Presence of gammaherpesvirus BoHV-4 in endometrial cytology samples is not associated with subclinical endometritis diagnosed at artificial insemination in dairy cows

Endometritis is one of uterine disorders in dairy cows causing low fertility. This study explored effects of intrauterine (IU) infusion of Cefazolin on endometrial cytology and reagent test strips parameters (leukocyte esterase [LE] and pH) in bovine subclinical endometritis. A total of 90 cows at 49-56 days in milk (DIM) diagnosed for subclinical endometritis were divided randomlyinto three groups, group I (n = 35), treated with IU infusion of 2 grams Cefazolin (Zinol ®, Pharco) diluted with 50 ml saline; group II (n = 28), treated with IU infusion of 2 gramsCephalexin (Ceporex®, GlaxoSmithKline) diluted with 50 ml saline; group III (n = 27), cows kept as untreated control. Cytological examination and reagent test strips were performed in uterine material derived with the cotton swab technique before treatment program and repeated two times later, in 10 days interval. The cows were artificially inseminated at first oestrous after the end of treatment program and conception rates were evaluated. After the end of treatment program, polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) decreased significantly (P <0.05) in Cefazolin and Cephalexin groups (3.23% and 4.39% respectively) compared tocontrol (24.89%) group, also means of LE in these groups became significantly (P<0.05) lower. The Ph value decreased after treatment, this reduction was significant after the first dose of Cefazolin, while in Cephalexin reduction of pH became significant after second dose. Cefazolin had conception rate (77.14%) significantly (P<0.05) higher than cephalexin and control groups (57.14% and 25.93% respectively). Cefazolin and Cephalexin decrease uterine PMN, LE concentration. The pH value after treatment by Cefazolin was lower than in Cephalexin. Moreover, treatment with Cefazolin resulted in a significantly higher conception rate. Thus, Cefazolin is recommended for the treatment of subclinical endometritis in dairy cows.

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LRH‐A3 and HCG increase pregnancy rate during timed artificial insemination in dairy cows

Animal Science Journal ◽

10.1111/asj.13549 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Peng Zheng ◽

He Huang ◽

Xiaoyu Li ◽

Fushuo Huang ◽

Samson Olugbenga Adeniran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Pregnancy Rate ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Timed Artificial Insemination

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Endometrial Inflammation at the Time of Insemination and Its Effect on Subsequent Fertility of Dairy Cows

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11071858 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1858

Author(s):

Karen Wagener ◽

Marc Drillich ◽

Christine Aurich ◽

Christoph Gabler

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Reverse Transcription ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Related Factor ◽

Subsequent Fertility ◽

Cxcl8 Mrna ◽

Repeat Breeder

Our objective was to investigate the level of endometrial immune response at artificial insemination (AI) and to relate it to subsequent fertility. From 71 healthy cows, endometrial cytobrush samples were taken at the first AI for cytological and mRNA analyses. Total RNA isolated from the cytobrushes was used for reverse transcription qPCR for selected transcripts. Animals were grouped into pregnant (PREG; n = 32) and non-pregnant (non-PREG; n = 39) cows following their first AI. The mRNA abundance of the neutrophil-related factor CEACAM1 and the chemokine CXCL5 was 1.2- (p = 0.03) and 2.0-fold (p = 0.04) greater in PREG than in non-PREG cows, respectively. Animals were further subdivided according to the number of inseminations until pregnancy (PREG1, n = 32; PREG2-3, n = 19) and in repeat breeder cows (RBC, n = 13). CEACAM1 and CXCL8 mRNA expression was 1.7- (p = 0.01) and 2.3-fold (p = 0.03) greater in PREG1 than in RBC, respectively. Cox regression showed that cows with PMN ≥ 1% had a 1.8-fold increased chance of pregnancy within 150 days postpartum compared with cows with fewer PMNs. We conclude that a certain level of inflammation before the stimulus of AI might be beneficial for subsequent fertility.

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Estrous synchronization and fertility of cross-bred dairy cows using prostaglandin F2α and gonadotropin releasing hormone

Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.31248/jasvm2021.291 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 171-175

Author(s):

Abubakr O. Ismail ◽

◽

Erneo B. Ochi ◽

Ambrose S. Jubara ◽

Bakri Ahmed A/Rahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Prostaglandin F2α ◽

Fixed Time ◽

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Pregnancy Rates ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Estrous Synchronization ◽

Descriptive Statistical Analysis

A comparative hormonal study of prostaglandin, gonadotropin releasing hormone and their combination was conducted on 30 randomly selected cross-bred dairy cows of SEMEX project for artificial insemination in Hillat Kuku, Khartoum North, Sudan. The study attempts to determine the response of the animals to hormonal induction and synchronization of estrous as well as fertility following fixed time artificial insemination. Three treatment groups of 10 cows each were undertaken. Groups 1, 2 and 3 involved administration of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and a combination of PGF2α + GnRH, respectively. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The results revealed that all the three protocols induced and synchronized estrous were almost synchronous in all the treated groups. However, protocol 3 revealed a significantly (p<0.05) better result of 70% pregnancy rate compared to other two protocols that equally provided 50% pregnancy rates. The study resolves that protocol 3 be highly recommended to change the mindset of farmers about the spread of reproductive technology in Sudan. Protocols 1 and 2 provided acceptable pregnancy rates that can be enhanced with the improvement of management.

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