scholarly journals Macro-level gender equality and alcohol consumption: A multi-level analysis across U.S. States

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C.M. Roberts
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Höllinger ◽  
Johanna Muckenhuber

In Sacred and Secular (2011 [2004]) Norris and Inglehart argued that improvements in material living conditions and higher degrees of existential security lead to a decline in religiousness both on the macro-level of the comparison between countries and on the individual level. Since then, a number of studies have examined this relationship and confirmed the assumptions of the existential security thesis. This article revisits this thesis using data from the sixth wave of the World Values Survey (2010–2014). The multi-level analysis reveals two key results. Consistent with previous studies, a strong correlation was found between better life conditions and lower levels of religiousness on the macro-level. Individual life conditions and threatening experiences, however, have only a very small impact on religiousness. Possible explanations for the discrepancy between macro-level and micro-level results are discussed in the final section.


2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Stock ◽  
B. Ejstrud ◽  
M. Vinther-Larsen ◽  
P. Schlattmann ◽  
T. Curtis ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Wernet

This research uses a series of hierarchical linear regression models fitted to data from the 2014 World Values Survey (wvs) and national statistics for 49 countries to specify the relationship between variables at the macro, meso, and micro level with attitudes of gender equality. In addition to the development of an updated and more robust Gender Equality Scale, the findings show that economic development increases support for gender equality, in line with Inglehart’s postmaterialist hypothesis. A history of communist rule and income inequality also increase attitudes of gender equality. Secularity has the greatest explanatory power in the equation; the results show that being educated, female, and less religious significantly increases one’s likelihood to support gender equality.


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