Increased genetic diversity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from companion animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Loncaric ◽  
Sarah Lepuschitz ◽  
Werner Ruppitsch ◽  
Alan Trstan ◽  
Thomas Andreadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) prevalence in humans in close contact with animals and measures to reduce on-farm colonisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Crespo-Piazuelo ◽  
Peadar G. Lawlor
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
On Farm

AbstractSince the 1940s, Staphylococcus aureus has adapted to the use of different antimicrobials to treat infections. Although S. aureus can act as a commensal bacterium, some strains are facultative pathogens and acquiring them can be fatal. In particular, treating infections caused by S. aureus with acquired antimicrobial resistance is problematic, as their treatment is more difficult. Some of these S. aureus variants are methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with prevalence across the globe in health-care facilities, community settings and on livestock farms. Apart from humans, MRSA can colonise other animal species, and because of this, resistance to new antimicrobials can appear and jump between species. Livestock and companion animals are particularly important in this regard considering the relatively high usage of antimicrobials in these species. There is a risk to humans who come into direct contact with animals acquiring MRSA but there is also the risk of animals acquiring MRSA from colonised humans. In this review, we summarise studies conducted worldwide to characterise the prevalence of MRSA in veterinarians, farmers and other personnel who come into close contact with animals. Finally, alternative treatment, preventive measures and on-farm strategies to reduce MRSA introduction to a farm and carriage within a herd are discussed.

scholarly journals Increasing Incidences and Clonal Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Nordic Countries - Results From the Nordic MRSA Surveillance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Petersen ◽  
Kjersti W. Larssen ◽  
Frode W. Gran ◽  
Hege Enger ◽  
Sara Hæggman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Surveillance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Country Specific

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is notifiable in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. The prevalence of MRSA in this region has been low for many years, but all five countries experience increasing numbers of new cases. The aim of the study was to describe the molecular epidemiology in the Nordic countries 2009-2016. Numbers of new cases of MRSA from 1997 to 2016 were compared, and a database containing information on spa-type and place of residence or acquisition, for all new MRSA isolates from 2009 to 2016 was established. A website was developed to visualize the geographic distribution of the spa-types. The incidence of new MRSA cases increased in all Nordic countries with Denmark having 61.8 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2016 as the highest. The number of new cases 2009 to 2016 was 60,984. spa-typing revealed a high genetic diversity, with a total of 2,344 different spa-types identified. The majority of these spa-types (N = 2,017) were found in 1-10 cases. The most common spa-types t127/CC1, t223/CC22, and t304/CC6:8 increased significantly in all Nordic countries during the study period, except for Iceland, while spa-type t002/CC5 decreased in the same four countries. The trends of other common spa-types were different in each of the Nordic countries. The Nordic countries were shown to share similar trends but also to have country-specific characteristics in their MRSA populations. A continued increasing numbers of MRSA will challenge the surveillance economically. A more selected molecular surveillance will probably have to be employed in the future.

scholarly journals Characterization of a CC1153 PVL-producing community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a dog bite wound

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 513-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edet Ekpenyong Udo ◽  
Samar Saed Boswihi ◽  
Tsonyu Ivanov Dimitrov ◽  
Bobby Noronha ◽  
Bindu Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Bite Wound ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Wound Culture ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Disease Hospital

The isolation of a rare community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strain from an infected dog bite wound is here reported. A 27–year old man presented with a deep open wound on his right hand caused by his dog’s bite at the outpatient clinic of Infectious Disease Hospital (IDH), Kuwait. A wound swab was obtained for bacteriological culture and susceptibility testing. The wound culture yielded pure heavy growth of an MRSA isolate, designated IDH70, which was susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, erythromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim, fusidic acid and rifampicin. The patient was successfully treated with a combination of rifampicin and cotrimoxazole twice daily for 10 days. Molecular characterization revealed that IDH70 was positive for genes encoding Panton-Valentine leucocidin. IDH70 also carried the SCCmec V genetic element, belonged to coagulase type XIIIa, spa type t903, and was assigned to clonal complex 1153 and sequence type ST1153 (ST1153-V-t903). The report highlights the increasing burden of CA-MRSA in the community and the risk of its acquisition from bites of companion animals.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin (-Like) Genes sey, selw, selx, selz, sel26 and sel27 in Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiji Soe Aung ◽  
Noriko Urushibara ◽  
Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya ◽  
Masahiko Ito ◽  
Satoshi Habadera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Features

Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus associated with various toxic diseases due to their emetic and superantigenic activities. Although at least 27 SE(-like) genes have been identified in S. aureus to date, the newly identified SE(-like) genes have not yet been well characterized by their epidemiological features. In this study, the prevalence and genetic diversity of SE gene sey and SE-like genes selw, selx, selz, sel26, and sel27 were investigated for 624 clinical isolates of community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA). The most prevalent SE(-like) gene was selw (92.9%), followed by selx (85.6%), sey (35.4%) and selz (5.6%), while sel26 and sel27 were not detected. Phylogenetically, sey, selw, selx, and selz were discriminated into 7, 10, 16, and 9 subtypes (groups), respectively. Among these subtypes, sey was the most conserved and showed the highest sequence identity (>98.8%), followed by selz and selx. The SE-like gene selw was the most divergent, and four out of ten genetic groups contained pseudogenes that may encode truncated product. Individual subtypes of SE(-like) genes were generally found in isolates with specific genotypes/lineages of S. aureus. This study revealed the putative ubiquity of selw and selx and the prevalence of sey and selz in some specific lineages (e.g., ST121) in CA-MRSA, suggesting a potential role of these newly described SEs(-like) in pathogenicity.

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