Improvement in the physicochemical characteristics of biochar derived from solid digestate of food waste with different moisture contents

2022 ◽  
pp. 153100
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Qindong Chen ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Zihang Dong ◽  
Qiyong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Moisture Contents

Contribution of Composition, Physicochemical Characteristics and Polyphosphates to the Microbial Safety of Pasteurized Cheese Spreads

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARL F. ECKNER ◽  
WENDY A. DUSTMAN ◽  
ANNA A. RYŚ-RODRIGUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microbial Safety ◽  
Processed Cheese ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Glass Containers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Process Cheese

Pasteurized process cheese spread was manufactured with moisture contents of 52, 54, 56 and 60%. Three different types of phosphate emulsifier were used, disodium ortho-phosphate and two commercially-available polyphosphates, S9 and S9H. Pasteurized, processed cheese spreads were inoculated with approximately 1 × 104 Clostridium botulinum spores/gram cheese in the cook kettle, held 3 min at 80°C, hot-filled into glass containers, and incubated at 30°C. Samples were analyzed over 30 weeks for growth of C. botulinum and toxigenesis. Toxin was first detected in 60% moisture cheese with disodium ortho-phosphate as the emulsifier at 8 weeks and in 60% moisture cheese with the test polyphosphates as the emulsifier when tested at 20 weeks. None of the other cheese formulations were toxic at 20 weeks. Toxin production correlated statistically to time, moisture, pH and phosphate type.

scholarly journals Composting of food waste in passive aerated bioreactor with turning mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 1195 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
A Y Zahrim ◽  
M Darwis ◽  
D Samantha ◽  
A Z Siti Hasanah ◽  
S A Nur Aqeela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Seed Germination Test

Abstract Almost 45% of municipal solid waste in Malaysia consist of food waste. Composting is one of the sustainable ways to manage food waste compared to incineration and landfilling. This paper investigates the physicochemical and phytotoxicity characteristics during food waste composting in passive aerated bioreactor assisted with compost turning. The initial compost mixture consists of 124 kg of food waste mixed with 62 kg of dry leaves. The composting process was conducted for 40 days, and physicochemical characteristics i.e., temperature, moisture content, total organic carbon, pH and conductivity were monitored. Seed germination test was conducted with cabbage seeds (Brassica oleracea). The highest temperature and final moisture content obtained were 42 °C and 78%, respectively. The seed germination index value was 127%, indicating that the compost is suitable for plant growth.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature and moisture contents on dielectric properties at 2.45 GHz of fruit and vegetable processing by-products

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (28) ◽  
pp. 16783-16790
Author(s):  
Katalin Solyom ◽  
Pilar Rosales Lopez ◽  
Patricia Esquivel ◽  
Ana Lucia ◽  
Vásquez-Caicedo
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Waste Composition ◽  
By Products

If processing alters the food-waste composition, dielectric properties are affected and need to be determined for efficient microwave processes.

Thermal pre-treatment as a tool for energy recovery from food waste through anaerobic digestion. Effect on kinetic and physicochemical characteristics of the substrate

2020 ◽  
pp. 101262
Author(s):  
Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio ◽  
Lina Marcela Girón-Bol ◽  
Daniel Felipe Gómez-Muñoz ◽  
Luis Fernando Marmolejo-Rebellón ◽  
Patricia Torres-Lozada
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Pre Treatment

scholarly journals Optimizing Food Waste Composting Parameters and Evaluating Heat Generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin Ko Yeh ◽  
Chitsan Lin ◽  
Hsueh Chen Shen ◽  
Nicholas Kiprotich Cheruiyot ◽  
Mary Ellen Camarillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Mature Compost

The optimal initial moisture content and seeding proportion with mature compost (microbial inoculant) during food waste composting were investigated. This involved six different moisture contents (42%, 55%, 61%, 66%, 70%, and 78%) and four different mature compost seeding amounts (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% w/w). The temperature variation of these different setups during the first four days of composting was used to determine the most effective one. Our findings showed that the initial moisture contents of 55–70% and the 20% w/w of mature compost were optimal for effective food waste composting. A 400 kg compost pile with the optimal compost mixture ratio was then used to study the evolution and spatial distribution of the temperature during a 30-day composting period. Finally, the heat produced during the 30-day composting process was estimated to be 2.99 MJ/kg. Further investigations, including a cost–benefit analysis from a pilot facility, would be required to comprehensively conclude the feasibility of food waste composting as a bioenergy source.

Applications of SEM/EDXA in cement clinker investigation

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 870-871
Author(s):  
Arezki Tagnit-Hamou ◽  
Shondeep L. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bulk Chemical ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Proven Method ◽  
Instantaneous Chemical

All the desired properties of cement primarily depend on the physicochemical characteristics of clinker from which the cement is produced. The mineralogical composition of the clinker forms the most important parameter influencing these properties.Optical microscopy provides reasonably accurate information pertaining to the thermal history of the clinker, while XRDA still remains the proven method of phase identification, and bulk chemical composition of the clinker can be readily obtained from XRFA. Nevertheless, all these microanalytical techniques are somewhat limited in their applications, and SEM/EDXA combination fills this gap uniquely by virtue of its high resolution imaging capability and possibility of instantaneous chemical analysis of individual phases.Inhomogeneities and impurities in the raw meal, influence of kiln conditions such as sintering and cooling rate being directly related to the microstructure can be effectively determined by SEM/EDXA. In addition, several physical characteristics of cement, such as rhcology, grindability and hydraulicity also depend on the clinker microstructure.

Common modifications of selenocysteine in selenoproteins

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias S.J. Arnér
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Covalent Binding ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Redox Active

Abstract Selenocysteine (Sec), the sulfur-to-selenium substituted variant of cysteine (Cys), is the defining entity of selenoproteins. These are naturally expressed in many diverse organisms and constitute a unique class of proteins. As a result of the physicochemical characteristics of selenium when compared with sulfur, Sec is typically more reactive than Cys while participating in similar reactions, and there are also some qualitative differences in the reactivities between the two amino acids. This minireview discusses the types of modifications of Sec in selenoproteins that have thus far been experimentally validated. These modifications include direct covalent binding through the Se atom of Sec to other chalcogen atoms (S, O and Se) as present in redox active molecular motifs, derivatization of Sec via the direct covalent binding to non-chalcogen elements (Ni, Mb, N, Au and C), and the loss of Se from Sec resulting in formation of dehydroalanine. To understand the nature of these Sec modifications is crucial for an understanding of selenoprotein reactivities in biological, physiological and pathophysiological contexts.

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