Evaluation of exposure factors applied in marginal external cost analysis of transportation related air pollution

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steen Solvang Jensen ◽  
Eva Willumsen ◽  
Jørgen Brandt ◽  
Niels Buus Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
External Cost

scholarly journals Economic Evaluation of Renewable Fuels through Pollutants Derived from Internal Combustion Engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
György Szabados ◽  
Ákos Bereczky
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Renewable Fuels ◽  
External Costs ◽  
External Cost ◽  
Renewable Fuel ◽  
New Type ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

Renewable fuels cannot be evaluated clearly as a part of sustainability from their air pollution point of view. A comparison test series have been conducted and from their results external cost has been calculated. Three different fuels and their controlled blends have been investigated, which are the fossil diesel, conventional, standardized biodiesel, and a new type, so called TBK-biodiesel. Fuels have been investigated in a bus Diesel-engine, which operated in steady state points. Air pollution components like CO2, CO, HC, NOx and particulate have been taken into consideration for the calculation. The calculation method is a self-made one. On the basis of the results it can be stated that the overall external costs are higher in all cases of engine operating if renewable fuel is blended in the tested fuel.

scholarly journals A note on mitigating the adverse scale effects associated with daily driving restrictions

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Caplan ◽  
Man-Keun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Scale Effect ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
External Cost ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Driving Restrictions ◽  
Vehicle Registration ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThis paper investigates the role of additional regulation in mitigating the ‘adverse scale effect’ associated with daily driving restrictions, which has become a popular regulatory tool used to control episodic air pollution internationally, especially in developing countries. We find that although an annual vehicle registration tax reduces the incentive to purchase additional vehicles among households whose sole purpose for doing so is to ‘cheat’ the restriction (i.e., the ‘adverse scale effect’), it does so with an external cost. The cost occurs because households whose purpose for purchasing an additional vehicle is not to cheat the restriction are given the same disincentive with the tax. We show how simple one- and two-stage lotteries can be used to not only discriminate between cheater and non-cheater households (in particular, to avoid providing a disincentive to the latter type of household), but also to provide an even stronger disincentive to the former.

Cost analysis in the field of air pollution

1973 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1191-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M.S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cost Analysis

scholarly journals Analysis of critical issues in retrofitting of ICE vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2070 (1) ◽  
pp. 012151
Author(s):  
Rajlaxmi Darekar ◽  
Neha Gawande ◽  
Vispi Karkaria ◽  
P B Karandikar
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Input Energy ◽  
Replacement Cost ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Automobile Parts ◽  
Research Cost

Abstract Vehicle population is increasing at an alarming rate causing cities, and towns to suffer air pollution due to inefficient engines. Every year millions of vehicles are being manufactured and scrapped. Disposal or scrapping of vehicles before their useful life is not a good option. All the parts and systems of a vehicle wear out at different rates. By employing this technology of retrofit for the next 10 to 15 years, the owners will be able to contribute to society by decreasing input energy for massive automobile industries. Based on the life span of automobile parts a range of age has been found in this research at which retrofit can be carried out. In this research, cost analysis of vehicles has been carried out which shows a decrease in performance with increased maintenance, repair, and replacement cost. A mathematical model has been created for performance and cost. The minima of this mathematical model are known as retrofit age. It has been shown in this research that the time has come to adopt this technology, due to inadequate recycling of automobile parts, limited processing plants, and limited scraps yard. For this study, Honda Activa 5G, Bajaj pulsar 500, and Maruti Baleno has been considered.

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