Formation of brominated trihalomethanes during chlorination or ozonation of natural organic matter extracts and model compounds in saline water

The high number of natural organic matter contain in wetland water may cause its water has brown color and not consumable. In other hand, intrusion of sea water through wetland aquifer create water become saline, notably on hot season. Coagulation is effective method to applied for removing of natural organic matter. However, it could not be used for salinity removal. Hence combination of coagulation and pervaporation process is attractive method to removing both of natural organic matter and conductivity of wetland saline water. The objective of this works is to investigate optimum coagulant doses for removing organic matter by coagulation process as pretreatment and to analysis performance of coagulation-pervaporation silica-pectin membrane for removing of organic matter and conductivity of wetland saline water. Coagulation process in this work carried out under varied aluminum sulfate dose 10-60 mg.L-1. Silica-pectin membrane was used for pervaporation process at feed temperature ~25 °C (room temperature). Optimum condition of pretreatment coagulation set as alum dose at 30 mg.L-1 with maximum removal efficiency 81,8 % (UV254) and 40 % (conductivity). In other hand, combining of coagulation-pervaporation silica-pectin membrane shows both of UV254 and salt rejection extremely good instead without pretreatment coagulation of 86,8 % and 99,9 % for UV254 and salt rejection respectively. Moreover, water flux of silica-pectin membrane pervaporation with coagulation pretreatment shown higher 17,7 % over water flux of wetland saline water without pretreatment coagulation. Combining of coagulation and pervaporation silica-pectin membrane is effective to removing both of organic matter and salinity of wetland saline water at room temperature.

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Lability of natural organic matter in freshwater: a simple method for detection using hydrogen peroxide as an indicator

10.5194/bg-2018-122 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Isabela Carreira Constantino ◽

Amanda Maria Tadini ◽

Marcelo Freitas Lima ◽

Lídia Maria de Almeida Plicas ◽

Altair Benedito Moreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Water Samples ◽

Ultrapure Water ◽

Model Compounds ◽

Simple Method ◽

The Difference ◽

One Year

Abstract. Natural organic matter (NOM) is an important component for understanding the behavior of pollutants in the environment. A fraction of NOM is considered labile, fresh and less oxidized. In this work, a simple method was developed to distinguish between labile (LOM) and recalcitrant (ROM) organic matter in freshwater samples. Pyruvate, lignin and fulvic acid were chosen as model compounds of labile and recalcitrant NOM. The samples were submitted to kinetic monitoring experiments using hydrogen peroxide. Pyruvate was the best standard for the quantification of LOM (for concetrations up to 2.9 mg L−1). ROM was quantified by measuring the difference between total organic carbon (TOC) and LOM concentrations. Curves obtained with 0.5 to 5.0 mg L−1 TOC (pyruvate) in freshwater or ultrapure water samples did not indicate the existence of a matrix effect. This simple method was applied to water samples that were collected monthly for one year; the resulting LOM concentrations ranged from 0.47 to 2.1 mg L−1 and the ROM concentrations ranged from 0.08 to 3.5 mg L−1. Based on this results we concluded that hydrogen peroxide kinetics can be used as a simple method to quantify LOM and ROM concentrations in freshwater samples.

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Iron(III)-induced photooxidation of arsenite in the presence of carboxylic acids and phenols as model compounds of natural organic matter

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 263 ◽

pp. 128142

Author(s):

Xingyun Huang ◽

Ying Peng ◽

Jing Xu ◽

Feng Wu ◽

Gilles Mailhot

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Carboxylic Acids ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Model Compounds

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Interpreting main features of the differential absorbance spectra of chlorinated natural organic matter: Comparison of the experimental and theoretical spectra of model compounds

Water Research ◽

10.1016/j.watres.2020.116206 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 185 ◽

pp. 116206 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bingya Chen ◽

Chenyang Zhang ◽

Yanmei Zhao ◽

Dongsheng Wang ◽

Gregory V. Korshin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Model Compounds ◽

Absorbance Spectra

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Interlayer-free Silica Pectin Membrane for Wetland Saline Water via Pervaporation

Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi ◽

10.14710/jksa.22.3.99-104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 99-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Erdina Lulu Atika Rampun ◽

Muthia Elma ◽

Isna Syauqiah ◽

Meilana Dharma Putra ◽

Aulia Rahma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Saline Water ◽

Vapour Phase ◽

Cold Trap ◽

Clean Water ◽

Free Silica ◽

Quality Of Water

Wetland in South Kalimantan is one of surface water sources to provide clean water. However, seawater intrusion has spread into the wetland aquifer and reduce the quality of water. Silica-pectin membrane is a promising technology for desalination. The membranes were tested for desalination by pervaporation at room temperature (~25 °C). During pervaporation process, the water contacts to membrane and the separation is started to occurs as vapour phase by maintaining vacuum pressure (~1 bar). The permeate was collected in the cold trap after condensed using nitrogen liquid. The purpose of this research was to investigate the performance of interlayer-free silica pectin membrane for wetland saline water. Experimental results shows the fluxes of membrane are 0.35 and 0.19 kg.m-2 h-1 ( pectin 0%wt); 0.23 and 0.16 kg.m-2 h-1 (pectin 0.1%wt); 0.58 and 3.63 kg.m-2 h-1 (pectin 0.5%wt); 3.40 and 0.12 kg.m-2 h-1 (pectin 2.5%wt) calcined at 300 and 400 °C, respectively. Natural organic matter (NOM) and salt concentration in wetland saline water can reduce the fluxes up to (~98%). Nevertheless, overall salt rejection of membranes achieved >99%. It was found that low calcination gives better performance at high pectin concentration. While pectin concentration was limited at high calcination.

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Recent advances in structure and reactivity of dissolved organic matter: radiation chemistry of non-isolated natural organic matter and selected model compounds

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2012.404 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 66 (9) ◽

pp. 1941-1949 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shakiba Ayatollahi ◽

Daina Kalnina ◽

Weihua Song ◽

Barbara A. Cottrell ◽

Michael Gonsior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Natural Waters ◽

Environmental Fate ◽

Radiation Chemistry ◽

Complex Compounds ◽

Model Compounds ◽

Transient Spectra ◽

Oxidation Chemistry

The importance of natural organic matter (NOM) as a source of carbon in natural waters, as the source of reactive oxygen species, or for the complications its presence causes in treatment of natural waters, is undeniable. Recent studies have also pointed to the major photochemical role of triplet excited state of natural organic matter in the environmental fate of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in waters. However, the characterization of NOM is problematic due to its complex molecular structure. One approach to better understand NOM chemistry is the use of model compounds. As the condensation of a plant's phenolic compounds leads to humification and the formation of NOM, a structurally broad group of nine phenolic compounds were selected as model compounds for this study. With methods used in the discipline of radiation chemistry, the oxidative chemistry and transient spectra of these phenols were studied. In addition, the oxidative chemistry and transient spectra of a sample of NOM from the Black River, North Carolina, USA, was characterized. This natural water sample was used as received and represents the first studies of non-isolated NOM by pulsed radiolysis. The results of the transient spectra of the NOM revealed that the radical intermediates were very long lived. This phenomenon was not captured using the nine model compounds suggesting that more complex compounds are needed to further our understanding of the oxidation chemistry of NOM.

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