The Impact of Secularity on Attitudes of Gender Equality: A Multi-Level Analysis of 49 Nations

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Wernet
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Analysis

This research uses a series of hierarchical linear regression models fitted to data from the 2014 World Values Survey (wvs) and national statistics for 49 countries to specify the relationship between variables at the macro, meso, and micro level with attitudes of gender equality. In addition to the development of an updated and more robust Gender Equality Scale, the findings show that economic development increases support for gender equality, in line with Inglehart’s postmaterialist hypothesis. A history of communist rule and income inequality also increase attitudes of gender equality. Secularity has the greatest explanatory power in the equation; the results show that being educated, female, and less religious significantly increases one’s likelihood to support gender equality.

Religious Pluralism, Personal Laws and Gender Equality in Asia: Their History of Conflict and the Prospects for Accommodation

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Juliette G. Duara
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
British Colonization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Independence Movements

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between three religio-legal traditions and their interactions and responses to the concept of gender equality as reflected in their inheritance practices. Specifically, questions of accommodation and authenticity will be explored through the Hindu, Confucian and Islamic traditions as they exist in contemporary India, Singapore and Hong Kong. While the primary focus will be on the current state of law and practice, the paper will begin personal laws during the period of British colonization. The impact of British jurisprudence will be recounted as background to understanding the contemporary state of the three traditions. For India and Singapore this history will include the impact of their independence movements on their personal laws. Hong Kong's history will include the impact of the territory's return to China.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

Dependency in Africa: Stages of African Political Economy

1983 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amechi Okolo
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The West ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Contact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper traces the history of the relationship between Africa and the West since their first contact brought about by the outward thrust of the West, under the impetus of rising capitalism, in search of cheap labour and cheap raw material for its industries and expanding markets for its industrial products, both of which could be better ensured through domination and exploitation. The paper identifies five successive stages that African political economy has passed through under the impact of this relationship, each phase qualitatively different from the other but all having the common characteristic of domination-dependence syndrome, and each phase having been dictated by the dynamics of capitalism in different eras and by the dominant forces in the changing international system. Its finding is that the way to the latest stage, the dependency phase, was paved by the progressive proletarianization of the African peoples and the maintenance of an international peonage system. It ends by indicating the direction in which Africa can make a beginning to break out of dependency and achieve liberation.

Religion and Politics in Contemporary Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ateş Altınordu
Keyword(s):  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Political Incorporation ◽  
Turkish Politics ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Turkish State ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Religion and secularism have been central threads in Turkish politics throughout the history of the republic. This chapter focuses on three important aspects of the relationship between religion and politics in contemporary Turkey. First, it explores the political functions of the Directorate of Religious Affairs (Diyanet), a government agency that has served as the primary means for the implementation of the religious policies of the Turkish state. Second, it investigates the relations between Islamic communities, political parties, and the state and argues that the distinction between official and unofficial Islam that has informed much of the work on the Turkish religious field must be strongly qualified. Finally, the author focuses on the trajectory of political Islam in Turkey, critically reviewing the literature on the rise, political incorporation, and authoritarian turn of Islamic parties. The conclusion emphasizes the need for studies investigating the impact of politics on religiosity in Turkish society.

scholarly journals Transactions Volume, Exchange Direction and Asymmetry of Volatility in Emerging Market: Evidence From Tunisian Stock Exchange

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Jaber Yasmina
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Trading Activity ◽  
Auto Correlation ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study is an attempt to explain the relationship between intraday return and volume in Tunisian Stock Market. Indeed, former researches avow that the trading activity have the main explanatory power for volatility. However, most theories measure the activity of transactions through the size of exchange or the number of transactions. Nevertheless, these components are not aware enough of the importance of the direction of exchange when explaining the phenomenon of asymmetry of volatility. In the most of studies, the technique “Augmented Tick Test” (ATT) is employed so as to identify the direction of exchange. Such technique is adapted for the markets directed by orders like the Tunisian financial market. Again, this paper shows that the impact of the direction of exchange differs according to the market trend. In other words, if the returns are positive, the transactions of sale (of purchase) generate a decrease (increase) of volatility; whereas, they induce an increase (drop) of volatility if returns are negative. This result stresses the significance of exchange direction in explaning the asymmetry of volatility. Moreover, throughout this study, one may affirm that “Herding trades” are at the origin of the increase of volatility, while the “Contrarian trades” reduce volatility. Similarly, the identification of the direction of exchange enables us to affirm that the transactions of the initiates are characterized by the absence of returns auto- correlation; whereas, the transactions carried out by uninformed investors present an auto- correlation of the returns. In fact, the sign of this correlation varies according to transaction direction.

scholarly journals Living in precarity: Ethnography of everyday struggles of single mothers in Lithuania

Sociologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-83
Author(s):  
Laura Lapinske
Keyword(s):  
Single Mothers ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Living

This paper presents challenges and life strategies of highly educated single mothers in Lithuania. My ethnography traces the impact on strategies of remaining in a country where exit strategies - alcoholism, suicide, emigration - prevail and seem as an ?easier? option. It is a study concerned with the relationship between precarity, single motherhood, social reproduction and everyday living. I focus on precarious living conditions, social isolation and stigmatization, unappreciated and highly gendered care-work. Based on collaborative ethnographic fieldwork material, the paper presents the micro-level attempts to negotiate what it means to be a lone care-taker, to revalorize and challenge the hegemonic narratives of individual strength and success.

Prevalence of ADHD in children born by mothers consuming Frankincense during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alimohammad Ranjbar ◽  
Elahe Kamali Ardakani ◽  
Rahele Zareshahi
Keyword(s):  
Data Gathering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Positive Effect

Aims: In Iranian culture, due to some narratives from the prophet Mohammad about the use of frankincense during pregnancy for increasing IQ in children, some women consume frankincense during expectancy. This study's goal is to evaluate the relationship between frankincense used during pregnancy and the incidence of ADHD. Methods: In this study, the case group comprised children 4-17 years old referring to Shahid Chamran Pharmacy in Yazd from summer to winter 2018 for receiving Methylphenidate, those with whom a psychologist had identified ADHD based on DSM-V factors.  The control group included children of the same age group but without ADHD. For data gathering, a checklist was used with some questions on smoking, family history of ADHD, presence/absence of a specific disease during pregnancy, frankincense used during pregnancy, and a chemical medication consumed during pregnancy. Results: The main result demonstrated that the children whose mothers used frankincense during pregnancy were 0.67 times less likely to be affected by ADHD than those whose mothers did not use this substance. However, the difference failed to be statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Some studies report that frankincense can bear a positive effect on the development of the brain and possibly adequate formation of dendrites trees, axons and induce proper communication between them, so the impact of frankincense on the brain may be justified by its protective effect against the hyperactive child.

Essays on the history of Russian journalism in the first third of the XIX century

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Literature ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Printed Sources

In collective scientific work the causes and dynamics of complex and contradictory processes of formation of Russian journalism in the first third of the XIX century are analyzed and the relationship of Russian journalism and literature of this period is studied on the basis of the analysis of publicistic texts of writers in periodicals and rare printed sources. The team of authors also sought to theoretically comprehend and practically study journalism as a special field of literature, to develop new conceptual foundations for analyzing the complex and multi-level interaction of journalism and other types and genres of Russian literature.

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