Inducible clindamycin-resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs and cats

Background Resistance to antimicrobial agents is prevalent among Staphylococci. This has led to wide uses of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections. MLSB though chemically distinct, have similar target site and mode of action. The multiple mechanisms are responsible for resistance to MLSB antibiotics which can lead to clinical failure. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of inducible and constitutive clindamycin resistance among clinical isolates of S. aureus and their relationship with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Material & Methods A total of 336 unique Staphylococcus aureus isolates from different clinical samples obtained from patients were studied. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion method. “D test” was performed to detect inducible clindamycin resistance as per CLSI guidelines. MRSA was detected using Cefoxitin (30μg) and results were interpreted according to CLSI criteria.Results Inducible clindamycin resistance was seen in 45 (13.39%), constitutive clindamycin resistance was seen among 58 (17.26%) while MS phenotype was observed among 38(11.30%) of isolates. Inducible resistance as well as constitutive resistance was higher among MRSA as compared to MSSA (21.11%, 4.48% and 21.11%, 12.82%respectively).Conclusion The Successful use of clindamycin for the treatment of infection caused by S. aureus can be predicted based on the result of simple and inexpensive D test.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 5, Number 1, Issue 8, January-July 2016, 1-5

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Prevalence of coagulase‐positive methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs in Bangladesh

Veterinary Medicine and Science ◽

10.1002/vms3.701 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana ◽

Md Zohorul Islam ◽

Tridip Das ◽

Avijit Dutta ◽

Abdul Ahad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant

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Prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the first study in Jordan

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.8316 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (04) ◽

pp. 350-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Dua’a Jarajreh ◽

Amin Aqel ◽

Hamed Alzoubi ◽

Wael Al-Zereini

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

High Rate ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽

Standard Procedures ◽

Polymerase Chain

Introduction: A high rate of infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been documented, in both hospital- (HA-MRSA) and community-acquired (CA-MRSA) diseases in Jordan. Erythromycin and clindamycin are considered treatments of choice. However, resistance to erythromycin with false susceptibility to clindamycin in vitro may lead to therapeutic failure. Hence, it is mandatory to study the prevalence of inducible resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (iMLSB) antibiotics conferred by erm genes in those bacteria. Methodology: S. aureus isolates were identified morphologically and biochemically, and MRSA were appraised using standard procedures. Induction in resistance to MLSB antibiotics among MRSA isolates was detected phenotypically using the D-test, and the presence of erm genes was revealed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Of 126 collected Staphylococcus isolates, 71 (56.3%) isolates were S. aureus, of which 55 (77.5%) were MRSA. A total of 43 (78.2%) MRSA-discordant isolates were resistant to erythromycin, of which 33 (76.7%) exhibited the iMLSB (D-test positive), 2 (4.7%) the MSB (D-test negative), and 8 (18.6%) the constitutive resistant (cMLSB) phenotypes. Induction of clindamycin resistance was 1.6 times greater in CA-MRSA than in HA-MRSA. Furthermore, ermA and ermC were significantly prevalent in HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA, respectively. Conclusions: Continuous surveillance of the MLSB resistance is important and required before the prescription of clindamycin to treat MRSA infections.

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Characteristics of Erythromycin Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Raw Milk

International Journal of Enteric Pathogens ◽

10.15171/ijep.2019.25 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 121-125

Author(s):

Fatemeh Mahdavi ◽

Fatemeh Zaboli ◽

Rahem Khoshbakht

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Meca Gene ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Erythromycin Resistance ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽

Mrsa Strains

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are one of the most important multidrug resistant microorganisms that threaten human health. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of erythromycin resistance among MRSA isolates recovered from raw milk in Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 MRSA isolates were recovered from raw milk. Tests for erythromycin and clindamycin susceptibility and inducible clindamycin resistance were done. In addition, the presence of the methicillin resistance determinant (mecA), erythromycin resistance genes (ermA, ermB, ermC and msrA) and an important virulence gene (Panton– Valentine leukocidin) were investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Forty-eight percent (24/50) and 46% (23/50) of the isolates were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, respectively. Seven (14%) isolates showed inducible clindamycin resistance phenotype. The mecA gene was detected in 88% (44/50) of MRSA isolates. The incidence of the ermA, ermB, ermC and msrA genes was 14%, 64%, 12%, and 26%, respectively and the PVL gene was present in 18% (9/50) of MRSA isolates. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the incidence of erythromycin resistance genes and inducible clindamycin-resistant MRSA strains was high in raw milk samples in Iran.

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