Intestinal schistosomiasis caused by both Schistosoma intercalatum and Schistosoma mansoni

AbstractDue to the efforts to control schistosomiasis transmission in tropical countries, a large proportion of individuals from endemic areas present low parasite loads, which hinders diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis by the Kato-Katz (KK) method. Therefore, the development of more sensitive diagnostic methods is essential for efficient control measures. The aim was to evaluate the accuracy of a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect Schistosoma mansoni DNA in fecal samples of individuals with low parasite loads. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in a rural community (n = 257) in Brazil. POC-CCA® was performed in urine and feces were used for RT-PCR. In addition, fecal exams were completed by 18 KK slides, saline gradient and Helmintex techniques. The combined results of the three parasitological tests detected schistosome eggs in 118 participants (45.9%) and composed the consolidated reference standard (CRS). By RT-PCR, 117 out of 215 tested samples were positive, showing 91.4% sensitivity, 80.2% specificity and good concordance with the CRS (kappa = 0.71). RT-PCR identified 86.9% of the individuals eliminating less than 12 eggs/g of feces, demonstrating much better performance than POC-CCA® (50.8%). Our results showed that RT-PCR is a valuable alternative for the diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis in individuals with very low parasite loads.

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Environmental epidemiology of intestinal schistosomiasis and genetic diversity of Schistosoma mansoni infections in snails at Bugoigo village, Lake Albert

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.10.003 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 128 (2) ◽

pp. 284-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sarah Levitz ◽

Claire J. Standley ◽

Moses Adriko ◽

Narcis B. Kabatereine ◽

J. Russell Stothard

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Environmental Epidemiology ◽

Intestinal Schistosomiasis

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Coordination of humoral immune factors dictates compatibility between Schistosoma mansoni and Biomphalaria glabrata

10.1101/767699 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hongyu Li ◽

Jacob R. Hambrook ◽

Emmanuel A. Pila ◽

Abdullah A. Gharamah ◽

Jing Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Immune System ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Human Parasite ◽

Intestinal Schistosomiasis ◽

Immune Factors

AbstractImmune factors in snails of the genus Biomphalaria are critical for combating Schistosoma mansoni, the predominant cause of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Independently, many of these factors are known to play an important role in, but not fully define, the compatibility between the model snail B. glabrata, and S. mansoni. Here, we demonstrate association between four, previously characterized humoral immune molecules; BgFREP3, BgTEP1, BgFREP2 and Biomphalysin. We also identify unique immune determinants in the plasma of S. mansoni-resistant B. glabrata that explain the incompatible phenotype. These factors coordinate to initiate haemocyte-mediated deestruction of S. mansoni sporocysts via production of reactive oxygen species. The inclusion of BgFREP2 in a BgFREP3-initiated complex that also includes BgTEP1 almost completely explains resistance to S. mansoni in this model. Our study unifies many independent lines of investigation to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the snail immune system in the context of infection by this important human parasite.

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Detection of Early Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Intestinal Schistosomiasis: Sonographic and Histologic Findings in Schistosoma mansoni Infection

Infection ◽

10.1007/s15010-008-7202-4 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 585-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. Chiavaroli ◽

P. Grima ◽

P. Grima

Keyword(s):

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Intestinal Schistosomiasis

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Successful detection, expression and purification of the alternatively spliced truncated Sm14 antigen of an Egyptian strain of Schistosoma mansoni

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x14000571 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 764-768

Author(s):

R.E. Ewaisha ◽

M. Bahey-El-Din ◽

S.F. Mossallam ◽

A.M. Khalil ◽

H.M. Aboushleib

Keyword(s):

Fusion Protein ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Short Communication ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Expression And Purification ◽

Vaccine Protection ◽

Metal Affinity ◽

Intestinal Schistosomiasis ◽

Alternatively Spliced ◽

Mrna Precursor

AbstractSchistosoma mansoni causes intestinal schistosomiasis, a disease that is prevalent in several regions worldwide. To date, a protective vaccine against S. mansoni is still lacking. Several promising antigens have been discovered and evaluated for vaccine protection, such as Sm14 and Sm28GST. In this short communication, we report the successful detection of an alternatively spliced truncated form of Sm14 which was highly expressed in an Egyptian strain of S. mansoni. This truncated Sm14 (TrSm14) protein was formerly reported to be practically non-existent and its complementary DNA (cDNA) was thought to be ‘a rare misprocessing of mRNA precursor’. Our finding demonstrates that there is inter-strain variation in the S. mansoni transcriptome and subsequently in the role/function of the expressed proteins. We expressed TrSm14 successfully in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with the schistosomal antigen Sm28GST. The fusion protein was purified using metal affinity chromatography and was found to be reactive with serum from S. mansoni-infected patients. This suggests a possible diagnostic value for this protein in detection of anti-schistosomal antibodies. In addition, this fusion protein could offer a potential bivalent vaccine candidate against S. mansoni that is worthy of further investigation.

