Ovine footrot in Southern Portugal: detection of Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum in sheep with different lesion scores

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo isolar e identificar espécies bacterianas anaeróbias presentes nos pés de bovinos portadores de vários graus de pododermatite. Foram utilizados 60 bovinos, distribuídos em quatro grupos de 15. O grupo I foi constituído por animais saudáveis e serviu de controle; o grupo II, por bovinos na fase inicial do processo; o grupo III, por animais portadores de pododermatite interdigital vegetativa e o grupo IV, por bovinos portadores de pododermatite necrosante. Foram colhidos fragmentos de tecido interdigital para cultura e as principais espécies bacterianas isoladas foram: Dichelobacter nodosus nos grupos II, III e IV e Fusobacterium necrophorum nos grupos III e IV, com freqüências de 26,7%, 6,7%, 20,0%, 6,7% e de 13,3%, respectivamente. Encontraram-se também Fusobacterium symbiosum em 40,0% no gb>rupo I, 6,7% no grupo II, 13,3% no grupo III e 13,3% no grupo IV, Bacteroides sp. em 6,7% nos grupos I e IV, Bacteroides ruminatus em 33,3% no grupo I, 6,7% no grupo II, 33,3% no grupo III e 13,3% no grupo IV, Bacteroides oralis em 6,7% no grupo III e Fusobacterium mortiferum em 6,7% no grupo IV.

A longitudinal study of the role of Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum load in initiation and severity of footrot in sheep

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.03.004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 115 (1-2) ◽

pp. 48-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Luci A. Witcomb ◽

Laura E. Green ◽

Jasmeet Kaler ◽

Atiya Ul-Hassan ◽

Leo A. Calvo-Bado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Dichelobacter nodosus, Fusobacterium necrophorum and the epidemiology of footrot

Anaerobe ◽

10.1016/j.anaerobe.2009.02.002 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 173-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Grant Bennett ◽

Jon Hickford ◽

Richard Sedcole ◽

Huitong Zhou

Keyword(s):

Evaluating the Efficiency of Newly Formulated Pomade® and Ceftiofur Hydrochloride for Treating Foot Rot in Dairy Cattle

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.bf-1410 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

K. Yiğitarslan ◽

M. Kale ◽

D. Öztürk ◽

N. Mamak

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Foot Rot ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Dichelobacter Nodosus ◽

Foot Disease ◽

New Treatment ◽

Ceftiofur Hydrochloride

Background: Foot rot is an important contagious disease that causes economic loss in dairy cattle. Even though many antibiotic treatments have been tried on foot rot, very few information about new topical treatment method or product have been reported about the disease. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate an alternative new treatment for foot root disease in dairy cattle. Methods: Forty-one swap samples were collected from cattle’s feet which were further investigated under microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum. Newly formulated pomade® and ceftiofur hydrochloride (Eficur®) applications were used in foot rot cases. Result: Polymerized chain reaction revealed D. nodosus in all the samples were as F. necrophorum was seen only in 22 (53.66%) samples. In this study, D. nodosus was considered as the primary agent involved in foot disease of cattle and F. necrophorum along with other bacterias were considered to be associated in the infection. The foot rot wounds formed in all cases (100%) in which D. nodosus, F. necrophorum and other bacteria were detected were healed along with tissue regeneration. As a result of treatment applications, a success rate of 93.33% was obtained in lameness resulting due to medium foot rot cases and 45.45% in severe acute lameness. The lameness recovery rate was found to be 80.48%.

