PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS TERNAK SAPI MELALUI INTRODUKSI HIJAUAN PAKAN TERNAK UNGGUL DI PULO NASI ACEH BESAR

ABSTRAKTernak sapi di Pulo Nasi Kabupaten Aceh Besar umumnya dipelihara seadanya, dibiarkan lepas sepanjang hari sehingga dapat menggangu usaha pertanian, jalan umum, dan masalah sosial. Permasalahan utamanya disebabkan keterbatasan tersedianya hijauan pakan ternak (HPT) dan perkandangan yang tidak memadai. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peternak dalam penyediaan HPT berupa rumput unggul (odot dan lampung) dan manajemen pemeliharaan sapi. Metode pelaksanaan berupa: penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan pendampingan. Metode pengumpulan data dengan wawancara (kuesioner). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Keberhasilan kegiatan pengabdian ini diukur kemampuan anggota kelompok peternak dalam menanam dan merawat HPT dan perbaikan tata laksana pemeliharaan sapi. Sasaran kegiatan adalah Kelompok Peternak Deudap Usaha Mandiri dan Beujaya Gampong di Desa Deudap Pulo Nasi Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Hasil pelaksanaan menunjukkan anggota peternak telah terampil melakukan penanaman dan pemeliharaan rumput odot dan lampung. Nilai ketercapaian materi adalah 86% dari 35 orang anggota kelompok peternak. Pemeliharaan rumput odot lebih mudah dan disukai ternak sapi. Dampak lainnya adalah kelompok peternak sepakat membuat kandang sapi komunal. Kendala yang ditemukan saat awal penanaman rumpot odot dan lampung berupa gangguan kepiting darat yang merusak tunas muda. Simpulan menunjukkan bahwa peternak telah berkomitmen untuk memelihara rumput dan mengandangkan sapinya. Kata kunci: pulo nasi aceh besar; sapi; rumpot odot; rumput lampung. ABSTRACTThe problem of cattle in Pulo Nasi, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, is generally maintained as it is without adequate management. Cows are left loose all day long so they can interfere with agricultural, pollute yard and public roads as well as social problems. This problem can occur due to the limited availability of forages and cow housing. The purpose of this service activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of farmer regarding the provision of forage to introduction (planting) of superior grass (odot and lampung) and cow rearing management. The implementation method was: counseling, training, and mentoring. The method of collecting data by interview (questionnaire). Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The success of this service activity was measured by the ability of the farmer group members to plant and care for HPT and improve the management of cattle raising. The targets of the activity were two groups of farmers Deudap Usaha Mandiri and Beujaya Gampong in Deudap Village. The results showed that the members of the farmer were skilled at planting and maintaining odot and lampung grass. The value of material achievement was 86% of the 35 farmer group members. Maintenance of odot grass is easier and preferred by cattle. Another impact is that farmer groups agree to build a communal cow shed. The obstacle found at the beginning of planting odot and lampung clumps was disturbance of land crabs which damaged the young shoots. The conclusion shows that the farmer has committed to maintain the grass and house his cows. Keywords: pulo aceh; cattle; dwarf elephant grass; lampung grass; cattle farming management.

PENGARUH DOSIS BOKASHI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADA PEMOTONGAN PERTAMA RUMPUT GAJAH MINI (Pennisetum Purpureum cv. Mott)

This research aims was to determine the effect of bokashi dose on plant height, number of tillers, percentage of stems, fresh production, and dry matter production and also to determine the optimum dose of bokashi to obtain the best results on growth and production at the first harvest of dwarf elephant grass. This research was conducted in March 2020 - July 2020 in Sidodadi Asri village, Jati Agung district, South Lampung regency. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 levels of treatment, namely P0 (control); P1 (bokashi dosage 30 tons/ha); P2 (bokashi dosage 40 tons/ha); and P3 (bokashi dosage 50 tons/ha). Each experimental treatment unit has plot measuring 2x2 m2. Each trial unit was repeated 3 times, so there were 12 trial units. The data were analyzed by variations analyzed at 5% and or 1% level, after that it was followed by orthogonal polynomial test. The results showed that the dose of bokashi had a significant effect (P<0,05) on plant height, fresh production, and dry production, but had no significant effect (P>0,05) on number of tillers, and percentage of stems. The effect of bokashi fertilizer on plant height was obtained by using the optimum bokashi dose of 36.73 tons/ha and the equation was = 60,13 + 35,38x - 6.62x2 [0 ; 50 ton/Ha] (P<0,01). The optimum dose was not obtained for the number of tillers, percentage of stems, fresh production, and dry production. Keywords: Plant height, Number of tillers, Percentage of stems, Fresh production, Dry production

PENGARUH DOSIS PENAMBAHAN BOKASHI TERHADAP PROTEIN KASAR DAN SERAT KASAR PADA PEMOTONGAN PERTAMA RUMPUT GAJAH MINI (Pennisetum Purpureum cv. Mott)

