Insights into the molecular mechanism of tetracycline transport in saturated porous media affected by low-molecular-weight organic acids: Role of the functional groups and molecular size

Mushrooms supplementation with iron (Fe) is usually limited, and therefore it would be beneficial to search for other vital elements able to improve the process. The aim of this study was to verify a possible interaction between Fe and calcium (Ca) to estimate the role of the addition of the latter metal to stimulate Fe accumulation in Pholiota nameko. Additionally, an analysis of phenolic compounds and low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) was performed. The increase of Fe concentration in the substrate caused a significantly higher accumulation of this metal in P. nameko. The addition of Ca (5 or 10 mM) stimulated Fe accumulation, just as Fe concentration in the substrate stimulated Ca accumulation, which pointed to a synergism between these metals. The obtained results show that the presence of Fe in the substrate may also promote K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and S accumulation. In contrast, the addition of Ca stimulates and/or inhibits their content in fruit bodies. The phenolic and organic acids profile was poor. Only gallic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, sinapic and syringic acids (phenolics), as well as citric and succinic acids (LMWOAs), were quantified in some combinations in P. nameko fruiting bodies.

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The role of low molecular weight organic acids in release kinetics of zinc and cadmium in polluted calcareous soil in the presence of fish scales derivatives

Chemistry and Ecology ◽

10.1080/02757540.2020.1849153 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Reza Ghasemi-Fasaei ◽

Zeynab Paridar ◽

Abdolmajid Ronaghi

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Calcareous Soil ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Fish Scales ◽

Kinetics Of

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The role of hyaluronic acid and hyaluronidase-1 in obstructive sleep apnoea

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74769-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Martina Meszaros ◽

Adrian Kis ◽

Laszlo Kunos ◽

Adam Domonkos Tarnoki ◽

David Laszlo Tarnoki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Molecular Size ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Sleep Study ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Biological functions of hyaluronic acid (HA) depend on its molecular size. High-molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) is an important component of the endothelial wall and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Under inflammation or hypoxia, HMW-HA is degraded by hyaluronidases, such as HYAL-1 resulting in pro-inflammatory low-molecular weight fragments. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by intermittent hypoxia and systemic inflammation. Our aim was to evaluate circulating HMW-HA and HYAL-1 in OSA. We recruited 68 patients with OSA and 40 control volunteers. After full-night sleep study blood samples were taken for HMW-HA and HYAL-1 measurements. HYAL-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with OSA compared to controls (0.59/0.31–0.88/ng/mL vs. 0.31/0.31–0.58/ng/mL; p = 0.005) after adjustment for gender, age, BMI and smoking. There was a trend for reduced HMW-HA concentrations in OSA (31.63/18.11–59.25/ng/mL vs. 46.83/25.41–89.95/ng/mL; p = 0.068). Significant correlation was detected between circulating HMW-HA and apnoea-hypopnoea-index (r = − 0.195, p = 0.043), HYAL-1 and apnoea-hypopnoea-index (r = 0.30, p < 0.01) as well as oxygen desaturation index (r = 0.26, p < 0.01). Our results suggest that chronic hypoxia is associated with increased plasma HYAL-1 concentration and accelerated HMW-HA degradation. Altered hyaluronan metabolism may be involved in the inflammatory cascade potentially leading to endothelial dysfunction in OSA.

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