Sites of persistence of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus: a paradigm shift in understanding the epidemiology of footrot in sheep

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-50822-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rachel Clifton ◽

Katharina Giebel ◽

Nicola L. B. H. Liu ◽

Kevin J. Purdy ◽

Laura E. Green

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Disease Dynamics ◽

Molecular Tools ◽

Bacterial Diseases ◽

Dichelobacter Nodosus ◽

Different Strains ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Sites of persistence of bacterial pathogens contribute to disease dynamics of bacterial diseases. Footrot is a globally important bacterial disease that reduces health and productivity of sheep. It is caused by Dichelobacter nodosus, a pathogen apparently highly specialised for feet, while Fusobacterium necrophorum, a secondary pathogen in footrot is reportedly ubiquitous on pasture. Two prospective longitudinal studies were conducted to investigate the persistence of D. nodosus and F. necrophorum in sheep feet, mouths and faeces, and in soil. Molecular tools were used to detect species, strains and communities. In contrast to the existing paradigm, F. necrophorum persisted on footrot diseased feet, and in mouths and faeces; different strains were detected in feet and mouths. D. nodosus persisted in soil and on diseased, but not healthy, feet; similar strains were detected on both healthy and diseased feet of diseased sheep. We conclude that D. nodosus and F. necrophorum depend on sheep for persistence but use different strategies to persist and spread between sheep within and between flocks. Elimination of F. necrophorum would be challenging due to faecal shedding. In contrast D. nodosus could be eliminated if all footrot-affected sheep were removed and fade out of D. nodosus occurred in the environment before re-infection of a foot.

The detection of Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum from footrot lesions in New Zealand goats

Anaerobe ◽

10.1016/j.anaerobe.2009.02.003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 177 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Grant Bennett ◽

Ayla van Loenen ◽

Huitong Zhou ◽

Richard Sedcole ◽

Jon Hickford

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis: A Novel Bacterial Etiology and Lesion Pathogenesis

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.722461 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Gareth J. Staton ◽

Joseph W. Angell ◽

Dai Grove-White ◽

Simon R. Clegg ◽

Stuart D. Carter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Digital Dermatitis ◽

Dichelobacter Nodosus ◽

Copy Numbers ◽

Colonization Patterns ◽

Foot Disease ◽

Long Acting ◽

The Uk

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) is a severe and common infectious foot disease of sheep and a significant animal welfare issue for the sheep industry in the UK and some European countries. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are incompletely understood. In this longitudinal, experimental study, CODD was induced in 18 sheep, and for the first time, the clinical lesion development and associated microbiological changes in CODD affected feet are described over time, resulting in a completely new understanding of the etiopathogenesis of CODD. The majority of CODD lesions (83.9%) arose from pre-existing interdigital dermatitis (ID) and/or footrot (FR) lesions. All stages of foot disease were associated with high levels of poly-bacterial colonization with five pathogens, which were detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR): Treponema medium, Treponema phagedenis, Treponema pedis, Dichelobacter nodosus, and Fusobacterium necrophorum. Temporal colonization patterns showed a trend for early colonization by T. phagedenis, followed by F. necrophorum and D. nodosus, T. medium, and then T. pedis, D. nodosus was present at significantly higher predicted mean log10 genome copy numbers in FR lesions compared to both ID and CODD, while Treponema species were significantly higher in CODD and FR lesions compared to ID lesions (p < 0.001). Treatment of CODD-affected sheep with two doses of 10 mg/kg long acting amoxicillin resulted in a 91.7% clinical cure rate by 3 weeks post-treatment; however, a bacteriological cure was not established for all CODD-affected feet. The study found that in an infected flock, healthy feet, healed CODD feet, and treated CODD feet can be colonized by some or all of the five pathogens associated with CODD and therefore could be a source of continued infection in flocks. The study is an experimental study, and the findings require validation in field CODD cases. However, it does provide a new understanding of the etiopathogenesis of CODD and further supportive evidence for the importance of current advice on the control of CODD; namely, ensuring optimum flock control of footrot and prompt isolation and effective treatment of clinical cases.

