Ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emissions during soil preparation and N fertilization of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)

Nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas whose atmospheric growth rate has accelerated over the past decade. Most anthropogenic N2O emissions result from soil N fertilization, which is converted to N2O via oxic nitrification and anoxic denitrification pathways. Drought-affected soils are expected to be well oxygenated; however, using high-resolution isotopic measurements, we found that denitrifying pathways dominated N2O emissions during a severe drought applied to managed grassland. This was due to a reversible, drought-induced enrichment in nitrogen-bearing organic matter on soil microaggregates and suggested a strong role for chemo- or codenitrification. Throughout rewetting, denitrification dominated emissions, despite high variability in fluxes. Total N2O flux and denitrification contribution were significantly higher during rewetting than for control plots at the same soil moisture range. The observed feedbacks between precipitation changes induced by climate change and N2O emission pathways are sufficient to account for the accelerating N2O growth rate observed over the past decade.

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Production potential and chemical composition of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) at different ages for energy purposes

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.5897/ajb2017.16014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (25) ◽

pp. 1428-1433 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kesia Faria Vidal Ana ◽

da Costa Barbe Tatiane ◽

Figueiredo Daher Rogerio ◽

Eustáquio Almeida Filho Janeo ◽

Samara Nunes de Lima Roberta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Production Potential ◽

Different Ages ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum Schum

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Physicochemical Properties of a Solid Fuel from Biomass of Elephant Grass Charcoal (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) and Recyclable PET and HDPE

Materials Research ◽

10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2019-0350 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Sabrina Mara de Macedo Vieira ◽

Marcelo de Castro Knop ◽

Patrícia da Luz Mesquita ◽

Eduardo Prado Baston ◽

Fabiano Luiz Naves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Solid Fuel ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum Schum

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Injection of Dicyandiamide-Treated Pig Slurry Reduced Ammonia Volatilization without Enhancing Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions from No-Till Corn in Southern Brazil

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq2013.07.0301 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 789-800 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Celso Aita ◽

Rogério Gonzatto ◽

Ezequiel C. C. Miola ◽

Daniela B. dos Santos ◽

Philippe Rochette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrous Oxide ◽

Ammonia Volatilization ◽

Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

No Till

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Agronomic features of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) cv. Roxo under irrigation

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n1p275 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 275

Author(s):

Ana Paula da Silva Carvalho ◽

Roney Mendes de Arruda ◽

Joadil Gonçalves de Abreu ◽

Alexandre Lima de Souza ◽

Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Water Depth ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Matter Production ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum Schum ◽

Water Depths

This study aimed to evaluate how different irrigation water depths influence the agronomical features of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) cv. Roxo. Grass was cultivated in a pasture belonging to the Bovine Sector of the National Agrotechnical School of Caceres – MT. The experiment was a block design with five treatments and four repetitions. Treatments consisted of five water depths: 0 = 0% of available water (AW), 1 = 21% of AW, 2 = 34% of AW, 3 = 74% of AW, and 5 = 100% of AW. Evaluated features were production (dry matter ha-1), plant height, leaf/steam ratio, and stem diameter. Dry matter production of cuts from May and July increased linearly with increasing water depth (P < 0.05). Plant height increased linearly as water depth increased in the cuts of May and September, while the height of July cuts was 71.76 cm under an irrigation depth of 390.77 mm. In May, July, and September cuts, leaf percentage decreased linearly as water depth increased (P < 0.05). An increase of 1 mm in water depth reduced leaf percentage by 0.0936% (May), 0.0295% (July), and 0.0122% (September). Our results indicate that to improve dry matter production, May, July, and September cuts should be irrigated with water depths of 56.03 mm, 601.78 mm, and 577.65 mm, respectively.

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Nutritional value, fermentation losses and aerobic stability of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) silage treated with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.48272 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e48272

Author(s):

Maikon Figueredo Lemos ◽

Alexandro Pereira Andrade ◽

Pedro Henrique Ferreira da Silva ◽

Camila Oliveira Santos ◽

Caio Felipe Barros Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Aerobic Stability ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum Schum

The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritional value, fermentation losses, and aerobic stability of elephant grass silage (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) treated with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replicates (experimental silos) and five levels of fibrolytic enzymes (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0%). For this, the elephant grass was ensiled at 70 days of age in plastic buckets with 20L capacity. Silos were opened 60 days after sealing. Analyses were made for chemical composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), effluent losses (EL), gas losses (GL) and dry matter recovery (DMR), as well as the aerobic stability of the silage. Data were analyzed with PROC REG of SAS® University, at 5% probability. There was an increase in IVDMD content (p < 0.0001) and reduction in NDF and ADF contents (p < 0.0001) according to enzyme levels. These results were related to the increase in the degradation of fiber fractions. There were higher EL (p = 0.0062) as a function of enzyme levels and aerobic deterioration after silo opening, at all levels tested. Thus, it can be concluded that the exogenous fibrolytic enzymes change the chemical composition of elephant grass silage, and increase its digestibility and nutritional value. Moreover, when used alone as an additive, fibrolytic enzymes are not able to recover all dry matter of this silage (with effluent and gas losses), and are not able to maintain aerobic stability in the first hours after opening the silos.

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