<p>Contradictions between population, economic development, land and ecological environment occur frequently in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, forming a complex problem of "population - land - social economy - ecological environment" at a regional level. This study considers seven indicators, including LUCC and three typical ecosystem services, to recognize the critical regions. Through continuous experiments and adjustments of parameters, we finally determine the building methods of overlaying in a equal power, and quantificationally evaluate the land use dynamic degrees, land use extents, diversity of land use types, ecological land use ratio, carbon sequestration service, soil conservation and water production services, integrated identify critical areas of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration. We aim at realizing the coordinated sustainable development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as soon as possible, and providing the basis for land planning. The results show that the critical regions of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration are mainly distributed in the Yanshan and Taihang mountain regions and the surrounding towns. On the scale of county level, the first-level critical regions are mainly located in Beijing, Qinhuangdao and Chengde, and the second-level critical regions are mainly located in Chengde, Beijing, Qinhuangdao and Baoding.</p>
Study on Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Coordinated Development Degree among Regional Water Resources, Social Economy, and Ecological Environment Systems