First report of Nosomma monstrosum ticks infesting Asian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Pakistan

Background and Aim: Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by the intracellular bacterium, Coxiella burnetii. A few studies focused on the occurrence of Q fever infection in water buffaloes in Thailand have been conducted; however, little is known regarding the seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies in buffaloes. In the present study, we describe the prevalence of Q fever infection in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Phatthalung, Thailand. Materials and Methods: A total of 421 samples (156 blood, 156 sera, and 109 ectoparasites [lice]) were collected from 156 water buffaloes from 29 farms of the Phatthalung Province from January 22, 2021, to March 26, 2021. The blood and ectoparasite samples were screened for C. burnetii DNA using a polymerase chain reaction assay and the sera were tested for C. burnetii antibody using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Results: C. burnetii DNA was not detected in blood or ectoparasites; however, the seroprevalence of individual water buffaloes was 4.49% (95% CI: 2.19-8.99%), whereas that of the herd was 13.79%. There was a significant difference between abortion history and Q fever infection at 29 farms (p=0.005; OR=33.55 [95%CI: 156-722.38]). Conclusion: This is the first report describing the low seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies in water buffaloes in Phatthalung Province, Thailand. The occurrence of this pathogen in buffaloes with reproductive disorders and people working with buffaloes warrant further investigation. Animal health authorities should inform farmers to effectively prevent and control this zoonosis.

Download Full-text

Molecular assays reveal the presence of Theileria spp. and Babesia spp. in Asian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis, Linnaeus, 1758) in the Amazon region of Brazil

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.05.009 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 1017-1023 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Júlia A.G. Silveira ◽

Cairo H.S. de Oliveira ◽

Bruna T. Silvestre ◽

Tatiana T. Albernaz ◽

Rômulo C. Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bubalus Bubalis ◽

Amazon Region ◽

Water Buffaloes ◽

Molecular Assays ◽

Asian Water ◽

Babesia Spp ◽

Theileria Spp

Download Full-text

FatalTheileria orientalisN2 genotype infection among Asian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in a commercial dairy farm in Kerala, India

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182015001468 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 143 (1) ◽

pp. 69-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

KULANGARA VINODKUMAR ◽

VARIKKOTTIL SHYMA ◽

DAVIS KOLLANNUR JUSTIN ◽

SIVASAILAM ASHOK ◽

JOSEPH PARASSERY ANU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Farm ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽

Bubalus Bubalis ◽

Theileria Orientalis ◽

Water Buffaloes ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Advanced Stages ◽

Asian Water

SUMMARYFifteen dairy buffaloes of a farm in the state of Kerala, India developed fatal oriental theileriosis within 2 months of their procurement. Typical piroplasms ofTheileria orientaliswere observed in the erythrocytes of all affected animals by Giemsa–Leishman staining of blood smears. Case fatality rate was 87·5% (seven out of eight) in the clinically progressed cases. Therapeutic management with anti-theilerial drugs buparvaquone and oxytetracycline led to recovery of seven other animals in less advanced stages of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the reasons for increased virulence of this pathogen, hitherto considered to be benign. Acute haemolytic anaemia was the predominant haematological finding in the affected animals. Lymphocytic infiltration and degeneration of vital organs leading to functional derangement was the cause of the high mortality. Identification ofT. orientaliswas confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA sequencing of the PCR products revealed close identity with already reported sequences ofT. orientalis/buffeliN2 genotype. The sequences were deposited in GenBank with accession number KM609973 and KM043772.Rhipicephalusticks, previously not reported as vectors for oriental theileriosis, were identified as the potential vectors. This is the first report of fatal oriental theileriosis in Asian water buffaloes.

Download Full-text

The first report of the seroprevalence of antibodies against Bartonella spp. in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from South Thailand

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2021.3144-3148 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 3144-3148

Author(s):

Sumalee Boonmar ◽

Phirabhat Saengsawang ◽

Watcharapong Mitsuwan ◽

Decha Panjai ◽

Kamchai Kidsin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bartonella Henselae ◽

Bubalus Bubalis ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Water Buffaloes ◽

First Report ◽

Domestic Ruminants ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Ectoparasite Infestation

Background and Aim: Bartonellosis is an emerging worldwide zoonosis caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Bartonella. Several studies have been conducted on the prevalence of Bartonella infections from animals and humans, including reports from wild and domestic ruminants. However, there has been only one report of Bartonella infection in water buffaloes from the northeastern part of Thailand. Moreover, the seroprevalence of Bartonella spp. in water buffaloes still remains unknown. This study was conducted to explore the prevalence of Bartonella spp. among water buffaloes from South Thailand using molecular and serological techniques. Materials and Methods: A total of 312 samples (156 blood and 156 sera) of 156 water buffaloes from 29 farms in Phatthalung Province, South Thailand, were collected from January to March 2021. All samples were screened for Bartonella spp. using polymerase chain reaction and indirect immunofluorescence assay. Results: The seroprevalence of antibodies against three Bartonella spp. was 16.03% (25/156, 95% confidence interval: 10.65-22.74%), and among 25 water buffaloes with seroprevalence, 56%, 20%, and 24% were positive for antibodies against Bartonella henselae, Bartonella vinsonii subspp. berkhoffii, and Bartonella tamiae, respectively. No significant difference was detected among seroprevalence, gender, age, and ectoparasite infestation. Conclusion: This is the first report of the seroprevalence of antibodies against B. henselae, B. vinsonii subspp. berkhoffii, and B. tamiae in water buffaloes from South Thailand. Further studies are required on the epidemiology of Bartonella infection among water buffaloes, related personnel, and ectoparasites.

Download Full-text