Element mobility related to rock weathering and soil formation at the westward side of the southernmost Patagonian Andes

2022 ◽  
pp. 152977
Author(s):  
Björn Klaes ◽  
Gerhard Wörner ◽  
Sören Thiele-Bruhn ◽  
Helge Wolfgang Arz ◽  
Julian Struck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Rock Weathering ◽  
Element Mobility ◽  
Patagonian Andes

Synthetic geomicrobiology: engineering microbe–mineral interactions for space exploration and settlement

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Cockell
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Support System ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Rock Weathering ◽  
Life Support System ◽  
Practical Applications

AbstractSynthetic geomicrobiology is a potentially new branch of synthetic biology that seeks to achieve improvements in microbe–mineral interactions for practical applications. In this paper, laboratory and field data are provided on three geomicrobiology challenges in space: (1) soil formation from extraterrestrial regolith by biological rock weathering and/or the use of regolith as life support system feedstock, (2) biological extraction of economically important elements from rocks (biomining) and (3) biological solidification of surfaces and dust control on other planetary surfaces. The use of synthetic or engineered organisms in these three applications is discussed. These three examples are used to extract general common principles that might be applied to the design of organisms used in synthetic geomicrobiology.

scholarly journals Environmental impact of weathering and soil formation in geomorphological research

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 047-051
Author(s):  
Clinton Aloni ◽  
Chinago Budnuka Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Rock Weathering ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Chemical Action ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Face ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Geomorphic Processes

Weathering is a part of geomorphic processes leading to the disintegration and decomposition of rocks and minerals on the earth’s surface as a result of physical and chemical action that leads to the formation of soil being a most vital natural resource of rock weathering. Development of soils in an environment enhances plants dependence on it for growth, and man depends directly or indirectly on plants for food, thus the functions of soil as a fundamental interface, providing an excellent example of the integration among many parts of the earth system. Hence, geomorphology research being based on processes of the earth’s surfacing that result into most of the physical features seen on the face of the earth.

The behaviour of rare-earth elements and Y during the rock weathering and soil formation in the Řı́čany granite massif, Central Bohemia

1998 ◽  
Vol 215 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luděk Minařı́k ◽  
Anna Žigová ◽  
Jiřı́ Bendl ◽  
Petr Skřivan ◽  
Martin Št'astný
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Rock Weathering ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Granite Massif

scholarly journals Living Lithic and Sublithic Bacterial Communities in Namibian Drylands

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Steffi Genderjahn ◽  
Simon Lewin ◽  
Fabian Horn ◽  
Anja M. Schleicher ◽  
Kai Mangelsdorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rock Weathering ◽  
Weathering Processes ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Culture Independent

Dryland xeric conditions exert a deterministic effect on microbial communities, forcing life into refuge niches. Deposited rocks can form a lithic niche for microorganisms in desert regions. Mineral weathering is a key process in soil formation and the importance of microbial-driven mineral weathering for nutrient extraction is increasingly accepted. Advances in geobiology provide insight into the interactions between microorganisms and minerals that play an important role in weathering processes. In this study, we present the examination of the microbial diversity in dryland rocks from the Tsauchab River banks in Namibia. We paired culture-independent 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing with culture-dependent (isolation of bacteria) techniques to assess the community structure and diversity patterns. Bacteria isolated from dryland rocks are typical of xeric environments and are described as being involved in rock weathering processes. For the first time, we extracted extra- and intracellular DNA from rocks to enhance our understanding of potentially rock-weathering microorganisms. We compared the microbial community structure in different rock types (limestone, quartz-rich sandstone and quartz-rich shale) with adjacent soils below the rocks. Our results indicate differences in the living lithic and sublithic microbial communities.

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