The effect of different restoration approaches on vegetation development in metal mines

The spatial and temporal distribution of tunnel failure is very complex due to geologic heterogeneity and variability in both mining processes and tunnel arrangement in deep metal mines. In this paper, the quantitative risk assessment for deep tunnel failure was performed using a normal cloud model at the Ashele copper mine, China. This was completed by considering the evaluation indexes of geological condition, mining process, and microseismic data. A weighted distribution of evaluation indexes was determined by implementation of an entropy weight method to reveal the primary parameters controlling tunnel failure. Additionally, the damage levels of the tunnel were quantitatively assigned by computing the degree of membership that different damage levels had, based on the expectation normalization method. The methods of maximum membership principle, comprehensive evaluation value, and fuzzy entropy were considered to determine the tunnel damage levels and risk of occurrence. The application of this method at the Ashele copper mine demonstrates that it meets the requirement of risk assessment for deep tunnel failure and can provide a basis for large-scale regional tunnel failure control in deep metal mines.

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Impacts of Early Homestead Abandonment on Forests and Soils at Scotia Barrens, Central Pennsylvania: Implications for Altered and Arrested Vegetation Development

Human Ecology ◽

10.1007/s10745-014-9680-6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 793-799

Author(s):

M. D. Abrams ◽

S. E. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Development ◽

Central Pennsylvania

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Lichen Colonization and Recolonization of Two Recently Deglaciated Zones in the Maritime Antarctic

The Lichenologist ◽

10.1016/s0024-2829(95)80008-5 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 485-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fernando Valladares ◽

Leopoldo G. Sancho

Keyword(s):

Snow Cover ◽

South Shetland Islands ◽

Homogeneous Distribution ◽

Maritime Antarctic ◽

Vegetation Development ◽

Lichen Cover ◽

Glacier Front ◽

Ice Retreat ◽

Snow Cover Duration ◽

Rock Size

AbstractThe stages of vegetation development close to two glacier fronts on two of the South Shetland Islands (Livingston and Robert) within the Maritime Antarctic were studied with special reference to saxicolous lichens. A lichenometric study of the crustose lichen Caloplaca sublobulata was carried out at both sites. On the moraine of Livingston Island, rock size played an important role in lichen development, explaining most of the differences observed in the diameter of C. sublobulata, the number of species, and the percentage of cover among the rocks studied. On Robert Island, the distance from the glacier front was associated with the lichen cover of the rocks but not with diameter of C. sublobulata This homogeneous distribution of C. sublobulata thallus size on the Robert Island study area points to a simultaneous recolonization of the whole zone by this lichen. The lichen development in the area studied on Robert Island seems to have been drastically affected by fluctuations in the persistence of snow cover following glacier front retreat. Tentative associations between ice retreat and colonization, on the o e hand, and changes in snow cover duration and the dynamic processes of extinction and recolonization, on the other, are suggested from comparison of the two zones.

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Recovery of Degraded Areas in Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil: Performance Indicators

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.107.27 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 107 ◽

pp. 27-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Regina de Aquino-Silva ◽

Marcos Roberto Simão ◽

Denise da Silva Santos ◽

Eduardo Jorge de Brito Bastos

Keyword(s):

Performance Indicators ◽

Vegetation Structure ◽

Bank Erosion ◽

Sand Mining ◽

Chemical Factor ◽

Vegetation Development ◽

Aluminum Iron ◽

Negative Factors ◽

Soil Indicators ◽

Iron And Manganese

The aim of restoration is recompose a new vegetation structure in order to obtain benefits such as the containment of bank erosion, reestablishment of a hydric and nutrient regime, and increase the diversity of species. The present paper evaluated the development of the vegetation introduced as ciliar forest around a mining lagoon through establishing indicators based on the vegetation structure, physic-chemical characteristics of the soil and the water. Results show that the indicators of vegetation, like dying of species and the covering of top were classified as negative factors. Regarding vegetation development, it was considered positive when individuals out of inundation points were analyzed. According to soil indicators, chemical factor pH acid suggests intoxication by aluminum, iron and manganese impeding development of the vegetation in the local. Topographic factor also caused erosion and dying/extinction of species localized in declining points and carried nutrients to the inundation point and finally to the sand mining pool.

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Vegetation development of sown grass margins in arable fields under a countrywide agri-environment scheme

Biological Conservation ◽

10.1016/j.biocon.2006.03.007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 132 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

C. Nigel R. Critchley ◽

John A. Fowbert ◽

Ann J. Sherwood ◽

Richard F. Pywell

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Development ◽

Arable Fields

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Sedimentology, faunal content and pollen record of Middle Pleistocene palustrine and lagoonal sediments from the Peri-Adriatic basin, Abruzzi, eastern central Italy

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2016.08.003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 359-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pierluigi Pieruccini ◽

Claudio Di Celma ◽

Federico Di Rita ◽

Donatella Magri ◽

Giorgio Carnevale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shallow Water ◽

Sea Level ◽

Central Italy ◽

Freshwater Wetlands ◽

Middle Pleistocene ◽

Pollen Record ◽

Vegetation Development ◽

Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽

Open Forest ◽

Facies Succession

AbstractA 25 m-thick outcrop section exposed at Torre Mucchia, on the sea-cliff north of Ortona, eastern central Italy, comprises a rare Middle Pleistocene succession of shallow-water and paralic sediments along the western Adriatic Sea. An integrated study of the section, including facies and microfacies analyses, and characterization of paleobiological associations (mollusks, fishes, ostracods, foraminifers and pollen), enable a detailed reconstruction of the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions during deposition. The shallow-water deposits include a transgressive, deepening- and fining-upward shoreface to offshore-transition facies succession overlain by a regressive shoreface-foreshore sandstone body with an erosive base and a rooted and pedogenically altered horizon at the top that imply deposition during sea-level fall. This forced regressive unit is overlain by paralic strata forming a transgressive succession comprising palustrine carbonates and back-barrier lagoonal mudstones. The palustrine carbonates exhibit some of the typical features encountered in palustrine limestones deposited within seasonal freshwater wetlands (marl prairies). Following the sea-level rising trend, the freshwater marshes were abruptly replaced by a barrier-lagoon system that allowed deposition of the overlying mud-rich unit. Within these deposits, the faunal assemblages are consistent with a low-energy brackish environment characterized by a relatively high degree of confinement. The pollen record documents the development of open forest vegetation dominated by Pinus and accompanied by a number of mesophilous and thermophilous tree taxa, whose composition supports a tentative correlation with Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 17. The new pollen record from Torre Mucchia improves our understanding of the vegetation development in the Italian Peninsula during the Middle Pleistocene and sheds new light on the role played by the most marked glacial periods in determining the history of tree taxa.

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