This research aimed to determine the effect of bokashi dose on crude protein and crude fiber content at the first cut of dwarf elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum cv. Mott). This research was conducted in March�Juli 2020 in Sidodadi Asri village, Jati Agung district, South Lampung regency. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) applying four treatments of bokashi dose, namely P0 (control), P1 (30 ton/Ha); P2 (40 ton/Ha); dan P3 (50 ton/Ha) with 3 replications each. The experimental unit of this study was plot of land with size of 200 cm x 200 cm. The obtained data were then analyzed using analysis of variance at 5% significant level and tested further with Orthogonal polynomial. The results showed that there was no significant effect (P>0.05) of different dose of bokashi on the crude protein and crude fiber content of dwarf elephant grass. Keywords: : Dwarf Elephant Grass, Dose, Bokashi,Crude Protein, Crude Fiber

Fermentasi Aerob dan An-Aerob Rumput Gajah Mini (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) untuk Pakan Kambing Boerka Sedang Tumbuh

ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh fermentasi secara aerobik dan anaerobik rumput gajah mini (RGM) sebagai pakan terhadap performan kambing Boerka. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dan terdiri atas tiga perlakuan yaitu RGM segar, RGM hasil fermentasi an-aerob dan RGM hasil fermentasi aerob. Pada setiap perlakuan ternak diberikan konsentrat dengan komposisi 50% hijauan dan 50% konsentrat berdasarkan bahan kering. Digunakan 24 ekor ternak kambing Boerka jantan (8 ekor per perlakuan). Ternak ditempatkan di kandang individu. Peubah yang diamati mencakup konsumsi bahan kering (BK), pertambahan bobot hidup harian (PBHH), efisiensi penggunaan pakan (EPP), income over feed cost (IOFC) dan kecernaan pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RGM segar sebagai pakan kambing dengan persentase pemberian 50% RGM dan 50% konsentrat menghasilkan PBHH dan IOFC yang nyata lebih tinggi (P0,05) dibanding RGM hasil fermentasi (62,1 vs 32,4 g/e/h dan Rp. 222.960 vs Rp. 104.397/e/3 bln) diikuti dengan EPP yang sama dengan RGM hasil fermentasi aerob sebesar 0,10. Pengolahan RGM melalui fermentasi meningkatkan kandungan protein kasar namun tidak meningkatkan kecernaan. Pemanfaatan RGM hasil fermentasi an-aerob untuk pakan kambing Boerka sedang tumbuh dapat menghasilkan konsumsi nutrien, kecernaan nutrien, PBHH, EPP dan IOFC yang sebanding dengan RGM tanpa fermentasi. (Aerob and un-aerob fermentation of dwarf elephant grass as feed for growing Boerka goat) ABSTRACT. The research was aimed to study the effects of fermentation of dwarf elephant grass (DEG) as feed on Boerka goat performances. The experiment was at Indonesian Goat Research Station, Sei Putih in 2015. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized designed, and consisted of three diet treatments namely 1) fresh (unfermented) DEG, 2) aerobically-fermented DEG, and 3) anaerobically-fermentation DEG. Goat was offered 50% concentrate and 50% DEG on every treatment based on dry matter. Twenty four of male Boerka goats were used on this experiment (eight animals per treatment). Parameters observed included dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), income over feed cost (IOFC) and digestibility. The results showed that utilitazion of unfermented dwarf elephant resulted in higher ADG and IOFC (P0.05) than goats received aerob fermented dwarf elephant grass (62.1 vs 32.4 g/h/d dan Rp. 222,960 vs Rp. 104,397/h/3 month). Feed efficiency ranged from 0.08 to 0.10 and was not affected by treatments (P0.05). Fermentation of DEG increase crude protein content. The usage of anaerobically-fermentation DEG as feed of Boerka goat produce nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, ADG, feed efficiency and IOFC which were comparable to DEG without fermentation.

PRODUKTIVITAS HIJAUAN YANG DITANAM PADA NAUNGAN POHON KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN TANAMAN CAMPURAN

This research intended to determine the effect of palm oil tree shade and mixed planting on grass and leguminous on productivity. This research has been done on March—June 2018 in Tanjung Agung Area, Katibung District, Kalianda, South Lampung. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with split plot design method. The treatment was implemented in this research is (1) shading, consist of two levels, which are N0 (without shade) and N1 (palm oil tree shade) and (2) mixed plant species, consist of two variations; which is A1 (elephant grass and purple bush bean) and A2 (dwarf elephant grass and purple bush bean). The data which obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance on 5% significant level, then if the result significantly difference, it were analyzed with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that palm oil shading has not significant effect on grass productivity. there is an interaction between the type of grass and oil palm shade on the number of elephant grass and odot grass tillers. The dry matter of grass on mixed planting on land without shade was significantly different with dry matter of grass on mixed planting in palm oil shade. However, it has tendency to increase organic matter of grasss on palm oil shade. Keywords: Palm Oil Shade, Elephant Grass, Dwarf Elephant Grass, Mixing Grass, Productivity