Zeptomolar detection of 4-aminothiophenol by SERS using silver nanodendrites decorated with gold nanoparticles

In the present work we report a simple, fast, reproducible and cheap methodology for SERS substrate fabrication of silver dendritic nanostructures (prepared by electrodeposition) decorated with gold nanospheres by electrophoretic deposition. This is the first report where a metal dendritic nanostructure has been decorated with another type of metal nanoparticles by this technique. The decorated nanostructures were used directly as SERS substrate using 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) as analyte. The objective of the decoration is to create more hot-spots in order to detect the analyte in a lower concentration. Decorated nanodendrites had a detection limit one million times lower than bare silver nanodendrites and all the substrates showed an increase in the Raman intensity at concentrations below 1 nM; because this concentration corresponds to the threshold for the formation of a monolayer resulting in a triple mechanism of intensity increase, namely electric field, chemical factor and hot-spots. 4-ATP was detected in zeptomolar concentration, which is below 1 ppq, corresponding to an analytical enhancement factor (AEF) in the order of 1015.

The Efficacy of a Peptide Product from the Pituitary Gland of Rangifer tarandus as an Antioxidant Agent Under the Combined Effects of Light Desynchronosis and Depriming Toxicant

The possibility of using methods for determining the oxidative status of an organism (enzymatic and non-enzymatic links of the cellular antioxidant system) to assess the antioxidant properties of peptides of the pituitary gland of the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) were investigated in an experimental study conducted with a combined effect of factors of different nature on rats: a physical factor — prolonged light desynchronosis (different light modes) and a chemical factor - acute severe poisoning with depriving toxicant (sodium thiopental, LD50). The pharmacological correction of the oxidative status of cells in the animals of the experimental subgroups was carried out with the peptide product of the pituitary gland, intranasally injecting the surviving rats with the bioproduct at a dose of 100 µg/kg, once in the first half of the objective day for 14 days after poisoning with sodium thiopental. The surviving animals of the control groups were similarly injected with saline. The effectiveness of the correction of the disruptions of the cellular oxidative status with the peptide product of the pituitary gland was tested 30 days after the onset of the combined effect of stress factors on rats. It was found that the use of this bioactive peptide product in experimental animals exposed to different light modes and a chemical factor contributed to a decrease in the initially increased indicators of lipid peroxidation in rat erythrocytes and an increase in the initially reduced indicators of the enzymatic link of antioxidant protection. The activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase, as well as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increased after pharmacological correction. The concentration of reduced glutathione also increased in erythrocytes. The maximum changes were observed in the experimental subgroup of rats exposed to the combined effects of constant illumination and depriming toxicant. It was also found that the revealed positive changes in the indicators of the enzymatic link of antioxidant protection in animals of the experimental subgroups are associated with the maintenance of a sufficient concentration of reduced glutathione in red blood cells, which contributed to the maintenance of the cellular redox balance, when the conditions of the external lighting regime are violated.

FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES ON THE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF MEN WORKING IN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES

Introduction. A long exposure of chemical substances of low intensity can manifest itself in the form of impaired adaptability of the body, which may be accompanied by an increase in the frequency of erectile dysfunction in men. Purpose of the study: to study the features of the impact of chemical substances on the reproductive health of men working in the chemical industry. Мethods. 72 workers of a chemical enterprise were examined: an observation group - 49 men exposed to a chemical factor; comparison group - 23 engineering and technical employees of the enterprise administration who are not in contact with the studied harmful production factors. The following examinations were performed: hygienic, sociological, clinical, laboratory, statistical data processing. The survey was completed: hygienic, sociological, clinical, laboratory, statistical data processing. Results. According to the chemical factor, the class of working conditions at workplaces corresponded to class 3. 1 degree. Results of a handout survey: 14.2% - inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system; 19.1% - seeking medical help for infertile marriages. (ICEF in the observation group 18.7, in the comparison group – 21. Analysis of the general incidence: 16.3% - diseases of the endocrine system. Analysis of laboratory data showed that reproductive dysfunction is formed in chemical workers as a result of dishormonosis against the background of detoxification and reproduction gene polymorphism. Conclusion. The exposure of a chemical factors contributes to the development of erectile dysfunction and disruption of spermatogenesis.

HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICALS IN THE WORKING AIR DURING THE METALLOTHERMIC PRODUCTION OF FERROCHROME BY A SMOKELESS TECHNOLOGY

The aim of this work was to assess the chemicals in the working air during the metallothermic production of ferrochrome by a smokeless technology. The technological process under study is divided into stages. A gas-aerosol mixture releases into the working air. Its components have an acute, irritative, carcinogenic, fibrogenic, and allergenic action. This mixture also has substances, which are hazardous to human reproductive health. According to the chemical factor, the working conditions correspond to the 3rd class of 3-4 hazard degree. They are characterized by a high and very high occupational health risk for workers. The metallothermic production of ferrochrome by smokeless technology requires drawing up a number of measures aimed at minimizing the release of chemicals into the working air. Additionally, it is essential to choose high-class respiratory protective devices for workers. The identification of aerosol components need to be further studied.

Factors of congenital malformations of dentoalveolar anomalies in the children's population of Kizlyar (environment of trouble) and Khasavyurt (environment of well-being)

Analysis to identify the relationship between the unfavorable living environment and congenital malformations of dental anomalies in the children's population of Kizlyar (the environment of disadvantage) and Khasavyurt (the environment of well-being).Materials and methods. To identify the main causes of the appearance of congenital clefts, we conducted a survey of 125 parents of children with questions included in the questionnaire: Full name, gender, date of birth, address, nationality, what is the pregnancy, whether the mother took medication in the first 3 months of pregnancy, the level of hemoglobin and infectious diseases during pregnancy, whether there were cases (heredity).Results. Dates from 125 medical histories for 2017-2019 with different types of congenital cleft lip and palate showed that in 59 children, the chemical factor was the cause of the disease, since one of the parents worked in agriculture or an industrial enterprise with a chemical bias, for genetic reasons, 15 children; viral colds-22 children, anemia of pregnant women-25 cases. 35 patients with the chemical factor were born in Kizlyar, only 5 patients from Khasavyurt. Conclusions. The high level of morbidity of the child population in Kizlyar indicates the need to develop and implement recommendations for the organization of preventive and medical-dental care for adolescents and children from an early age.

Justification of the use of a vegetal additive to diesel fuel as a method of protecting underground personnel of coal mines from the impact of harmful emissions of diesel-hydraulic locomotives

Equipment with diesel engines is used in all mining enterprises. Monorail diesel transport is of great importance in coal mines, as it facilitates the heavy labor of workers when transporting materials and people, fixing mining workings, refueling and repairing equipment, which leads to an increase in the speed of tunneling operations. Reducing the concentration of harmful gases from diesel-hydraulic locomotives at the workplaces of coal mine locomotive drivers can be ensured by the use of additives to diesel fuel that reduce the volume of harmful gas emissions during the operation of diesel-hydraulic locomotives. Additive ester-based on vegetal oil in the amount of 5 mass % in a mixture with hydrotreated diesel fuel reduces the concentration of carbon monoxide by 19-60 %, nitrogen oxides by 17-98 %, depending on the operating mode of the engine, the smoke content of the exhaust gases is reduced to 71 %. There is an improvement in working conditions at the workplace of the driver of a diesel-hydraulic locomotive by the chemical factor due to the reduction of the class of working conditions from 3.1. to 2.

Peran Dinas Tenaga Kerja Dan Transmigrasi Kepulauan Riau Dalam Melakukan Pengawasan Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3).

