strachan, I. Asher and P. Ellwood, The Global Asthma Report 2018, globalasthmareport.org (2018)]. Many factors contribute to the high prevalence of asthma, but with the rise of the industrial age, air pollutants have become one of the main Ultrafine particles (UFPs), which are a type of air pollutant that can affect asthmatics the most. These UFPs originate primarily from the combustion of motor vehicles [P. Solomon, Ultrafine particles in ambient air. EM: Air and Waste Management Association’s Magazine for Environmental Managers (2012)] and although in certain places some regulations to control their emission have been implemented they might not be enough. In this work, a mathematical model of reaction–diffusion type is constructed to study how UFPs grow and disperse in the environment and in turn how they affect an asthmatic population. Part of our focus is on the existence of traveling wave solutions and their minimum asymptotic speed of pollutant propagation [Formula: see text]. Through the analysis of the model it was possible to identify the necessary threshold conditions to control the pollutant emissions and consequently reduce the asthma episodes in the population. Analytical and numerical results from this work prove how harmful the UFEs are for the asthmatic population and how they can exacerbate their asthma episodes.

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