Fusobacterium necrophorum, and not Dichelobacter nodosus, is associated with equine hoof thrush

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.037 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 161 (3-4) ◽

pp. 350-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kaloyan K. Petrov ◽

Leon M.T. Dicks

Keyword(s):

Dichelobacter Nodosus ◽

Equine Hoof

Foot rot and other foot diseases of goat and sheep in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2011001000008 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 31 (10) ◽

pp. 879-884 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Gildeni M.N Aguiar ◽

Sara V.D Simões ◽

Tatiane R Silva ◽

Adriana C.O Assis ◽

João M.A Medeiros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control Measures ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Common Disease ◽

Foot Rot ◽

White Line ◽

Dichelobacter Nodosus ◽

Foot Diseases ◽

Sole Ulcers

This paper reports the occurrence and epidemiology of outbreaks of foot rot and other foot diseases in goats and sheep in the semiarid region of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Four farms were inspected for the presence of foot lesion in sheep and goats and for environmental conditions, general hygiene, pastures, and disease control measures. The prevalence of foot lesions was 19.41% (170/876) in sheep and 17.99% (52/289) in goats, ranging between 5.77% and 33.85% in different farms. Foot rot was the most common disease, affecting 12.1% of the animals examined (141/1165), but with significantly higher (p<0.05) prevalence in sheep (13.69%) than in goats (7.27%). The frequency of malignant foot rot was also significantly lower (p<0.05) in goats (9.53%) than in the sheep (40.83%). On one farm, Dorper sheep showed significantly higher (p<0.05) prevalence of foot rot (17.5%) than Santa Inês sheep (6.79%), and the number of digits affected was also higher in the former. Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum were isolated from cases of foot rot. White line disease was found in 3.95% of the animals, sole ulcers in 1.29%, foot abscess in 1.03% and hoof overgrowth in 0.5%. The high rainfall at the time of occurrence, grazing in wetlands, clay soils with poor drainage, presence of numerous stony grounds, closure of the flocks in pens at night, and introduction of affected animals were considered predisposing factors for the occurrence of foot diseases.

USO DE MEDICAMENTOS HOMEOPÁTICOS NA PODODERMATITE EM OVINOS DA RAÇA SANTA INÊS – RELATO DE CASO

Revista de Ciência Veterinária e Saúde Pública ◽

10.4025/revcivet.v4i2.37235 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 211

Author(s):

Renan Almeida de Jesus ◽

Danilo Bergo ◽

Fernanda Lourenço Rodrigues ◽

Giuliana Zardeto Sabec ◽

Paulo Fernandes Marcusso

Keyword(s):

Arnica Montana ◽

Dichelobacter Nodosus ◽

Santa Inês

O relato de caso teve como objetivo demonstrar o efeito do uso de medicamentos homeopáticos no tratamento da pododermatite de ovinos da raça Santa Inês. A pododermatite é uma doença infecciosa causada principalmente pelas bactérias Dichelobacter nodosus e Fusobacterium necrophorum, que pode provocar lesões na camada córnea do casco, causando problemas como infecções secundárias e dificuldade de locomoção caracterizada por claudicação. Em um rebanho de 119 ovinos da raça Santa Inês, foram tratados 12 animais que apresentavam claudicação e características inflamatórias. O tratamento consistiu em 20 gramas diárias de medicamento homeopático (composto por Arnica montana, Graphites, Mercurius solubilis, Scilla maritima e Thuya occidentalis) fornecido na alimentação, que foi utilizada na proporção de 1,5% do peso vivo do animal durante 60 dias, com análise dos resultados após 30 e 60 dias do início do tratamento. Dos 12 animais tratados, 1 (8,33%) não obteve melhora clínica e foi destinado ao descarte por escolha do proprietário, 1 (8,33%) ainda apresentava características inflamatórias ao término do tratamento, contudo a classificação passou de grave para leve aos60 dias, e 10 (83,34%) animais que inicialmente apresentavam grau grave obtiveram melhora clínica e ausência total de claudicação. Com base nos dados alcançados, o tratamento homeopático parece apresentar melhora na claudicação e no tratamento de pododermatite.