After out Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1970 tentang Keselamatan Kerja then in it after set inside done supervision to safety work. Many still run other connect with safety work but supervision match with rule out Republic Of Indonesia Minister Of Manpower regulation Number: Per. 04 / Men / 1987 about safety Builder Committees And Penujukan's job and Procedure health An Old Hand At working safety, therefore about observation to K3 more assisted be. Mark sense this order is made that belonging of citizen can be accomplished, as to get work and subsistence that reasonably accords Section mandate 27 sentences (2) UUD 1945. That Besides to the effect marks sense this observation that a company places fires an employee to work gets to give rights belonging of that employ. According is aiming even appointed research this in writing which is: First, What that as evoked disease causal factor effect job. Both of, How forms observation that did by on duty Labour And Resettlement in do observation to the firm at archipelagic Riau. The observational method that is utilized in writing is an empirical judicial formality, by use of kualitatif's research type. The observational result is First, a factor that regards job effect disease for example a. Physical factor, b. Chemical factor, c. Biological factor, d. Ergonomics factor / Physiology, e. Psychology factor. Both of, Observation that did by the archipelagic Province Government Riau on duty Labour and Resettlement which is observation performing did by PPNS by sees, assess and another to the firm. Setelah keluarnya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1970 tentang Keselamatan Kerja kemudian di dalamnya setelah di atur dalam pengawasan terhadap keselamatan kerja. Sebenarnya masih banyak aturan lain yang berhubungan dengan keselamatan kerja tetapi berjalannya pengawasan sesuai dengan aturan Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja Republik Indonesia Nomor: Per.04/Men/1987 tentang Panitia Pembina Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Serta Tata Cara Penujukan Ahli Keselamatan Kerja, maka mengenai pengawasan terhadap K3 lebih terbantu lagi. Adanya aturan ini dibuat agar hak dari warga negara dapat terpenuhi, seperti mendapatkan pekerjaan dan penghidupan yang layak sesuai amanat Pasal 27 ayat (2) UUD 1945. Selain itu, tujuan adanya pengawasan ini agar prusahaan tempat karyawan bekerja dapat memberikan hak-hak dari pekerja tersebut. Berdasarkan tujuan penelitian yang diangkat dalam tulisan ini yaitu: Pertama, Apakah yang menjadi faktor-faktor penyebab penyakit yang timbul akibat kerja. Kedua, Bagaimana bentuk pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Tenaga Kerja Dan Transmigrasi dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap perusahaan di Kepulauan Riau. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah yuridis empiris, dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah Pertama, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyakit akibat kerja antara lain: a. Faktor fisik, b. Faktor Kimia, c. Faktor Biologi, d. Faktor Ergonomi/Fisiologi, e. Faktor Psikologi. Kedua, Pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Provinsi Kepulauan Riau Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi yaitu pelaksanaan pengawasan dilakukan oleh PPNS dengan cara melihat, menilai dan lainnya ke perusahaan.

HYGIENIC ANALYSIS OF WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS AND CAPSULE

In the present research, the working conditions of workers employed in the production of medicines in the form of tablets and capsules of a modern enterprise of the pharmaceutical industry have been studied. Based on the results of attestation of workplaces and data of industrial laboratory control of the factors of the production environment for the period from 2016 to 2019, a complex of harmful production factors at workplaces was determined and a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the working conditions of a general purpose machine operator of chemical and pharmaceutical preparations, packaging machine operator, stacker-packer and processor of technological containers and tares. It has been established that the labor activity of the leading professional groups of workers in production is associated with the influence of a predominantly chemical factor due to the presence of harmful chemicals in the air of the working area. According to the data obtained, the air of the working area at the workplace of the operator of a wide profile of chemical and pharmaceutical preparations of the tableting and filling of capsules section is contaminated with harmful chemicals (doxycycline, nystatin, lincomycin, rifampicin, tetracycline, etc.), the concentrations of which exceed the maximum permissible. A hygienic assessment of the parameters of the microclimate, noise and tension of the labor process at the studied workplaces established that there are no deviations from hygienic standards and the working conditions according to these factors are permissible. Thus, the data obtained allow us to conclude that the working conditions of the operator of a wide profile of chemical and pharmaceutical preparations belong to class 3.3, the stacker-packer — 3.1, and the working conditions of the operator of filling and packaging machines and the processor of technological containers and tares are assessed as acceptable.