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Electrophoretic differentiation of soluble egg antigens fromSchistosoma mansoniisolates using SDS-PAGE

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00015182 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 91-93

Author(s):

D. Pillay

Keyword(s):

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Puerto Rican ◽

South African ◽

Protein Profiles ◽

Regional Variations ◽

Intestinal Schistosomiasis ◽

Sds Page ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Molecular Masses ◽

Geographical Isolates

AbstractIn order to detect intraspecies differences among isolates ofSchistosoma mansonifrom different geographical regions, soluble egg antigens (SEAs) of three isolates were characterized using SDS-PAGE. SEAs were prepared from eggs of a South African (SA), Eastern Caprivian (EC) and Puerto Rican (PR) isolate, separated by SDS-PAGE, stained and the molecular masses of constituent polypeptides determined. Protein profiles differed for all three isolates with the number of polypeptides varying from 25 for the PR isolate to 27 for the EC and SA isolates. Molecular masses of the polypeptides fall within the range of 12.0 kDa to 97.9 kDa. The EC and SA isolates shared ten common polypeptides, the PR and SA isolates five and the PR and EC isolates two. Only a 30.8 kDa and a 12.0 kDa polypeptide were common to all three isolates. These differences may, to some extent, account for regional variations in the morbidity of intestinal schistosomiasis reported for different geographical isolates ofS. mansoni.

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Immunoblot analysis of membrane antigens of Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma intercalatum, and Schistosoma haematobium against Schistosoma-infected patient sera

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-010-1798-x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 106 (5) ◽

pp. 1225-1231 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Italo M. Cesari ◽

Diana E. Ballen ◽

L. Mendoza ◽

Alain Ferrer ◽

Jean-Pierre Pointier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Infected Patient ◽

Schistosoma Haematobium ◽

Immunoblot Analysis ◽

Membrane Antigens ◽

Schistosoma Intercalatum

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SCHISTOSOMIASIS, Hubungan Respon Imun dan Perubahan Patologi

Majalah Kedokteran Andalas ◽

10.22338/mka.v35.i2.p81-90.2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Selfi Renita Rusjdi

Keyword(s):

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Schistosoma Japonicum ◽

Schistosoma Haematobium ◽

Organ Damage ◽

The Body ◽

Schistosoma Mekongi ◽

History Of Disease ◽

History Of ◽

Egg Antigen ◽

Schistosoma Intercalatum

AbstrakSchistosomiasis merupakan suatu penyakit tropik yang disebabkan oleh cacing genus Schistosoma. Spesies yang dapat menginfeksi manusia antara lain Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi, Schistosoma haematobium dan Schistosoma intercalatum. Penyakit ini telah menyerang 200 juta orang penduduk di negara berkembang. Penularan pada manusia terjadi dengan cara serkaria menembus kulit sewaktu kontak dengan air yang mengandung serkaria.Respon imun pada penderita schistosomiasis terhadap antigen cacing dan telurnya mempengaruhi perjalanan penyakit dan klinis yang ditimbulkan. Status imunitas menentukan perubahan patologi yang akan terjadi seperti pembentukan granuloma, gangguan terhadap organ atau bahkan melindungi penderita terhadap kejadian infeksi berat. Pada keadaan tertentu cacing schistosoma dapat bertahan selama bertahun – tahun meskipun hospes mempunyai respon imun yang kuat.Gejala schistosomiasis akut dapat berupa demam, malaise, mialgia, batuk, sakit kepala dan nyeri abdomen yang dikenal dengan sindroma Katayama. Gejala akut ini sering muncul pada orang yang mengalami infeksi pertama kali. Pada keadaan kronik, schistosomiasis dapat menimbulkan kerusakan organ berupa fibrosis, striktur dan kalsifikasi.Kata Kunci : schistosimiasis, sindroma Katayama, fibrosis, granulomaAbstractSchistosomiasis is a tropical disease which is caused by helminth of genus schistosoma.Species of schistosoma which can infect human are Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi, Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma intercalatum. Schistosoma has infected 200 million people in developing countries. It is transmitted to human when the free living cercariae penetrate the skin in contaminated water.Immune response to somatic and egg antigen determine natural history of disease and clinical symptom. Immunity is responsible for pathological changes which formed granuloma, organ disfunction and even able to protect the body from heavy infection. In certain case, schistosomiasis can persist for years in host with strong immunity.TINJAUAN PUSTAKA82Symptoms of acute schistosomiasis also called Katayama syndrome are fever, malaise, myalgia, cough, headache and abdominal pain. The acute symptome frequently occur in first schistosomal infection. In chronic case, it can cause organ damage such fibrosis, stricture and calsification.Key word: schistosimiasis, sindroma Katayama, fibrosis, granuloma

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Coordination of humoral immune factors dictates compatibility between Schistosoma mansoni and Biomphalaria glabrata

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.51708 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hongyu Li ◽

Jacob R Hambrook ◽

Emmanuel A Pila ◽

Abdullah A Gharamah ◽

Jing Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Immune System ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Human Parasite ◽

Intestinal Schistosomiasis ◽

Immune Factors

Immune factors in snails of the genus Biomphalaria are critical for combating Schistosoma mansoni, the predominant cause of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Independently, many of these factors play an important role in, but do not fully define, the compatibility between the model snail B. glabrata, and S. mansoni. Here, we demonstrate association between four previously characterized humoral immune molecules; BgFREP3, BgTEP1, BgFREP2 and Biomphalysin. We also identify unique immune determinants in the plasma of S. mansoni-resistant B. glabrata that associate with the incompatible phenotype. These factors coordinate to initiate haemocyte-mediated destruction of S. mansoni sporocysts via production of reactive oxygen species. The inclusion of BgFREP2 in a BgFREP3-initiated complex that also includes BgTEP1 almost completely explains resistance to S. mansoni in this model. Our study unifies many independent lines of investigation to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the snail immune system in the context of infection by this important human parasite.

Download Full-text