Prevention of venous thromboembolism in pregnant patients with a history of venous thromboembolic disease: A retrospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Lazo-Langner ◽  
Fatimah Al-Ani ◽  
Sarah Weisz ◽  
Camilla Rozanski ◽  
Martha Louzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Evaluating the effectiveness of using enoxaparin to prevent venous thromboembolism in hip replacement patients: A retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4228-4232
Author(s):  
Vo Thanh Toan ◽  
To Dong Kha ◽  
Bui Van Anh
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vte Prophylaxis ◽  
Prophylaxis Group ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Our research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis using enoxaparin in patients undergoing hip replacement. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on medical records of patients aged 40 years and older undergoing hip replacement. Exclusion criteria included patients who had used anticoagulants to prevent other diseases, patients with a history of chronic renal failure, liver failure, cancer or allergy to anticoagulants, and patients with indicated mechanical prophylaxis. In our study, 65 patients were randomized into 2 groups - the control group and the venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis group (receiving subcutaneous enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 - 14 days). Preventive effectiveness was evaluated based on the comparison of VTE incidence after surgery between the groups. Results: In our study, most of the patients were over 60 years old (79.2%). No case of pulmonary embolism was recorded. There were 11 patients in the control group (17.2%) who developed deep venous thrombosis (DVT) versus 2 patients in the prophylaxis group (3.1%). After adjusting for postoperative hospital stay, use of enoxaparin reduced the risk of DVT by 89.7% (OR 0.103, 95% confidence interval 0.019-0.569, p=0.009), especially in patients over 60 years old (OR 0.147, 95% confidence interval 0.026 - 0.822, p = 0.029). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that using enoxaparin significantly reduces the incidence of DVT in patients undergoing hip replacement, especially in patients over 60 years old.

scholarly journals Reinfection Rates Among Patients Who Previously Tested Positive for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M Sheehan ◽  
Anita J Reddy ◽  
Michael B Rothberg
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Prior Infection ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Protection afforded from prior disease among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is unknown. If infection provides substantial long-lasting immunity, it may be appropriate to reconsider vaccination distribution. Methods This retrospective cohort study of 1 health system included 150 325 patients tested for COVID-19 infection via polymerase chain reaction from 12 March 2020 to 30 August 2020. Testing performed up to 24 February 2021 in these patients was included. The main outcome was reinfection, defined as infection ≥90 days after initial testing. Secondary outcomes were symptomatic infection and protection of prior infection against reinfection. Results Of 150 325 patients, 8845 (5.9%) tested positive and 141 480 (94.1%) tested negative before 30 August. A total of 1278 (14.4%) positive patients were retested after 90 days, and 62 had possible reinfection. Of those, 31 (50%) were symptomatic. Of those with initial negative testing, 5449 (3.9%) were subsequently positive and 3191 of those (58.5%) were symptomatic. Protection offered from prior infection was 81.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76.6–85.8) and against symptomatic infection was 84.5% (95% CI, 77.9–89.1). This protection increased over time. Conclusions Prior infection in patients with COVID-19 was highly protective against reinfection and symptomatic disease. This protection increased over time, suggesting that viral shedding or ongoing immune response may persist beyond 90 days and may not represent true reinfection. As vaccine supply is limited, patients with known history of COVID-19 could delay early vaccination to allow for the most vulnerable to access the vaccine and slow transmission.

scholarly journals Outcomes following feeding gastrostomy (FG) insertion in patients with learning disability: a retrospective cohort study using the health improvement network (THIN) database

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e026714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R Harvey ◽  
Tom Thomas ◽  
Joht Singh Chandan ◽  
Neeraj Bhala ◽  
Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Health Improvement Network

ObjectivesTo measure the rates of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and mortality following feeding gastrostomy (FG) placement in patients with learning disability (LD). Following this to compare these rates between those having LRTI prior to FG placement and those with no recent LRTI.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting and participantsThe study population included patients with LD undergoing FG placement in the ‘The Health Improvement Network’ database. Patients with LRTI in the year prior (LYP) to their FG placement were compared with patients without a history of LRTI in the year prior (non-LYP) to FG placement. FG placement and LD were identified using Read codes previously developed by an expert panel.Main outcome measuresIncidence rate ratio (IRR) of developing LRTI and mortality following FG, comparing patients with LRTI in the year prior to FG placement to patients without a history of LRTI.Results214 patients with LD had a FG inserted including 743.4 person years follow-up. 53.7% were males and the median age was 27.6 (IQR 19.6 to 38.6) years. 27.1% were in the LYP patients. 18.7% had a LRTI in the year following FG, with an estimated incidence rate of 254 per 1000-person years. Over the study period the incidence rate of LRTI in LYP patients was 369 per 1000-person years, in non-LYP patients this was 91 per 1000-person years (adjusted IRR 4.21 (95% CI 2.68 to 6.63) p<0.001). 27.1% of patients died during study follow-up. Incidence rate of death was 80 and 45 per 1000-person year for LYP and non-LYP patients, respectively (adjusted IRR 1.80 (1.00 to 3.23) p=0.05).ConclusionIn LD patients, no clinically meaningful reduction in LRTI incidence was observed following FG placement. Mortality and LRTI were higher in patients with at least one LRTI in the year preceding FG placement, compared with those without a preceding LRTI.

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